Health and Safety in the Workplace - OSH

TABLE OF CONTENT
1) INTRODUCTION
1.1) THE IMPORTANT OF OSH IN WORKPLACE
• WHO ESTABLISH WORKPLACE HEALTH AND SAFETY?
• REASONS FOR MAINTAINING WORKPLACE HEALTH AND SAFETY
• WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY IS IT?
• EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE RESOURCE
• COMMITMENT AND EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT
• WORKSITE ANALYSIS
1.2) OSH RISK IN THE WORKPLACE IN ORDER TO TAKE ACTION EFFECTIVELY
AND EFFICIENTLY
• HOW CAN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH BE MANAGED?
• POLICY - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY
• WORKER PARTICIPATION
• ORGANIZING – ORGANIZING
• COMPETENCE AND TRAINING
• OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION
• COMMUNICATION
• PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION - INITIAL REVIEW
• SYSTEM PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
• OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH OBJECTIVES
• HAZARD PREVENTION - PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES
• MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE
• EMERGENCY PREVENTION, PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
• PROCUREMENT – CONTRACTING
• EVALUATION - PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT
• INVESTIGATION OF WORK-RELATED INJURIES, ILL HEALTH, DISEASES AND INCIDENTS, AND
THEIR IMPACT ON SAFETY AND HEALTH PERFORMANCE
• AUDIT
• ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE ACTION
• PROVIDING SUPERVISION
1.3) INFORMATION FROM OSH ACT 1994 IN WORKPLACE

1.4 OSH RISK MANAGEMENT
• WHAT IS A RISK ASSESSMENT?
• HOW DO YOU PLAN FOR A RISK ASSESSMENT?
• HOW ARE THE HAZARDS IDENTIFIED?
• HOW ARE RISKS RANKED OR PRIORITIZED?
• WHAT ARE METHODS OF HAZARD CONTROL?
• WHAT DOCUMENTATION SHOULD BE DONE FOR A RISK ASSESSMENT
CONCLUSION

THE IMPORTANT OF OSH IN WORKPLACE
INTRODUCTION
Human resources are one of the most important features of many
business’ success relies heavily on the effectiveness to which this resour
Policies and practices used by the firm, set out the standards to which th
aspire. They are designed to govern the operation of the business; espec
economy where there is such a rise in service This topic is of importance
it has proven to be a neglected field in today’s corporate world; especiall
In this regard, this paper seeks to highlight the importance of Workplace
safety to the business, to develop an understanding of how its effective m
can affect the performance of a business, outline how this can be effectiv
out with the interest of the company in mind.
It is often said that, “the health of a nation is the wealth of a nation” (Fra
same concept applies to business. The health and safety of a com
resource is an enormous contributor to the success of that business. Hum
account for a large proportion of many company’s’ costs; it is the people
drive a business.
WHO ESTABLISH WORKPLACE HEALTH AND SAFETY?
The health and safety of a workplace is established through different sou
on a national level occupational health and safety is instituted in accorda
regulations that were created by legislative decisions and is enforced and
by agencies such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (
On a national and/or on a company level there are also instances of regu
by a safety representative. This can be self-requested or legally mandate
to ensure that companies follow the stipulated guidelines that are set to
safety and health of the workplace. Also, from a corporate standpoint, the
safety standards of the company can be established by the declaration o
Company’s general worker manual and/or in the separate manual set asi
laying out, the standards by which the company seek to keep its work en
and the people that use it safe and healthy. A more informal, but still an
method is employee observation. This is simply employees reporting haz
unnoticed to the inspection representative and/or management.
These options are in place to ensure accordance of a company to monito
the health and safety of the workplace, and to maintain it. In-adherence o

