Tourism Development and Sustainability

The assignment delves into various aspects of tourism development, emphasizing sustainability and its impact on local communities. It examines different strategies employed in developing tourism sustainably, considering factors like economic benefits, environmental protection, and cultural preservation. The analysis includes perspectives on pro-poor tourism, the role of residents in tourism development, and the influence of social media on tourist behavior.

Sustainable Tourism
Development

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Identifying and analysing the way different stakeholders would be benefited from tourism
development planning............................................................................................................3
1.2 Discussing the advantages and disadvantages of public-private partnership in tourism
planning and development......................................................................................................4
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Tourism development planning process ..........................................................................5
2.2 Interactive planning and evaluating the importance of interactive planning system ......7
2.3 Tourism Impact................................................................................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Concept on sustainability in tourism development in Budapest......................................9
3.2 Reason for sustainability issue through conducting analysis of factors that may prevent
sustainable tourism in Budapest...........................................................................................11
3.3 Identifying the various stages of sustainable tourism development planning................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Analysing issues related to conflict of interest and identifying ways for resolving conflicts
of interest .............................................................................................................................12
4.2 Examine the implication sustainable tourism development for balancing supply and
demand in Budapest.............................................................................................................13
4.3 Evaluating the moral and ethical issues of developing and promoting enclave tourism14
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................14
5.1 Comparing present issues related to tourism development in Budapest and emerging
destination.............................................................................................................................14
5.2 Evaluating with suggestion the future development of tourism in both Destinations....15
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18

INTRODUCTION
Tourism sector is the fastest growing industry in UK. Sustainable tourism is an industry
that intends to have less effect on environment and domestic culture. Principle and practices
Sustainable tourism are applicable to all kinds of tourism as well as types of destinations. It also
includes mass and various segments of niche tourism. It intends to ensure that development is a
positive experience for domestic people, tourism industry and tourists. The report emphasizes on
various aspects of tourism. It has focus on identifying the different stakeholders who would be
benefited by tourism development planning. The study will include tourism development
planning process. The purpose of project is to provide suitable and effective suggestions for
development of emerging tourist destinations.
TASK 1
1.1 Identifying and analysing the way different stakeholders would be benefited from tourism
development planning
There was the major event organised in Budapest. These stakeholders are accountable for
hosting tourist and for generating revenue as well as profit for the industry. If these stakeholders
are able to fulfil their roles and duties in effective manner then they can generate various benefits
from tourism development planning (Kazakh, 2017)
Legal authority of Brazil- The government generates revenues in form of taxes on profit earned
by tourism department. Additional income is obtained by government from existing service tax.
Local tour operator and tourism companies- Budapest is considered as the most popular
destination and expects increase in the number of tourists. It has been expected that increase in
visitors in country will lead to increase in demand for various services such as food,
accommodation, hotel, tour operators, guides, etc. Tour operator, hotel and restaurant owners as
well as guide will be benefited as they will be provided with an opportunity to increase their
revenue, profit margin and enhanced growth. The community will be benefited as the revenue
generated by tourism department would be invested on economic development of country as well
as society. Development of tourism and destination will have a positive impact on employment.
Various stakeholders are like politicians, government and tour operators.
Some stakeholders

Sponsors-There are those enterprises who sponsors various tours and events. These people get
benefited by the profit earned through sustainable development.
Local communities- In Budapest, there is large number of arrival of Tourist each year. So, there
are great opportunities for local community to get employment. It also provides domestic people
and local tour operators to fulfil their needs and demands. The local community can foster self
development process. It also allows people to increase their standard of living and achieve high
economic growth.
These stakeholders have an opportunity to get involved in the process of tourism planning. They
have potential to lead negotiation and develop mutually accepted proposals. Stakeholders have
opportunity to discuss and negotiate about various planning issues and improve the quality of
services.
1.2 Discussing the advantages and disadvantages of public-private partnership in tourism
planning and development
In mega event that was organized in Budapest, private and public partnership has played
a significant role in hosting, organizing and managing these events. Hosting of such big
proceedings require a lot of funds and investment. Neither public sector has potential to organize
such events independently; nor does private sector have sufficient resources to conduct these
events. Both private and public sector organizations have identified partnership as a way to
conduct big events. Budapest destination is an example where organization of successful event
was possible only through the partnership of these firms. In order to organize event in an
effective and systematic manner Public and private sector has played a significant role.
Advantages:
Partnership is a contract—often a long-term contract—between a governmental body and
a private entity, most often a corporation. The goal of the partnership is to provide some benefit
to the public, either an asset or a service. A key element of these contracts is that the private
party must take on a significant portion of the risk because the contractually specified
remuneration—how much the private party receives for its participation—typically depends on
performance. They provide better infrastructure solutions than an initiative that is wholly public
or wholly private. Public private partnership results in faster projects completions and reduce
delays on infrastructure projects by including tome to time as a measure of performance and
therefore profit.

