Sustainable and Responsible Tourism Management

This report discusses the concept of sustainable and responsible tourism management, the roles and functions of leading global companies, principles of tourism planning and development, impacts of tourism activity, and ways to create sustainability in the business. The report focuses on Expat Explore Travel Ltd., a London-based tour operator that provides affordable services for travelers in Europe, Africa, North America, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East.

Sustainable and
Responsible Tourism
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
TASK ..............................................................................................................................................3
P1. The concept of sustainability and responsibility in tourism.............................................3
P2. Determine the mission, role as well as functions of leading global companies involved in
the promotion of responsible and sustainable tourism...........................................................4
P3. The purpose and principles of tourism planning and development to minimize the adverse
effects of tourism. ..................................................................................................................5
P4. The process of tourism planning and development, including problems and challenges.6
P5. Impacts of tourism activity produced by a particular tourism attraction from an
environment, socio-cultural and economic perspectives........................................................7
P6. Examine the principles of sustainability implemented by the chosen firm in order to meet
the requirements and expectations of stakeholders................................................................9
P7. Evaluate how sustainability is being generated and managed in number of destinations
across the world....................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERNCES:................................................................................................................................12
Books and Journals:..............................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Sustainability in tourism sectors refers to a concept that focuses on the tourism
experience, consisting concern for social, economic and environmental issues and paying high
attention towards tourists' experiences and resolving the issues of host communities. Tourism can
be associated to travel for business, leisure and visiting friends and relatives, including mode of
transportation linked to tourism (Cardoso, 2020). This report will be based on Expat Explore
Travel Ltd. It is London based tour operator. The main motive of this company is provide fun,
convenience and affordable services for travellers in the whole Europe. It helps tourists to
explore various destinations such as Europe, Africa, North America, South-east Asia and middle
east Asia. In this report, the concept of sustainable and responsible tourism management has
been discussed. The functions and roles of tourism company, relating to sustainability and
responsibilities has been covered. The main principles and challenges faced by the respective
company is also covered. The impacts of tourism activity on the environment and various
principles linking to sustainability is covered. Lastly, it is discussed with different ways through
which an organisation can create sustainability in the business.
TASK
P1. The concept of sustainability and responsibility in tourism.
The concept of sustainability in the tourism sector concentrates on reducing the wastage
of available resources. It highly focused on the optimum utilization of natural environment. It is
important for all types of companies to make an excellent usage of such resources. There are
many business firms that have got the meaning of sustainability and smartly apply in their daily
operations of business which will further benefits the customers by improving their living
standards (Filimonau and Magklaropoulou, 2020). It is significant to facilitate maximum use of
resources in order to protect the environment.
World Conservation Strategy (WCS) is launched by The International Union for the
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). The main objective behind this is to
accomplish the sustainable development by utilizing and protecting natural resources. This
concentration is to diminish the negative effect on the surroundings, while achieving the business
goals of company. Travellers also looking for such organisations which are highly focused on the
sustainability. In case of Expat Explore, the company tries to focus on creating a green and

sustainable tourism that will promote the maximum use of available resources so that waste can
be reduced. Environment as well as infrastructure has been protected at its best level with a
motive that no problems will be faced by local citizens and tourists. Hence, the tourism can be
enjoyed at its best level. Expat Explore is working their operations according to the concept of
sustainability (Gupta and et.al., 2021). They are also ready to take care of the responsibility and
sustainable development. It assists them to facilitate the sustainable advantages to the local
communities and to diminish the negative effect on the society and environment. Nowadays, the
tourists are also well-aware about the concept of sustainability and its positive effect, that is why
they are like to go for such organisation which is focused on the sustainable development.
Therefore, it has been significantly evolved in the present scenario that many tourist companies
working towards the concept of sustainable and responsible tourist management. For example,
And Beyond, i.e. high-end safari tour operator in Africa, Kynder is a eco-friendly platform that
facilitates best cafes, restaurants, hotels and bars in USA and Europe, all such are responsible
and sustainable tourist companies.
P2. Determine the mission, role as well as functions of leading global companies involved in the
promotion of responsible and sustainable tourism.
It is important to understand that many organisations throughout the world are understood
the concept of sustainability as well as in favour of bringing sustainability and responsibility in
the tourism sector.
Private organisation: The companies who are dealing in the tourism industry possesses a
significant role in the adoption of concept of sustainability. All such companies plays a vital role
in the sustainable development. These firms facilitate training facilities to their workers and
communicate the benefits of the green tourism. This kind of organisations manage their work in
such way that facilitates best facilities to tourists and visitors without impacting negatively on the
environment (Inkson and Minnaert, 2018). The chosen company follow all the standards, fair
practices and ethics so that they are develop a good brand image in the market. Furthermore, they
follow all the policies created by government that provide goodness and performance while
undertaking any project. They are also safeguards the safety of tourists while enjoying their trip.
For example, Eco-companion is the eco-travel organisation and provides a book platform to the
visitors. The mission of the company is to provide the nature and green to the guests who can
enjoy their trip with an active holiday. This destination is the prettiest places to dive in the globe.