set by the above regulatory bodies can result in an employer being fined
to jail time.
REASONS FOR MAINTAINING WORKPLACE HEALTH AND
There are reasons why a business should maintain a safe and healthy wo
purges the environment of possible risks to everyone that uses the
organization’s productivity is directly related to the health and safety of i
Therefore,proper health and safety practicessafeguard the productivity
employees. When the workforce is unhealthy it affects productivity;
quality. Proper practices maintain the health of the workers and it protec
rights; the human right to a safe and healthy environment and the huma
safe and healthy workplace.
A major reason for maintaining health and safety in the workplace is that
so cost too much. The consequences of not up keeping proper hea
practices can range from having expensive monetary pay-outs, to death
workplace). Other repercussions are
Lower productivity levels – sick or injured worker do not produce the sam
quantity as do health workers.
Poor quality products and services – the direct relation between quality o
and quality of products or service they produce.
High levels of complaints from customers – lower quality of produc
delivered to customers would make them unhappy.
Loss of customers and subsequently lower revenues – if the quality of the
isn’t addressed it can result in a loss in the customer base and later loss
because of lower sales.
Higher costs – this increase in cost can come from different sources inclu
of insurance claims for damages, cost of substitution for sick or inj
(training and wages), and benefits for sick or injured workers.
Higher staff turnover – as persons get sick or injured on the job they tend
the health and safety practices of the workplace are dreadful employees
stay therefore higher turnover.
Poor industrial relations – poor health and safety practices would attract a
unions who fight for the rights of employees.

Thus, addressing safety and health issues in the workplace saves the em
and adds value to the business (OSHA). When workers remain safe and h
direct cost-savings to businesses include:
• lower workers’ compensation insurance costs
• reduced medical expenditures
• smaller expenditures for return-to-work programs
• fewer faulty products
• lower costs for job accommodations for injured workers
• less money spent for overtime benefits
Safety and health also result in substantial decreases in indirect cost (OS
This is as a result of:
• increased productivity
• higher quality products
• increased morale
• better labour/management relations
• reduced turnover
• better use of human resources
Employees and their families benefit from safety and health because (OS
• their incomes are protected; no financial shock because of illness o
• their family lives are not hampered by injury; no loss of income des
because of illness and injury
• they have less stress; because of a com
Workplace health and safety extend way beyond the boundaries of the w
families of workers and other users of the worksite can also be impacted
safety in the workplace (OSHA).
It is of a misconception that health and safety in the workplace only enta
that there aren’t any hazards on the worksite however it should be noted
hazard can be the employees themselves. Employees who are sick (comm
communicable), who have a drug or alcohol problem, who have ps
problems can also pose great threat to the health and safety of others in
Violent employees can also be classified as a hazard. In this regar
individual together with the worksite is necessary; drug.

WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY IS IT?
The health and safety of a workplace should be part of the business’ HR s
should be an initiative that is deeply rooted into the culture of a business
person should be responsible for it. Given this, all employees, supervisors
managers should undergo training in this area to suit their position. Mana
especially should possess an attitude that support good health and safety
because it is usually mirrored by employees; if the manager care about h
safety, the employees will do too (OSHA)
Both the employer and the employee are responsible for ensuring that th
is healthy and safe for all users. Employers are legally obligated to maint
provide a working environment that is conducive for comfortable operatio
also have to provide safe systems of work and facilities that would sustai
of its employees. They are also responsible for providing employees with
information, instruction, training and/or supervision that is needed to ens
workers are safe during operations no matter the job. As a result of this r
to ensure employees are safe at work, an employer may institute regulat
policies that would call for the attention from and compliance of employe
Employees are also expected to play a part in ensuring proper health and
the workplace. They are to make certain their own personal health and sa
that of other persons in the workplace; whether colleague, customer, sup
Importantly, workers are expected to adhere to the directions given by m
to guarantee health and safety. If workers are to ignore these directives i
hazard in the workplace not only for themselves but also for others.
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE RESOURCE
Each workplace is different and dynamic. Therefore, the strategy used to
manage the human resource should also be different and dynamic. This s
should include clear and concise plans for the addressing the types of acc
and exposing the health and safety hazards that could occur at the works
An effective plan, as based upon the safety and health program managem
guidelines given by OSHA in January 1989 is the Four Point workplace Pro
The Four Point Workplace Program as its name suggests, it is a program
contains four elements in approaching optimum effective health and safe
standards. These elements