A public private return on investment may be greater than entirely private or government
methods. Innovate design and financing becomes available when two entities work together.
Risks are fully appraised early on to determine project feasibility. In this sense, the private
partner can offer a brake on unrealistic government promises. By increasing the efficiency of
government's investment, it allows government funds to be redirected to other important socio
economic areas.
Disadvantages
Political issues and Risk- In travel and tourism industry, when private and Public
companies merge together in order to increase their profitability in Budapest, in such case, both
firms have to consider government laws and regulations. If any of the organisation fails to
comply with the laws framed by legal authority, then it can have a great effect on their business
activities as well as growth.
Lack of government control- When public and private firms work together, it becomes difficult
for the government to have control on various activities conducted by these enterprises. Legal
authority also fails to gain benefit from the industry. Every public private partnership involve
risks for the private participant, which reasonably expects to be compensated for accepting those
risks. This can increase the government costs. If there are only limited number of private entities
that can perform these tasks but private organisation has limited competitiveness for cost
effective partnering.
TASK 2
2.1 Tourism development planning process
Planning is the act of or process of formulating plans, deciding tactics in detail in order to
achieve specific goals or objectives. Tourism development is the outlines that provides direction
to domestic tourism country and have focus on development of domestic tourism industry,
community, domestic business and government. This type of planning emphasize on identifying
mechanism through which the domestic industry can help in accommodating the diverse
aspiration of the community. This type of planning process is integrative in nature and planning
process is multidimensional activity. The planning process has focus on various as social,

technological, economical, legal and environmental factors. (Jordan and Vogt, 2017). The
tourism planning procedure include following stages-
In First stage, This phase is concerned with an analysis of existing situation and develops
the direction for the succeeding stages. The various other considerations are made related to the
policies as well as plans of public sector organisation that have effect on tourism and also
identifies the existing tourism related programmes and activities.
At next stage, The investigation is undertaken in order to determine the requirement of
resources and selection of the market. This process is facilitated for identifying the various
activities in which the visitors or tourist can participate while visiting the Destination area.
A detailed examination related to the potential as well as existing market is recommended
for comprehensive planning related to tourism development.
The third stage is considered as the very essential phase in tourism development planning
procedure. As the decision or conclusion related to five areas of tourism such as tourism
marketing, tourism development, enterprise in tourism sector, awareness about tourism activities
and other support services are made.
In Next stage, In this phase the tourism planning objectives, strategies and goal related
plan are established.
At the sixth stage, In this phase the details of the plans, activities, programmes are
designed and organised in series in order to achieve plan objectives. This action is executed in
order to define the roles as well as responsibilities of the private and public sector. This stage
also helps planner in determining the needs of funds, preparing time table for facilitating various
programme.
The final stage includes monitoring the progress of the plan.
Some features of tourism development planning are-
It is inclusive in nature. For instance during organization of Olympic games the focus of
whole country was on formulating plan, maintaining entire destination in London, development
of infrastructure etc. was implemented. Such planning had resulted into enhancement in visitor
economy. The outcome tourism development planning was improved and well maintained
destination (Dwyer, Čorak and Tomljenović, 2017)
It is required by government in Budapest to make effective plans for attracting tourists
and focus on development of the country as well as destination. Travel and tour operator should

