System Analysis and Modelling Assignment 2022

Running Head: System Analysis and Modelling
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Table of Contents
Introduction:....................................................................................................................................2
System vision or business case:.......................................................................................................2
Problem description:....................................................................................................................2
System capabilities:.....................................................................................................................2
Anticipated business benefits:.....................................................................................................5
Stakeholder analysis:.......................................................................................................................6
Identification and description of relevant stakeholders:..............................................................6
Analysis and classification of the stakeholders:..........................................................................7
Rich picture:.....................................................................................................................................7
Event table:......................................................................................................................................9
Context diagram:...........................................................................................................................10
Assumptions:.................................................................................................................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................13

2SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Introduction:
BusRider is an online company that provides an online bus ticket reservation system.
This is a web application that can work within a central network system. This project represents
the overview of online bus ticketing platform. It can be used in the transportation system, this
system is used to reserve seats, cancel a reservation and several route enquiries that any traveller
can use while booking a seat. BusRider provides a system that can manage and automate the
traditional
Ticket booking system. It maintains every customer, bus details and reservation details.
System vision or business case:
Problem description:
Currently, bus services providers are using a manual-based system that is time-
consuming and the staff required to sell the tickets in the tickets counter. With the current
system, bus service providers are facing many problems. Most of the customer does not want to
go to the counter to buy a bus ticket. Nowadays every customer using a smartphone and they are
finding a way to book their bus ticket from home. To get every information, a traveller needs to
go to the ticket counter and stand in queue for a long time to get their answer. Currently, the bus
service provider only accepts the cash at the counter. But most of the customer is not
comfortable with cash. Besides, there is no automatic system that can book tickets online.
Solutions:
To resolve the above issues, bus service providers want to implement an online system
that can perform many tasks online. They are contacted with the BusRider Company. They are
providing an online ticketing platform that is helpful for service providers as well as customers.
After implementing this system a customer can book bus tickets and they also get to know bus
types, bus schedule, departure and arrival date and time.
System capabilities:
BusRider online bus reservation system is developed to automate ticket booking system
through a website. With this system, a traveller can book and manage their reservations. It also
provides seat availability, schedule routes, seat map so that every traveller can choose their seat
as per their likeness. This system can send a ticket through email and SMS to the customer. A

3SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
customer can book as many tickets they want. With the help of this system, a customer makes
their payment by providing card details. The functional and non-functional requirements of this
system are discussed below:
Functional requirements:
The functional requirements identify the specific functions that a system can perform,
along with their operating data. The functional requirements of this system are discussed below:
Registration:
A traveller can search for bus without registration but to book a ticket they need to
register first on the BusRider website. Unregistered traveller can get every option except booking
options. A traveller needs to provide all the necessary information for the registration. They can
use their email or mobile number to access the website. After successful registration, they can
book bus tickets.
Login:
A traveller needs to login into this system to book bus tickets. Without a log in this
system only provides limited feature like search results, bus schedule and other basic operation.
Forget password:
This system has a forget password option. By using this option, a user can retrieve their
password. This system will send a link to the registered mobile number and their email address.
A traveller can reset their account by following few steps.
Purchase a bus ticket:
A registered traveller can purchase bus tickets on the website. In order to book a ticket,
they need to login to the system first. If a new customer visits the website for the first time, they
need provide few details such as first and last name, their age, country name, their current
address, mobile number, e-mail address and a password. However, a customer can also book a
ticket by providing their card number, expiry date and CVV code for the payment. One customer
can buy one or multiple bus tickets at a time. A traveller can choose a bus type and
Select Ticket:
A customer can select their ticket on this website. They do not require to login to perform
this operation. Without login, any traveller can check bus tickets, check bus schedule, timing and
the fare.
Notification system:

4SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
This system has a robust notification system, that can provide every information to
traveller. When a customer purchases a ticket, this system sends e-tickets to their registered
mobile number and email address.
Flexible ticket option:
This is one of the best features in this system. This system offers flexible and non-flexible
tickets as well. Flexible tickets are expensive compare to non-flexible tickets. And a traveller can
book one-way tickets with return tickets.
Payment:
Payment is one of the main functional requirements of this system. A traveller can book
their tickets online. With the help of a simple web browser, they can complete their payment. By
providing their card details, expiry date and CVV number a traveller can book their ticket. This
system will send an OTP to traveller’s registered mobile address. After providing the OTP
payment will be completed and traveller will get their e-ticket in their email address and mobile
number.
Generates printable bus tickets:
Printable bus tickets are one of the main requirements in this system. When a traveller
completes their transaction, this system will generate an e-tickets and send it to their register
registered email address. E-tickets contains the tickets number and details of their journey. If a
customer fails to purchase a ticket, this system will send an exception message.
Non-functional requirements:
The non-functional requirements can address the aspects of a specific system rather than
specify the functions it performs. These aspects can be system costs, performance, and few
general characteristics such as reliability, portability and security. The non-functional
requirements also identify the aspects of the system that is in development phase. The non-
functional requirements are discussed below:
Accessibility:
Anyone can use this website. The simple and user-friendly user interface can be accessed
from any person. Every page can be accessible even a user uses slow internet connection. A
disabled person can use this website to book a bus ticket. A tool name “screen magnifier” is
available on this website.
Availability:

5SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
The online bus E-ticket booking system is available 24/7. A user can book their ticker
from their mobile or computer by using a web browser. To develop this system a roust database
is used. This database can perform several functions without any failure.
Confidentiality:
This system will use special encryption method to store travel’s password and every
confidential information. This system uses a secure payment gateway that can protect privacy.
Efficiency:
With the help of advanced technology like cloud computing, big data and different social
networks, this system can manage every workload. This system can capable enough to restart the
system within 60 seconds. This system can send a notification to the user within 1 second.
Within 15 seconds this system can send over 100 notification to the user. A user can use any
system to use this system and they ill not face any latency problem.
Integrity:
A user can see the decimal value in the payment page so that they can get exact fare of
bus tickets. The precision of fare calculation can be shown in this system.
Reliability:
This system is developed by experienced web developer and latest technology like big
data and cloud computing provides a reliable component. After thirty minutes of inactivity, this
system required to log in again for further operation.
Usability:
Any adult person can use this website within one hand. A person who does not know the
English language can also use this system.
Anticipated business benefits:
With the help of an online e-ticket booking system, bus service providers can do many
things. There are many benefits to using an online e-ticket booking system. some of them are
mentioned below:
 With the help of the online system, the bus provider can sell their ticket 24/7. They are
not required to closed ticket counter every day. Online booking system provides 24 hours
a day and seven days a week.
 Another business benefit is when a traveller cancels their ticket online another person can
book that slot. Bus providers does not require to find other people to fill the empty seat.

6SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
 With the help of online payment system, bus providers can get their money directly in the
bank account. They do not require to go bank frequently to deposit their money.
 Organization can get every traveller information with the help of this system.
 This system can automatically send email and text messages to the customers. Bus
service providers does not require to manually send email and messages. It will save their
time as well.
 A traveller can get their ticket in an email. Authority does not require to print their tickets
manually.
Stakeholder analysis:
Identification and description of relevant stakeholders:
This section of the project defines the various stakeholders in this system. Identification
and description of relevant stakeholders are discussed below:
Customer:
In this system customer or the traveller is one of the main stakeholders in this system. A
customer can register in this system by providing their email, title, password, first and last name,
address, age and phone number.
Ticketing Manager:
Ticketing manager can send various offers to the BusRider through a special Internet
form. And BusRider implement those offer in the tickets. Ticketing manager can also update the
ticket inventories in this system. They also can delegate the tasks of updating online ticket
inventories to a ticketing officer or receptionist.
Ticketing Officer/Receptionist:
A Ticketing Officer or Receptionist can update the ticket inventories and enter every
ticket information in the online bus ticket booking system.
Bus Service Provider:
Bus service providers can send various offers to the BusRider company and they can
update ticket inventory in this system.
BusRider:
BusRider provides the e-ticket booking platform. To enhance the ticket selling process,
bus service providers sign a contract to the BusRider to implement a new system that can

7SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
automate several tasks. BusRider provides the ticket information on the website and receive
every ticket data from the bus service providers. They receive the list of available tickets for sale
from the ticketing manager through a special Internet form. They can also receive through e-
mail, fax or in person. If they receive physical form then administrative officer manually enters
that information into the system.
Analysis and classification of the stakeholders:
The list of the stakeholders and their classes are defined below:
Stakeholder
Class
Stakeholder Class Keys Interests Importance to System Influence
to System
Primary Traveller - Book bus tickets.
- Check bus schedule.
- System user.
- Purchase tickets
High
Secondary Ticketing Manager - Send various offers to
the BusRider.
Provide input to the
systems.
Medium.
Secondary Ticketing
Officer/Receptionist
- Update ticket
inventories.
- Enter every ticket
information
Provide input to the
systems.
Medium.
Primary Bus Service
Provider
- Send various offers to
BusRider.
- Update ticket inventory
Provide input to the
systems.
High
Primary BusRider - Provides the e-ticket
booking platform.
- Ticket information on
the website
- Provide input to the
systems.
- Receive
information.
High
Rich picture:
The rich picture is one type of graphical technique that can be used to display various
purposes in a system. This diagram is used to understand the situation and it also can solve many
problems within a system. The rich picture of online bus E-ticket booking system is followed:

8SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Figure 1: Rich picture of online bus ticket booking system.
(Source: Created by author)
After examining the rich picture, a person can model the situation. In this picture bus
service providers sign a contract with BusRider to implement their new online bus ticket booking
system that automate their tasks. The ticket manager, receptionist and ticket officer can monitor
the ticket inventory and send every ticket information to BusRider. In this rich picture, customers
are communicating with the system through email and text message. A customer can use their
mobile phone or computer to use the system. A customer can search for tickets and get seat
status. After determining the seat status, they can select a ticket. If a customer is new in the
system, they must complete their registration before booking a ticket. After providing every
information a customer can book a ticket by proving their card details. After approval from the
bank, BusRider get money and send e-ticket through the mail and as a form of a text message.

9SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Event table:
The following Event table can define every event in this system. As per the case study
complication following event, the table is created. The event table of online bus ticketing
booking system are discussed below:
Event
Number
Event Trigger Source Use case Response
1 Search for a bus service Ticket
enquiry.
Customer Search for a
bus service
Provide bus details.
2 Select one of the service
providers
Book a ticket Customer Select one bus
service
providers
Service provider
selected
3 Select a ticket Ticket
selection
Customer Select a ticket Ticket is selected
4 Purchase a ticket Book a bus
ticket
Customer purchase a
ticket
Ticket is successfully
booked.
5 Register an account Purchase Bus
tickets
Customer Purchase a Bus
ticket.
Registration successful.
6 Check bus route Purchase Bus
tickets
Customer Check a bus
route.
Provide Bus route
details.
7 Journey start time Check bus
services
Customer Select journey
start time
Journey start time is
selected.
8 Check Seat availability When a
traveller
wants to buy
a bus ticket
Customer Check seat
availability.
Display seat status.
9 Enter passenger details. Book a ticket Customer Add passenger
details.
Passenger details are
added
10 Payment When a
traveller
wants to buy
Customer payment Payment is successful.

10SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Event
Number
Event Trigger Source Use case Response
a bus ticket
11 A ticket without registration When a
customer does
not have an
account.
Customer Book a ticket
without
registration
Ticket booking is
successful.
12 Generates printable bus
tickets
Print ticket System Print a ticket Ticket is successfully
generated.
13 e-mails an e-ticket Purchase a
ticket
System e-mails an e-
ticket
e-ticket is successfully
sent.
14 SMS ticket Purchase a
ticket
System SMS ticket to
customer
SMS is sent.
15 Generate an exception
message
Fail to
purchase a
ticket
System Generate an
exception
message
Exception message is
sent.
Context diagram:
The context diagram of the proposed system is providing below:

11SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Figure 2: Context diagram on online bus ticket reservation system
(Source: Created by author)
Assumptions:
Many assumptions were made while creating this project. Assume that:
 When a customer visits the website, the first home screen will pop up with a welcome
message.
 A traveller can log in or register into the system by providing their email, phone number
or social identity.
 A forget password option available in the system. This option will help a customer to
recover their account.
 A magnifying tool is available in this system. This tool can help a disabled customer to
navigate the website.

12SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
 A sitemap is provided at the bottom of every page. Sitemap will help a person to navigate
the website.
 A customer can complete their payment with a credit card. Apart from the credit card
they can use debit card and PayPal.
 A new customer is eligible for free first ride.
 A customer can get 50% off in their second transaction.
 A customer can hire a bus for a certain period of time.
 A customer can cancel their ticket by proving their ticket number. If they cancel a ticket
after 24 hours of departure time, they will get 50% money back in their account.
Otherwise, they will get their 100% money back.
 A help option is available on the website. By using this option a customer can get any
type of help during payment.
 Women and old age people can get unique benefits.
 A customer can choose their desirable seats.
 A customer can track their bus by proving the bus number.
 Reschedule tickets can be done from the website.
Conclusion
Thus, it can be concluded that the overall system will bring many advantages to bus
service providers, some facts need to be considered. This system can 24/7 available to the
customer. When the internet is down, this system will pause every operation and every
information is continuously stored in the system. If a customer changes their mind after booking,
they will get refunded. This system will help to increase the productivity of bus service
providers. An international customer can also book their ticket from home by using just a web
browser from their mobile or computer.

13SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
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