COMMITMENT AND EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT
The manager or management team leads the way, by setting policy, assi
supporting responsibility, setting an example and involving employees.
WORKSITE ANALYSIS
The worksite is continually analysed to identify all existing and potential
• Hazard Prevention and Control
• Methods to prevent or control existing or potential hazards are put
maintained.
• Training for Employees, Supervisors and Managers
• Managers, supervisors and employees are trained to understand an
worksite hazards.
HOW CAN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH BE MAN
Managing safety and health is an integral part of managing a business. Businesses need to do a ris
assessment to find out about the hazards and risks in their workplace(s) and put measures in place
effectively control them to ensure these hazards and risks cannot cause harm to worke
Occupational safety and health, including compliance with the OSH
pursuant to national laws and regulations, is the responsibility and
employer. The employer should show strong leadership and commit
activities in the organization,and make appropriate arrangementsfor t
establishment of an OSH management system. The system should contai
elements of policy, organizing, planning and implementation, evaluation

for improvement, as shown in figure
Figure 1. Main elements of the OSH management system
This section provides information on what employersneed to consider wh
managing health and safety and assessing the risks in their workplace. It
they can follow the continual improvement approach as shown above.
In this section:
• Policy
• Organizing
• Planning and implementation
• Evaluation
• Action for Improvement
• Controlling the risks
• Accidents and Investigations
• Multi-employer workspaces
• Deciding who can help employers with their duties
• Consulting workers

• Providing training and information
• Providing supervision
• First aid
• Safety signs
POLICY
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY
The employer, in consultation with workers and their representatives, sho
writing an OSH policy to which they are committed and which is commun
workers.
WORKER PARTICIPATION
Worker participation is an essential element of the OSH manageme
the organization.
The employer should ensure that workers and their safety and health rep
are consulted, informed and trained on all aspects of OSH, includin
arrangements, associated with their wo
The employer should make arrangements for workers and their safe
representatives to have the time and resources to participate actively in
of organizing, planning and implementation, evaluation and action for im
of the OSH management syste
The employer should ensure, as appropriate,the establishmentand efficie
functioning of a safety and health committee and the recognition of work
and health representatives, in accordance with national laws and practice
ORGANIZING
RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY
The employer should have overall responsibility for the protection of wor
and health, and provide leadership for OSH activities in the organizat
The employer and senior management should allocate responsibility, acc
and authority for the development, implementation and performance

managementsystem and the achievementof the relevant OSH objectiv
COMPETENCE AND TRAINING
The necessary OSH competence (includes education, work experience an
a combination of these) requirements should be defined by the em
arrangements established and maintained to ensure that all persons, in p
and young workers have been trained and are competent to carry out the
health aspects of their duties and responsibilit
The employer should have, or should have access to, sufficient OSH comp
identify and eliminate or control work-related hazards and risks, and to im
OSH management syste
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SY
DOCUMENTATION
According to the size and nature of activity of the organization, the OSH m
system documentation should be established and provided to all m
organization so that management and workers fully comprehend the
duties and responsibilitiesand how OSH is managed in the organizat
COMMUNICATION
Arrangements and procedures should be established and maintained for:
receiving,documentingand responding appropriatelyto internal and exter
communications related to OSH;
ensuring the internal communication of OSH information between relevan
functions of the organization; and
ensuring that the concerns, ideas and inputs of workers and their represe
OSH matters are received, considered and responded to.
PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION
INITIAL REVIEW
The organization’s existing OSH management system and relevant ar
should be evaluated by an initial review, as appropriate. In the case wher