It functions towards sustainability in order to protect the natural environment which is the main
focus on the company.
This mainly focus on the their employees' training as this company believes that if the
employees are trained and skilled they can better understand the company mission to meet the
desired aims of the company. It is seen that employees are trained in an effective way to that they
can improve the skills and works towards sustainability in a better way. It is quite obvious that
use of water in tourism industry is very high. In response to that the eco-companion company set
a baseline to reduce the consumption of water usage by next year. The main parties involved in
this category is production and maintenance employees, accounting department and engineering
department.
P3. The purpose and principles of tourism planning and development to minimize the adverse
effects of tourism.
There are various principles which have been adopted by the Expat Explore with an
intent to create sustainable and responsible tourism to diminish the harmful impact on tourism
sectors, are discussed underneath: Using resources sustainability: The chosen company is highly focused on reducing the
wastage of resources and make sustainable use of it (Jamal and Camargo, 2018). Support local economy: There are various local economic activities which is beneficial
to minimise the costs. The chosen firm utilize them to improve the value and to avoid the
harmful impact on the environment. Integrating tourism into planning: When an organisation is able to make an effective
plan then it can be move forward to achieve its long-term goals. The tactful planning
assists them to minimize the negative effect on the environment, while achieving success. Maintaining biodiversity: By maintaining social, cultural as well as natural diversity, the
firm will be able to generate value and encourage tourism. Reducing over-consumption and waste: The business firm is focusing on to minimize
the long-term negative impact on the environment, while improving the quality of
tourism.

 Consult shareholders and public: It is very vital to have interactions with stakeholders
on regular basis and understanding the usage of public. By focusing on the requirements
and demands, the aims can be easily accomplished regarding sustainability.
P4. The process of tourism planning and development, including problems and challenges.
The process of tourism planning and development consists with various stages which are
important for the growth in the tourism sector. In context of Expat Explore, these stages have
been discussed below: Study recognition and preparation: In this step, the need for planning and tactics has
been recognized in order to boost the competitive benefits to contribute in the long-term
success and growth of the business (Kularatne and et.al., 2019). It is depending on the
available budget and factors, the further preparation is being made on local and domestic
levels. Setting goals for the strategy: The objectives and goals of the company required to be set
with the use of SMART principle, that are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and
time-bound. Survey of existing information: The survey of current information i.e. secondary data
can be achieved through weighing relevant data on the broad range of tourism reviews
magazines, newspapers, books, websites and other offline and online published
information. All such data can be gained through such sources, but it is also necessarily
include three dimensions such as the state of current issues, projected changes in the state
of issues and outlining the principles for monitoring for the future. Implementation of new surveys: These can be done in order to have new and fresh
information relating to the tourism. It can be done through offline or online interviews
and many more. In context of Expat Explore, it is vital to choose the right respondents
that is sample group of consumers from the targeted consumers. Analysis of primary and secondary data: This information can be weighed by
identifying the common pattern in responses in order to critically analyse them. It is
essential for both primary and secondary to be examined in a coordinated way. Initial policy and plan formulation: In the next step, with the help of analysis of both
primary and secondary data, decision-makers formulate initial policies and plans.

 Recommendations: For the policies and plans which are formulated in the above stage, a
set of recommendations has been provided (Liasidou and et.al., 2021). Implementation: Recommendations that are identified feasible and logical by strategic
level employers can be executed into the exercise.
 Monitoring and plan reformulation: This is the last step in which all levels are
monitored and nature of implementation of plans while makes an engagement in the
reformulation of tactics if modifications are internal.
The tourism planning and development also involved many challenges and issues such as
lack of infrastructure, lack of government support for forthcoming actions, poor transportation
system, lack of knowledge in the definite field and lack of practicality in the planning and
development of tourism market. There are numerous examples of global destinations at which
tourists like to visit such as London, Amsterdam, Paris, Switzerland and many more.
P5. Impacts of tourism activity produced by a particular tourism attraction from an environment,
socio-cultural and economic perspectives.
As tourism industry is vast industry which consists the movement of individuals from one
destination to another. This movement of individuals needs infrastructure linked to transport.
Moving to another destination, needs the accommodation for the people, additionally, it leads to
food and beverages. All these producing economic activities and job opportunities. There are
various tourist destinations in London which attract tourist towards destination such as
Stonehenge, is known as famous prehistoric monument throughout Europe. It is quite famous
that visitors requires to buy a timed ticket in advance to fix the entry. Another example is The
Roman Baths and Georgian City of Bath, is one of the remarkable destination in the city. But
somehow, tourists come at such destinations will impact significantly on the various factors,
which are discussed below: Economic impacts: The economic value could be judged by the number of individuals
encompassed in it, additionally the generated income. It consists areas such as
accommodation, transportation, food, boating, trekking, ticketing and many more. Host
facilitates all essential services to the visitors and the visitors pays for all these services.
Therefore, these kind of services provides various benefits to the citizens of the origin
place and the people of destinations (Meza-Arce and et.al., 2020). Tourism activities
facilitates various negative effects on the economy such as it involves several hidden