adopt low price strategies as this will assist organisation in attracting more number of visitors. In
case of Budapest the legal authority should emphasize on formulating effective plan in order to
satisfy the needs of visitors. It is essential for government to provide facilities to customer on the
basis of their demand. As this activity will help legal authority in provide good as well as
memorable experience to tourists. Government should also take initiative to improve the living
standard of community as well as society as this factor has great influence on traveller choice
related to selection of destination.
National level: Tourism planning at national level is essential so that management would be able
to coordinate with each other on large destination like Budapest and achieve their objectives.
Tourism planning at national level covers the all policies related to development of tourism
sector. This kind of planning is made within the national boundaries of the country. The aim of
this planning to protect the local community of Budapest from discrimination.
Global level-This type of planning is facilitated at big platform. This level of planning when
some big event is to be organised at particular destination and international visitors are invited
and expected to visit Budapest.
Destination level-Generally planning is facilitated with regards to development of particular
place or destination. This planning include discussion on providing various facilities to visitors
such as food, accommodation and transportation services. At domestic level shopkeepers,
salesman and local tour operator are involved in planning related to providing material, products
as well as services to tourists.
2.2 Interactive planning and evaluating the importance of interactive planning system
The interactive planning refers to the planning process which have focus on building the
future and creating the present. Inter planning emphasizes on fulfilling the present needs. This
form of planning is based on the assumption that more opportunities can be generated and
captured in the future. The other aspect of tourism development planning process is involvement
of interactive planning.
It intends to have focus on ensuring that all the stakeholders are engaged in organizing particular
event. There is effective communication and coordination between all stakeholders to keep
control on planning activities. For instance,Goverment in Budapest the focus on organizing
committee and private sector was on tourism development planning. There was various meeting
had taken place and discussion happened which has supported private and public sector

organization in producing effective outcome of tourism development planning (Domínguez-
Gómez. And González-Gómez, 2017) The interactive planning helps the country in economic
growth, environmental growth etc. In case of the Budapest with assistance of the tourism
development the country has able improve the employment among the local people and increase
the standard of the individual. But this is possible in case if it follows interactive planning system
and process. This basically means involving all the sector into planning which are affected by the
tourism development. With assistance of the interactive planning system and process, the
wastage can be reduced which will help in reserving the resources
2.3 Tourism Impact
Tourism has great effect on cultural. Successful development of tourism can have both
positive and negative impacts on economy, society and environment.
Social -The tourists may have great influence on values, culture, belief and tradition prevailing in
society. Domestic people may have their privacy invaded. Tourism assists the government in
generating job opportunities. It assists in implementing modern ideologies. Tourism provides
people a degree of freedom of movement. It provides country an opportunity to bring foreign
expertise to the destination and support them in maintaining healthy relationship with other
countries. It allows domestic people to develop and enhance their intercultural understanding.
Tourism activities lead to high growth and increase development rates, considerable amount of
currency inflow, infrastructure development and educational experience have a great impact on
various sectors of economy.
Environment – The transportation facilities that are used by tourism industry may have harm on
environment of destinations of origin and pollution during transit. It may harm destination appeal
to foreigners. It may provide incentives to national authorities to safeguard the environment. The
government of Ghana can use environmental impact assessment as a tool to measure the impact
on environmental activities in tourism industry and identifying future risk as well as ecological
balances. It also provides compensation for any damages caused due to nature. Environmental
auditing is another method that can be used to measure the damages on coastal area of Ghana.
Economy- Tourism has a great impact on the environment. Tourism may have a great impact on
the local economy as well. Due to development of tourism, the domestic economy of country
may have to suffer because of competition from other emerging destinations.

Pro-Poor tourism- it refers to the tourism that generates net advantages for the poor. The
benefits may be economic, but they may also be economic, social, environmental or cultural.
This model of Poor tourism is adopted by the developing countries in order to improve the local
economy for the Citizen. The objective of Poor Tourism is to reduce the poverty, so that poor
people are able to participate more effectively in Tourism development process. Both legal
authority and International tour agencies in Budapest are now promoting the utilisation of
tourism activities in order to reduce the poverty and minimising the impact of tourism on society.
TASK 3
3.1 Concept on sustainability in tourism development in Budapest
According to Brundtland report, sustainable tourism development is a development that
meets the need of presents without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their
own needs. The Brundtland Commission pushed for the idea that while the “environment” was
previously perceived as a sphere separate from human emotion or action, and while
“development” was a term habitually used to describe political goals or economic progress, it is
more comprehensive to understand the two terms in relation to each other. Therefore, another
characteristic that really sets this definition apart from others is the element of humanity that
Brundtland Commission integrates. Brundtland report has re-examined the critical issues of
Illustration 1: Pro-Poor strategy
(Sources: Poverty Alleviation through Pro-Poor Tourism, 2014)