management system exists, or if the organization is newly establishe
review should serve as a basis for establishingan OSH managementsyste
SYSTEM PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATI
The purpose of planning should be to create an OSH management
supports:
• as the minimum, compliance with national laws and regulations;
• the elements of the organization’s OSH management system; and
• continual improvement in OSH performance.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH OBJECTIVES
Consistent with the OSH policy and based on the initial or subsequ
measurable OSH objectives should be established, which are:
• specific to the organization, and appropriate to and according to its
nature of activity;
• consistent with the relevant and applicable national laws and regul
the technical and business obligations of the organization with rega
• focused towards continually improving workers’ OSH protection to
best OSH performance;
• realistic and achievable;
• documented,and communicatedto all relevant functions and levels
the organization; and
• periodically evaluated and if necessary updated.
HAZARD PREVENTION
PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES
Hazards and risks to workers’ safety and health should be identified and
an ongoing basis. Preventive and protective measures should be impleme
following order of priority:
• eliminate the hazard/risk;
• control the hazard/risk at source, through the use of engineering co
organizational measures;
• minimize the hazard/risk by the design of safe work systems,
administrative control measures; and
• where residual hazards/risks cannot be controlled by collective mea
employer should provide for appropriate personalprotectiveequipme

including clothing, at no cost, and should implement measures to e
and maintenance.
MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE
The impact on OSH of internal changes (such as those in staffing
processes, working procedures, organizational structures or acquisitio
external changes (for example, as a result of amendments of natio
regulations,organizationalmergers,and developmentsin OSH knowledge a
technology) should be evaluated and appropriate preventive steps taken
introduction of chang
EMERGENCY PREVENTION, PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
Emergency prevention, preparednessand response arrangementsshould b
established and maintained. These arrangements should identify the
accidentsand emergencysituations,and address the preventionof OSH ris
associated with them. Quick and effective action may help to ease the sit
reduce the consequences. However, in emergencies people are more like
reliably if they:
• are well trained and competent;
• take part in regular and realistic practice;
• have clearly agreed, recorded and rehearsed plans, actions and res
The arrangements should be made according to the size and natur
the organization.
PROCUREMENT
Procedures should be established and maintained to ensure that:
compliance with safety and health requirements for the organization
evaluated and incorporated into purchasing and leasing specifications;
national laws and regulations and the organization’s own OSH requir
identified prior to the procurement of goods and services; and
arrangements are made to achieve conformance to the requirements prio

CONTRACTING
Arrangements should be established and maintained for ensuring that
the organization’s safety and health requirements, or at least the equival
applied to contractors and their workers.
EVALUATION
PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT
Procedures to monitor, measure and record OSH performance on a
should be developed, established and periodically reviewed. This activity
many subject areas can be studied to establish what is working well and
be improved. Responsibility, accountability and authority for monitoring a
levels in the management structure should be allocat
INVESTIGATION OF WORK-RELATED INJURIES, ILL HEALT
DISEASES AND INCIDENTS, AND THEIR IMPACT ON SAFE
HEALTH PERFORMANCE
The investigation of the origin and underlying causes of work-related inju
diseases and incidents should identify any failures in the OSH manageme
and should be document
Such investigations should be carried out by competent persons, with the
participation of workers and their representat
The results of such investigations should be communicated to the safety
committee, where it exists, and the committee should make appropri
recommendations.
AUDIT
Arrangements to conduct periodic audits are to be established in order to
whether the OSH management system and its elements are in place, ade
effective in protecting the safety and health of workers and preven
An audit policy and programme should be developed, which includes a de
auditor competency, the audit scope, the frequency of audits, audit meth
reporting.