costs of tourism which have an adverse impact on the nation's economy of the
destination. Mostly, richer or developed countries provides profits than poor or
underdeveloped countries. Various consumable goods such as beverages and food have
to imported by host nations which are developing. This makes local food products
inferior. People are also displaced to construct hotels, historical sites, airports, nature
reserves, hotels and so on. Toursim sectors are not supported by many nations as serves
harsh climatic conditions and seasonality. During season, local people get some kind of
work but after that there is no safeguard to get the job. On the other side, it also affects
on positive side on the economy such as expenditures are supported as it helps to engage
visitors in order to boost the income of the host republics. It will also enhance the
growth. This sector also influences government on a positive note to invest more on
different kinds of infrastructure leading to better facilities for the visitors and local
citizen. Socio-cultural impacts: This category involves traditions, interests, activities,
institutions and many more. In other words, it provides some kind of common
relationship who shares common identity. Culture is meant by the practices that binds
citizens of the society together. It consists morals, values, manners, values, norms and
behaviour. But, it can also affect negatively on the tourism sectors by diminishing the
bonding of family structure and influences nuclear norms of family. It also encourage the
use of drugs at particular tourist destinations (Ramos and Mundet, 2021). There are
many places where tourists are welcomed in traditional style on airports, destinations
and hotels, it leads to adverising of the traditional welcome which enhances mockery.
Erosion of local language is also affecting a lot. Also, it includes various positive affects
on the development of community services and facilities. It is also exploited by local
citizen and leading to better living conditions. Because of cultural exchange, individuals
generate mutual bond and sympathy as well as more able to understand each other which
minimizes the prejudices (Yılmaz, Üngüren and Kaçmaz, 2019). It also has a component
of education. Through education, tourism sectors encourage understanding of culture,
which facilitates hosts and visitors. It facilitates an appropriate chance to get familiar
with people who have different backgrounds and culture.

 Environmental impacts: Environment also affects a lot on the tourism industry. There
are many environmental enhancements that are found to attract more and more tourists.
It also helps in preserving the nature. Environment can also impact negatively on the
tourism sectors such as the use of land is revised to construct hotels, houses, restaurants
to meet the demand of the visitors and other people who visiting the location. Landslide
is widespread in such locations. Huge demand by the tourists for resources also leads to
deterioration and degradation both in terms of quantity and quality. It is also leading to
pollution of air, water and land. Local transportation also pollutes the nature by
consumption of bio-fuels. Any amount of services facilitated at the tourist p[laces
become poor after some time. When the capacity is boost it is also affected to the nature
and environment. Positive impacts are tourists also generate revenue for the business,
more and more consciousness about the environment is expected. Fund raised by such
services used to enhance the beauty of nature (Reineman and Ardoin, 2018).
Furthermore, foreign guests provide some suggestions and ideas to reduce the stress on
the nature and encourage the sustainability in the respective sectors. The local citizen
also made aware about the significance of the nature, surroundings and environment.
They also put efforts to maintain the equilibrium.
P6. Examine the principles of sustainability implemented by the chosen firm in order to meet the
requirements and expectations of stakeholders.
Now a days, sustainability becomes the most sensitive and important topic among every
sectors and industry. It is also very vital for the companies to analyse the principles of
sustainability which could help in implementing those principles in the company in order to
meet the expectations of stakeholders in a swift way. An integrated approach shows to the
planning and management of tourism which is necessary for attaining the sustainability in
tourism business. It is also seen that principles of sustainability are effective and must be
implemented by the companies. Tourism industry also plays a significant role of creating quality
jobs to the people and makes an connection between local business and tourism development.
The principles of sustainability are the foundation and its demonstrates three pillars such as
society, economy and environment (Saarinen, 2019). This is vital and necessary for the
stakeholders with a purpose to understand the concepts and principles of sustainability that are
required to make an effective decisions. Furthermore, it is very required that decision should be