environment and development and to formulate innovative, concrete and realistic action
proposals to deal with them; [2] strengthen international cooperation on environment and
development and assess and propose new forms of cooperation that can break out of existing
patterns and influence policies and events in the direction of needed change; and [3] raise the
level of understanding and commitment to action on the part of individuals, voluntary
organizations, businesses, institutes and governments (Sustainable development - concept and
action, 2005)
Importance of Sustainable Tourism Development
The significance of sustainable tourism concept is that it aims to have positive impact and
influence on environment, economy and society. Tourism is the rapid growing industry and
contributes towards economic development of country. Tourism has allowed Budapest
Government to provide employment opportunities to domestic people and assisted the country to
revitalise local economy. Sustainable tourism has encouraged people in Budapest to improve
their quality of life, enhance the quality of tourist experience and preserve the environment on
which the local residents and visitors depend. Authorities that are accountable for sustainable
tourism planning and implement are more concerned about enhancing economic growth,
preventing environment and social cultural. Sustainable tourism development in Budapest has
provided country an opportunity to identify the ways and techniques to reduce negative impact of
tourism with identifying global opportunities for development. There are the following reasons
which state that sustainability is an issue:
Issues related Overcrowding and Dissatisfaction among local people- Over tourism is the major
issues as this has great impact on society, environment and economic growth of the country.
Domestic people consider that the sustainable tourism should not only focus on increasing the
capacity of destination but it should emphasize on defining border of tourist area. The other
issues that is faced by sustainable tourism is to sustain their business and previewing their
viability at destination for long period. It may not be use the destination resources. Lack of
support from government. The tourism has to bear the high burden of takes and these economic
factors have great impact on the profitability and growth of tourism. This business has major
responsibility to preserve species from extinction. This has become major challenge for tourism.
(Chang and Chen,2008).

Political instability, violation of human right and corruption are some major issues related
to the sustainable tourism development in the country. The legal authority in The Budapest need
to haver focus on the loss of Biodiversity and the management of agricultural resources and
protection as well as self-fulfilment of Human rights.
3.2 Reason for sustainability issue through conducting analysis of factors that may prevent
sustainable tourism in Budapest
In present scenario nothing can be obtained easily organisation have to face difficulties in
implementing various processes and strategies. If in case in some specific principles and
standards are not faced by sustainable tourism It can create various problems in implementation
of sustainable tourism. There are several issues that are faced by Budapest legal authorities in
following the process of sustainable tourism development. These issues are faced by sustainable
tourism as the demands re tourist are high and if the tourism industry fails to fulfil the demand of
tourist it can create issues. It is very difficult for Ghana country to make huge investment in
fulfilling the need of tourist. Increase in level of competition in world is the reason that the
countries are more concerned about establishing their position and focussing on gaining extra
resources in order to match up themselves with leading destination of travelling market
(Christou, Sigala and Gretzel, 2012)
3.3 Identifying the various stages of sustainable tourism development planning.
The organisation has to follow systematic procedure in order to achieve their goals and
objectives. This activity will assist the business entity in reducing the level of complexities and
allowing firm to increase their scale of operation. The rate of complexities in travel and tourism
industry is very high. It has to face stiff competition at international level. For destination like
Budapest that legal authority that are associated with tourism industry require following specific
procedure in order implement sustainable development plan. The intimal step include assessing
country resources and analysing tourist demand. The second stage is allocating resources and
emphasizing on fulfilling various needs as well as last step is evaluating resources in order to
determine further requirements (Clarke, I. III, and et.al., 2009)
Local government plays significant role in sustaining the planning. They have contributed
a lot in tourist planning and identifying the ways to use various resources in effective and
efficient ways and designing the various activities as well as process.