The audit includes an evaluation of the organization’s OSH managem
elements or a subset of these, as appropria
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE ACTION
Arrangements should be established and maintained for preventive
action resulting from OSH managementsystem performancemonitoring a
measurement, OSH management system audits and management re
arrangements should include:
identifying and analysing the root causes of any non-conformities with re
regulations and/or OSH management systems arrangements; and
initiating, planning, implementing, checking the effectiveness of and
corrective and preventive action, including changes to the OSH managem
itself.
When the evaluation of the OSH management system or other sou
preventive and protective measures for hazards and risks are inadequate
become inadequate, the measures should be addressed according to the
hierarchy of prevention and control measures, and completed and docum
appropriate and in a timely manner.
CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
Arrangements should be established and maintained for the continual im
of the relevant elements of the OSH management system and the system
CONTROLLING THE RISKS
RISK ASSESSMENTS
As part of managing the safety and health of the organization, the emplo
identify the hazards and control the risks in their workplace. To do this th
think about what might cause harm to workers and others and decide wh
are doing enough to prevent th
This process is known as risk assessm

Risk assessment is about identifying and taking sensible and proportiona
to control the risks in the workplace, not about creating huge amounts of
Organizations are probably already taking steps to protect their workers,
assessment will help them decide whether they should be doing mo
Employersshould think about how accidentsand ill health could happena
concentrate on real risks – those that are most likely and which will cause
harm.
For some risks, national legislation may require particular control measu
The organization’s assessment will help identify whether it needs to look
risks and these particular control measures in more det
Mandated control measures should be assessed as part of the overall risk
IDENTIFY THE HAZARDS
One of the most important aspects of the risk assessment is accurately id
potential hazards in the workplace. An unidentified hazard cannot b
Employers in conjunction with their workers can start by walking around
and thinking about any hazards. In other words, what is it about t
processes or substances used that could injure workers or harm th
WHO MIGHT BE HARMED?
Then think how workers (or others who may be present such as contracto
might be harmed. Asking the workers what they think the hazards are is
they may notice things that are not obvious and may have some good ide
to control the ris
For each hazard employers need to be clear about who might be harmed
them identify the best way of controlling the risk. That doesn’t mean listi
by name, but rather identifying groups of workers/peo
EVALUATE THE RISKS
Having identified the hazards, organizations then have to decide how like
harm will occur, i.e., the level of risk and what to do about

What they must do is make sure they know about the main risks and the
need to do to manage them responsibly. Generally, they need to d
‘reasonably practicable’ to protect people from har
RECORD THE FINDINGS
It is good practice if organizations make a record of their significant findin
hazards, how people might be harmed by them and what is in place to co
risks. Any record produced should be clear, practical and focused on cont
The paperwork produced as part of the risk assessmentis intended
assist organizations to communicate and manage the risks in their busine
this does not need to be a complex exercise – just note the main points d
the significant risks and what was conclud
REGULARLY REVIEW THE RISK ASSESSMENT
Few workplaces stay the same. Sooner or later, organizationswill bring in ne
equipment, substances and procedures that could lead to new hazards. S
sense to review what is being done an ongoing basis, the risk assessmen
reviewed and organizations should ask themselves:
• Have there been any significant changes?
• Are there improvements still needed to be made?
• Have workers spotted a problem?
• Have we learnt anything from accidents or near misses?
• Organizations must make sure the risk assessment stays up to date
ACCIDENTS AND INVESTIGATIONS
Employers should monitor the effectiveness of the measures they put in place to contro
the risks in their workplace. As part of the monitoring, they should invest
to ensure that corrective action is taken, learning is shared and an
improvements are put in pla
Investigations will help them to:
• identify why their existing control measures failed and what improv
additional measures are needed;

• point to areas where the risk assessment needs reviewing;
• improve risk control in the workplace in the future.
Reporting incidents not stop employers from carrying out their own inves
ensure risks in their workplace are controlled efficiently. An investigation
in itself, but the first step in preventing future adverse events that includ
• occupational accidents;
• occupational diseases;
• dangerous occurrences;
• commuting accidents.
Are these matters being reported to the correct authorities in a timely ma
accordance with national legislati
MULTI-EMPLOYER WORKPLACES
Where employers share workplaces (whether on a temporary or permane
need to co-operate with each other to comply with their respective health
obligations. Many national OSH systems have specific requirements to en
safety on multi-employer worksi
Each employer needs to take all reasonable steps to co-ordinate the mea
adopt to fulfil those obligations. They also need to tell the other employe
risks their work activities could present to their employees, both on
These requirements apply to self-employed people where they share a w
other employers or where they share a workplace with other self-employ
DECIDING WHO CAN HELP EMPLOYERS WITH THEIR DUT
Employers should appoint someone competent to help them meet their s
health duties. A competent person is someone with the necessary skills,
and experience to manage safety and health. In many cases, employers
risks in their own business best. This will mean that they are the compete
can carry out the risk assessments themsel