straight for the growth of business and environment (Wang and et.al., 2018). By this, stake
holder's expectations can be met and can perform the major role in improving the functions of
companies.
Moreover, it involves various principle of sustainability that encompass combined
tourism into planning, maintain biodiversity, reduction of waste production, support local
economies, participated with local communities. In context of Expat Explore, it can also
concentrates on the employees' training and development.
P7. Evaluate how sustainability is being generated and managed in number of destinations across
the world.
This section assists in analysing the tourism management on its sustainability and
responsibility that has been developed in a wide range of places across the globe. Sustainable
development mainly involves considering the social, economic and environment aims when
generating and formulating policies of people. With a support of combined decision-making and
long-term ways of planning are involving to the attributes of sustainable formulation and
indicates the main causes of management (Sriarkarin and Lee, 2018). An approach for
sustainability in which humans should aim and live the needs without vulnerable the capabilities
of upcoming generations to attain their personal requirements. Moreover, there are several
destinations that supports tourism on a large scale that is in generating and maintaining the
sustainability such as Africa, UK and many more. Also, it is essential for the government to
produce a sustainable development strategies that concentrates on each human to live healthy,
safe and secure the entire surroundings (Tuan, 2018). It can be met by diminishing the pollution,
poverty, joblessness and encourage better standard of living. It is found that Bhutan is one of the
famous destination which plays a significant role in protecting the environment. It is also
observed that tourism initiatives in Bhutan put it amongst the top sustainable and responsible
tourism places worldwide. It also put efforts to preserve their culture in tourism.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded that sustainability plays an important role in maintaining and
handling the essential practices of business. By maintaining sustainability in the business, it can
facilitate a successful quality life to tourists, employees and many other stakeholders. This will
also assist in creating and maintaining a major prospect where all the persons live and enjoy their

life with high standards. Overall, the report analysed the concept of sustainability and
responsibility in the tourism sector. In these report, various principles towards sustainability and
responsibilities are mentioned through a company can create sustainability in the business. It is
also found that tourism planning and developing is consist with several challenges that must be
address by the firms.

REFERNCES:
Books and Journals:
Cardoso, C., 2020. The contribution of tourism towards a more sustainable and inclusive society:
Key guiding principles in times of crisis. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes.
Filimonau, V. and Magklaropoulou, A., 2020. Exploring the viability of a new ‘pay-as-you-
use’energy management model in budget hotels. International Journal of Hospitality
Management, 89, p.102538.
Gupta, A. and et.al., 2021. Determinants of Tourists’ Site-Specific Environmentally Responsible
Behavior: An Eco-Sensitive Zone Perspective. Journal of Travel Research,
p.00472875211030328.
Inkson, C. and Minnaert, L., 2018. Tourism management: An introduction. Sage.
Jamal, T. and Camargo, B. A., 2018. Tourism governance and policy: Whither justice?. Tourism
management perspectives, 25, pp.205-208.
Kularatne, T. and et.al., 2019. Do environmentally sustainable practices make hotels more
efficient? A study of major hotels in Sri Lanka. Tourism Management, 71, pp.213-225.
Liasidou, S. and et.al., 2021. Residents' perceptions of the environmental and social impact of
tourism in rural areas. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes.
Meza-Arce, M. I. and et.al., 2020. Unraveling the white shark observation tourism at Guadalupe
Island, Mexico: Actors, needs and sustainability. Marine Policy, 119, p.104056.
Ramos, S. P. and Mundet, L., 2021. Tourism-phobia in Barcelona: dismantling discursive
strategies and power games in the construction of a sustainable tourist city. Journal of
Tourism and Cultural Change, 19(1), pp.113-131.
Reineman, D. R. and Ardoin, N. M., 2018. Sustainable tourism and the management of nearshore
coastal places: place attachment and disruption to surf-spots. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism, 26(2), pp.325-340.
Saarinen, J., 2019. Communities and sustainable tourism development: Community impacts and
local benefit creation in tourism. In A research agenda for sustainable tourism. Edward
Elgar Publishing.
Sriarkarin, S. and Lee, C. H., 2018. Integrating multiple attributes for sustainable development in
a national park. Tourism Management Perspectives, 28, pp.113-125.

Tuan, L. T., 2018. Activating tourists' citizenship behavior for the environment: the roles of CSR
and frontline employees' citizenship behavior for the environment. Journal of
Sustainable Tourism, 26(7), pp.1178-1203.
Wang, W. and et.al., 2018. Shaping tourists’ green behavior: The hosts’ efforts at rural Chinese
B&Bs. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, pp.194-203.
Yılmaz, Y., Üngüren, E. and Kaçmaz, Y. Y., 2019. Determination of managers’ attitudes towards
eco-labeling applied in the context of sustainable tourism and evaluation of the effects
of eco-labeling on accommodation enterprises. Sustainability, 11(18), p.5069.