Understanding Sustainable Tourism and its Stakeholders in Romania

This essay discusses sustainable tourism and its principles for development in Romania. It examines the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in decision making and the macro and micro environmental factors affecting the tourism industry. The essay also suggests measures for developing sustainable tourism in Romania.

ROMANIA TOURISM

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Tourism can be defined as people belonging to different nations travelling to and from
various countries in order to live in a city or a place for not more than 12 months. The major
reasons that influence and convince an individual into travelling includes leisure, business and
other purposes. The tourism industry all over the world is a major contributor in the economy of
a country across the world. The present essay will be based on Understanding the tourism
environment and its stakeholders in Romania. The present essay will define the concept of
sustainable tourism and its principles for sustainable tourism development in the Romania. It will
also discuss the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders in the process of decision making
and will also aim to examine the macro environmental factors that affects the tourism
destination.
MAIN BODY
The sustainable tourism can be defined as those practices of Tourism industry that are
environment friendly and aims to minimize all the negative impacts associated with the
operations and functioning of tourism industry and enhance all the positive outcomes associated
with the same (Iosif,. and Gurgu, 2019). The negative impacts associated the tourism sector
includes damaging and harming the environment of a destination, overcrowding which in turn is
a cause of many problems such as traffic jams, overpriced markets and many more. On the other
hand, the positive impacts that are linked with tourism include an increase in the employment
within a country, preservation of wildlife and natural environment at a particular destination.
There are several principles associated with the concept of sustainable tourism in Romania.
These principles of sustainable tourism in Romania includes making use of resources justifiably,
minimizing the over utilization of resources and also minimizing the waste, supporting the local
economy of the country, increasing the rate of employment within the nation, promoting the
tourism of a country responsibly and many more (Socoliuc, and et.al 2020). The sustainable
tourism refers to a concept that allows a particular country into making use of their existing
tourism in such a way that helps the country in enhancing their environment and the economy as
well. Making use of the resources in a justified manner in a particular location allows the
residents of that location to enjoy the available resources for a long period of time and also allow
them use the same in order to get the business out of them for a longer period of time. It has been
determined that another principle that helps the Romanian tourism in the development of

sustainable tourism is minimizing the waste within the country and also reducing the over
consumption of the resources within the country. The over utilization of resources might increase
the cost of the government of that region in order to avail the required resources. Also, it is the
responsibility of the tourism industry to support and promote the local activities at the destination
that helps the country in eliminating the environmental damage caused. Thus, this principle of
sustainable tourism is also practiced by the government of Romania. According to principles
followed by the Romanian government in context of tourism within the country, consulting the
parties that are related to the tourism industry is all beneficial for a country. This is so because,
there are times, when different organizations, institutions, have to work together with the local
population of the country. Therefore, consulting with the stakeholders falling within the category
of tourism industry helps them in resolving the conflicts that might arise while working and thus,
helps them in bringing an effective outcome.
A stakeholder can be described as an individual or a party who is interested in the
operations and functioning of a particular industry. In other words, it can also be described as an
individual or a party that might be affected with the operations and functioning of a particular
industry or vice versa (Mitrică, and et.al 2021). It has been identified that there are majorly four
stakeholders that are related with the tourism sector in Romania. These stakeholders include the
tourists, businessman, government of the particular location and the residents belonging to a
particular country. The tourists are considered as one of the most important stakeholders within
the tourism sector. Tourist are the ones that visits a place, spends money when they visit a
particular destination, contribute to the economy of the region by providing them with an
opportunity to create new jobs and increate the rate of employment within the country. Similarly,
the local people or the residents living in a particular location are also helps in the development
of sustainable tourism in a particular location. When tourist visits a place, the residents of that
location gets affected because of the changes that they have to face in their routine lives such as
traffic jams, overpriced products within the market (Mateoc-Sîrb, and et.al 2022). Therefore,
consulting the residents and the local public of the country before making any kind of important
decisions is important. The government provides budget for the development of a particular
place. The government is the one that passes the required budget that helps the local public in
developing a particular region, developing the spots that will help the residents in increasing the