CONSULTING WORKERS
Workplaces where workers are involved in taking decisions about safety and health are
safer and healthier. It is therefore vital that employers consult wor
representatives (if present) on all matters that affect occupational safety
Collaboration with workers helps employers to manage safety and health
way by:
• helping them spot workplace risks;
• making sure safety and health controls are practical;
• increasing the level of commitment to working in a safe and health
• providing them with feedback on the effectiveness of their safety a
arrangements and control measures.
Employers must consult all their workers, in good time, on safety and hea
In workplaces where a trade union is recognized, this will be through unio
health representatives. In non-unionized workplaces, they can consult either directly or
through other elected representat
Representatives’ main role is to talk to their employer about issues affec
and health of workers they represent in the workplace. Employers should
any representatives receive paid time off during normal working hours so
carry out their duties. They should also receive suitable training and acc
facilities needed to help them in their ro
Consultation involves employers not only giving information to work
listening to them and taking account of what they say before making dec
safety and health. Employers have to give workers or their representative
to allow full and effective participation in consultat
This should include:
• risks arising from their work;
• proposals to manage and/or control these risks;
• what to do if workers are exposed to a risk;
• the best ways of providing information and training.
PROVIDING TRAINING AND INFORMATION
All workers need to know how to work safely and without risks to health.
must provide clear instructions, information and adequate training for the
Workers also have responsibilitieswith regards to safety andhealth includ

cooperating with their employers and following the instructions they have
Employers must not forget contractors and self-employed people who ma
for them and make sure everyone has information on:
• hazards and risks they may face;
• measures in place to deal with those hazards and risks;
• how to follow any emergency procedures.
Some workers may have particular training needs, for example:
• new recruits need basic induction training in how to work saf
arrangements for first aid, fire and evacuation;
• people changing jobs or taking on extra responsibilities need to kno
any new safety and health implications;
• young workers are particularly vulnerable to accidents and employ
pay particular attention to their needs, so their training should be a
is also important that new, inexperienced or young workers a
supervised;
• worker representatives or safety representatives will require tr
reflects their responsibilities;
• some people’s skills may need updating by refresher training.
The employer’s risk assessment should identify any further training need
with specific risks. If they have identified danger areas in their workplace
ensure that their workers receive adequate instruction and training on p
they must take before entering these are
Employers also need to think about any legal requirements for specific jo
employers introduce new equipment, technology or changes to worki
practices/systems, their workers will need to know about any new safety
implications.
Workers also have responsibilities under international labour standards w
to safety and health namely to:
• take care of their own safety and health and that of others;
• co-operate with employers to help them comply with their obligatio
• follow any instructions or safety and health training employers prov
• tell employers about any work situations that present imminent and

• let you know about any other failings they identify in your safety an
arrangements.
PROVIDING SUPERVISION
Employers must provide an adequate and appropriate level of supervision for th
workers;
Supervisors need to know what is expected from them in terms of safety
They need to understand the employer’s safety and health policy, where
and how the employer wants safety and health managed.
Supervisors may need training in the specific hazards of the employer’s p
how the risks are expected to be controlled.
New, inexperienced or young people, as well as those whose first languag
of the country, are very likely to need more supervision than others. Emp
ensure workers know how to raise concerns and supervisors are fa
possible problems due to unfamiliarity, inexperience and communication
Supervisors need to ensure that workers in their charge understand risks
with the work environment and measures to control them.
Supervisors will need to make sure the control measures to protect again
to date and are being properly used, maintained and monitored.
Employers must also ensure they have arrangements in place to check th
contractors is being done.
Effective supervision can help employers monitor the effectiveness of the
people have received,and whether workers have the necessarycapacity a
competence to do the jo
FIRST AID
Employers need to assess their first-aid requirements to help them decide wh
equipment and facilities they need, and how many first-aid personn
provide.
The minimum first-aid provision in any workplace is:
• a suitably stocked first-aid box;