Various stages of sustainable development tourism planning are
Deciding What to be done (Analysis)- At initial stage legal authority should take initiative to
identify the area where sustainable tourism measures can be applied.
Second stage: setting objectives: The main objective of regional plan would be provide planning
action on the following such as '
Solution to constraints and issues
Identification of destinations with the greatest potential.
Action objectives and strategic.
RESEARCH-In next stage legal authority is required determining or discover the parties those
who are to be including in planning process. Using secondary data, public workshops etc.
In case of Ghana legal authority have to analyse the various criterion by which the country or
destination can be effectively developed.
Considerations- The fourth stage is more concerned with the identifying the issue that are faced
by Individual. In this stage various natural resources are identified by government.
Synthesis and Conclusions-In fifth stage Evaluation regarding the problem, faced by individual
is considered. Role of government is to analyse the appropriate solution for the implementation
plan is the final stage.
Concepts- The first three steps are not determinants they suggest and stimulate propositions. It is
at this step that local citizens, public and private developers, and professionals review the
findings and conclusions. The final recommendations depend on how well all parties can
visualise change in order to produce desired outcome.
TASK 4
4.1 Analysing issues related to conflict of interest and identifying ways for resolving conflicts of
interest
Budapest is a place located in Hungary. Accepting the sustainability concept is the major
issue for travel and tourism companies. There is a threat of various conflicts of interest which
can take place in between local stakeholders. As these stakeholders have different objective,
opportunities and interest, conflicts may arise for gaining various benefits, lack of sufficient
resources and short as well as long term planning. There are some other moral and ethical
problems (Heung, Kucukusta and Song, 2011)

At the time formulation of policies as well as procedures, the legal authority have to face
several major issues and disputes. The conflict can arise between Legal authority and Domestic
people. In case of the Budapest, the reason for the dispute between the local people and
government has arises due to the restructuring of the historical monument. The other conflicts
have occurred between Hotel owners and local citizen. The subject matter of the conflicts is
related to the utilisation of resources. The Hotel owner was not concentrating on preserving the
natural resources and safeguarding the natural environment. But the domestic people are more
concerned about utilising natural resources in effective as well as efficient manner. The
Government in Budapest has planned to developed integrative management system in order to
deal with such conflicts. The legal authority has developed and implemented some rules as well
as legislation in order to protect environment. As the Domestic people is against promoting the
tourism because they think that tourism activity has negative influence on the culture. Some laws
and regulation are designed with the objective to preserve culture.
The other conflict is between investors and domestic people. The reason for the conflicts
emerging hotels, parks and roads, the local people have less area for forest. This affects their
livelihood. In order to overcome this issue government gives the employment opportunities to
that local area people so that they are not dissatisfied from this new arrangement and
development.
4.2 Examine the implication sustainable tourism development for balancing supply and demand
in Budapest
The demand indicates the quantity of product or services that are desired by the Tourist.
The interrelationship between quantity demanded and price is referred to as demand relationship.
Tourism supply is considered as the complex phenomenon due to the nature of its products or
services. In case of Budapest, as the destination doesn’t have sufficient resources, sustainable
tourism development planning can be used to determine the needs of various types of resources
and products in order to fulfil the requirement of local people as well as visitors. Sustainable
tourism development can also be utilised as a tool for identifying the way for making a balance
between demand and supply.
When industry plans to implement sustainable development, the first thing that firm
considers is saving available resources so that resources could be used for conducting various
activities in the future. Sustainable tourism development assists country like Budapest in