consumer attraction within that place and also provides opportunities in order to develop
employment opportunities for the citizens living in that place.
There are certain factors that affects the tourism industry in the Romania. These factors
have their own set of advantages and disadvantages associated with the tourism industry existing
in the Romania (Madsen, and Grønseth, 2022). It has been identified that there has been made
significant changes in in the immigration law within the European countries across the world.
This has made it difficult for the tourists belonging to countries that does not fall within the
Europe a little more difficult to visit then it was before. Similarly, it has made it difficult for the
visitors to visit Romania too. It has been determined that current the tourism industry within the
Romania has been affected negatively because of the recent recession. It has been found out that
there are many airlines that work within the country for a very low profit margin (Iosif,. and
Gurgu, 2019). However, they have faced major difficulties due to the recession. As per the
results of a result survey, it has been identified that the standard of living of a number of people
living within the European Countries such as Romania has increased to a great extent. Also, the
life expectancy rate has also increased within the European Countries. This has provided the
older population living within the Romania to travel more often. Similarly, it has been noted that
around 60% of the aging population of Europe will be able to travel as and when it is required by
them. It has been noted that the constant technological advances have also affected the
operations of the travel agents within the country.
It has been determined that tourism affects the environment of a country including Romania
(Iagaru, ). Too much of tourism within a particular location might create traffic and thus, in turn
lead to different kinds of pollutions such as air pollution because of traffic, leads to noise
pollution and also affects the quality of river flow because of the polluting air. This has been a
factor that affects the tourism within the Romania. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the
government of Romania to take certain steps that could be used in order to enhance the
environment of a particular region. Moreover, the competition policy that has been formulated
by the European Union keeps an eye on the tour operators in order to ensure that they do not
make use of wrongful practices for the purpose of making money.
Just like macro environmental factors, there are various micro environmental factors that
affects the operations and functions of the tourism industry in Romania (Bălan, Bodoni, 2019).
The micro environment of the tourism industry in Romania includes suppliers, customers,

tourists, competitors, general public. It has been determined that when the number of visitors in
the Romania increase, it also allows the hotels, restaurants and other lodges to attract an
increased number of customers within the country providing them with what has been required
by the visitors within the country. The kind of the customers that visits a particular location
affects the demand of tourism in that region, and also affects competition. Similarly, it has been
determined that the business or hotel groups that have their own group of hotels within Romania
have good relations with suppliers within the country as well as outside the national boundary.
This allows the hotels to make a variety of food products available for the tourists visiting their
nation. This allows the hotels and other businesses falling within the tourism sector in a country
to attract a wide range of customers in the forms of tourists in their country. This helps the
entrepreneurs of Romania in expanding their business and enhancing the level of satisfaction of
the tourists visiting the country (Anton, Micu, and Rusu, 2021). The increased efficiency in the
business enterprises of the Romania helps them in enhancing the customer satisfaction within the
country and enhance the economy of a particular country. The tourism sector is one of the
leading contributors of the economy of a particular nation. There are different hotels that provide
the customers or the tourists with a wide range of products that helps them in enhancing the level
of customer satisfaction with what has been provided to the customers.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that there are various factors that affects the
operations and functioning of the tourism industry within the boundaries of the Romania. The
present essay provides an overview of all the macro environmental factors and the micro
environmental factors affecting the tourism industry in the Romania. The macro environmental
factors that affects the tourism sector includes the political, economic, social, technological, legal
and environmental factors. On the other hand, the micro environmental factors include the
customers or the tourists, the government of a particular country, business enterprise, the
competitors and the local residents of a country that gets affected by the operations of tourism
industry in a specific country. The present report also aims to suggest the different countries
across the world including Romania to take the required measures in order to develop sustainable
tourism within the country.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Anton, C., Micu, A.E. and Rusu, E., 2021. Multi-criteria analysis of the mass tourism
management model related to the impact on the local community in Constanta city
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Bălan, M., DEVELOPMENTS OF THE ROMANIAN BALNEARY TOURISM AT THE
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Bodoni, C., 2019, March. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIGITAL DIPLOMACIES FROM
NETHERLANDS AND ROMANIA. In International Scientific Conference" Strategies
XXI" (Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 133-147). " Carol I" National Defence University.
Iagaru, R., THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF RURAL TOURISM SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT. THE CHALLENGES OF COMMUNICATION, p.9.
Iosif, A.N. and Gurgu, E., 2019. Provisions Concerning The Organization Of Events For The
Promotion Of Products On The Pharmaceutical Market In Romania. Annals of Spiru
Haret University, Economic Series. 19(3). pp.111-126.
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Management and Marketing. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Mateoc-Sîrb, N., and et.al 2022. Sustainable tourism development in the protected areas of
Maramureș, Romania: Destinations with high authenticity. Sustainability. 14(3). p.1763.
Mitrică, B., and et.al 2021. Developing an indicator-based framework to measure sustainable
tourism in romania. a territorial approach. Sustainability. 13(5). p.2649.
Socoliuc, M., and et.al 2020. Sustainability reporting as a mixture of CSR and sustainable
development. A model for micro-enterprises within the romanian forestry
sector. Sustainability. 12(2). p.603.
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