fulfilling the demand of tourists in effective manner with limited resources. It provides various
method to the country through which it can balance demand and supply needs of tourists.
(Jackson, 2008).
4.3 Evaluating the moral and ethical issues of developing and promoting enclave tourism
Enclave tourism refers to the destination where visitor’s activities are planned and
assembled in small geographical areas in order to allow visitors to gain experience according to
their purpose of visiting at a particular destination. This tourism development generally operates
within a demarcated and self -contained environment. Process of change is the major issue that is
faced by tourism. The change in environmental and social factors have a great impact on the
industry. The increase in unique demand of visitors such as Eco and Wildlife tourism has
become major issue for tour operator The other issue is that developing and emerging countries
do not have enough funds to promote tourism and influence traveller’s choice related to selection
of destination.
Some moral and ethical issues are:
The Local community of Budapest did not get much benefited from the tourism. Visitors
were restricted to purchase goods from destination. Various infectious disease rate also
increased. There is rise in Violence. Environmental issues.
The moral and ethical issues are that the government should render the straight data about the
destination as this will help the tourist to examine the destination. It is major responsibility of
them to provide the accurate as well as reliable information to the visitors or guest about their
accommodation and hotel. The unethical practices is that when hotel or restaurant owner does
not take responsibility health and safety of tourist.
TASK 5
5.1 Comparing present issues related to tourism development in Budapest and emerging
destination
The biggest change that have been observed in travel and tourism industry is the entry of
emerging and developing countries like Budapest. It is giving the stiff competition to other
countries in terms of tourism. Sometimes it becomes difficult for tourism industry to fulfils the
demand of visitors.

Ghana has been selected as emerging destination that has been surrounded by mountains
and with flora as well as fauna. The Economic condition of local people at Ghana is not good
because of high population, lack of effective investment policies or strategies of government.
The Ghana is the destination where the people belong to various culture. As Ghana is the
developing country the people are less educated and have poor living standard. With the
development of the tourism, the countries are facing environmental issues. In the context of
Thailand, the increased level of pollution, deforestation, soil erosion is the main issues.
The other the developed country that is chosen for comparison is Budapest. The biggest
change that have been observed in travel and tourism industry is the entry of emerging and
developing countries like Budapest. It is giving the stiff competition to other countries in terms
of tourism. But there are some issues that have been encountered and that are creating various
barriers in success and growth of country. The biggest issues that has been faced by country is
limited resources and increase in demand of tourist.
5.2 Evaluating with suggestion the future development of tourism in both Destinations
After analysing the overall aspect of travel and tourism industry. It has been suggested
that there are various issues that are to be handled and at the same time it has been identified that
the tour and travels companies at Budapest Destination want to perform well in market and
wants to enhance brand image. As it has been analysed that there are various trends in the travel
and tourism industry that have high possibility that they will be continue with their change. The
major change has been identified in developing countries and has become most popular but there
are still area of improvement. The investment that are made by government in travel and tourism
industry should not be evaluated in terms of quality it is required to be evaluated in terms of
quality. It is very essential for country to make unique offering in order to differentiate
themselves with other countries (Litvin, Goldsmith and Pan, 2008,)
It is required by government to take significant initiatives for the development of destination
Such as developing transportation facilities.
Better and effective connectivity of main road and main roads.
Renovation of hotels and resort.
Preservation of heritage and culture in Budapest

The sign board on roads' side and main road should in English language so that it could be easily
understandable by visitors.
The price of goods and services should be minimised.
Appointment of tourist guides.
In Ghana Economic condition is poor due to lack of investment, educational facility, job
opportunities etc. are creating barriers in the economic development of country. In Budapest also
has faced economic crisis but with the effective measures of the government the country was
able to improve its economic conditions.
Ghana is a developing Destination so there are different kinds of cultural people. It is famous for
its culture and food. In this culture both kind of people belongs such as rich as well as poor. As
this is hinder the tourism because they are fond of the culture. On the other hand In Budapest,
has high social growth and affective culture.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the study that tourism have both positive and negative impact
on social, economic and environmental factors. The various constituent has been identified that
has great effect on organisation that are operating in tour and travel industry. It has been
concluded from report that developing and emerging countries has to put their extra efforts in
establishing good position in market and attracting more of visitors to visit. It has been analysed
that tourism in contributing a lot towards economic development of country. It has been
identified from the report that tourism development is very important in all aspects for economic
growth of the country. The assignment has concluded that Tourism industry has made significant
contributed a lot towards generation of employment for the people residing in Budapest.
It is suggested to the legal authority in Budapest to take significant action for protecting
the natural environmental as well as resources. As this factor may have negative effect on the life
of people.

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Sustainable development - concept and action, 2005 [Online] Available through:
<http://www.unece.org/oes/nutshell/20042005/focus_sustainable_development.html>

Developmental.