Employers also need to put up notices telling their workers where they ca
• the first-aiders or appointed persons;
• the first-aid box.
Their assessment may also indicate that they should provide a first
particularlywhere their work involves certain hazards, including some of th
in chemical industries and on large construction sites or if required
legislation.
The self-employed should have equipment to be able to provide first aid
at work. They should make an assessment of the hazards and risks in the
and establish an appropriate level of first-aid provisi
If they carry out low-risk activities (e.g. clerical work) in their own home,
need to provide first-aid equipment appropriate to their normal domestic
their work involves driving long distances or they are continuously on the
assessment may identify the need to keep a personal first-aid kit i
SAFETY SIGNS
Employers must provide safety signs if there is a significant risk that can’
or controlled in any other way, such as through safe systems of work or e
controls.
There is no need for employers to provide safety signs if they don’t help
risk or if the risk isn’t significant. This applies to all places and activities w
are employed. The installed safety signs must be relevant there is
installing safety signs detailing equipment that is not required as this ten
that workers ignore all the signs and requireme
Employers should, where necessary:
• use road traffic signs in workplaces to regulate road traffic;
• maintain the safety signs they provide;
• explain unfamiliar signs to their workers and tell them what they ne
when they see safety signs.

INFORMATION FROM OSH ACT 1994 IN WORKPLACE
The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 or Act 514 provides
framework for the safety, health and welfare among all Malaysian w
principle is to prevent and protect the workers against hazards and
connection with their activities at work. It requires all companies to
document:
1. Safety and health policy,
2. Duties of the employer, employees and the safety and health officers,
3. The safety and health committee of companies, and
4. Occupational safety and health inspections and officers.
PURPOSE
The purposes of Act 514 are:
1. to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against haz
arising out of the activities of person at work;
2. to protect person at a place of work, other than persons at work, again
out of the activities of persons at work;
3. to promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is a
their physiological and psychological needs;
4. to provide the means whereby the associated occupational safet
legislation may be progressively replaced by a system of regulations and
industry codes of practice operating in combination with the provisions o
designed to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.
CONCEPT OF SELF-REGULATION
The provision of the Act 514 is based on the self-regulation approach to s
particular industry or organization and to establish effective safety
organization and performance. Its primary responsibility is to:
1. ensure safety and health of work lies with those who create the risks, a

2. those who work with the risks. This law also encourages cooperation, c
and participation of employees and management in efforts to improve th
of safety and health in the workplace
ROLE OF AUTHORITY
1. Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), a government
under the Ministry of Human ResourcesMalaysia is responsiblefor, throu
enforcementand promotional works, those employers,self-employedperso
manufacturers, designers, importers, suppliers and employees to always
and health work culture, and always comply with the existing legislation,
and codes of practice in relation to Occupational Safety and Health.
2. DOSH also evaluate and review the legislation, policies, guidelines and
practice from time to time pertaining to occupational safety, health and w
basis in ensuring safety and health at work.
3. DOSH is also the secretariat to National Council for Occupational Safet
a council established under section 8 of the Occupational Safety and Hea
4. The National Council for Occupational Safety and Health shall have the
all things expedient or reasonably necessary for or incidental to the carry
objects of this Act
IMPLEMENTATION
1. All employers with more than 5 employees are required by the legislat
a written Safety and Health Policy. The objective is to demonstrate the co
the employer or company to ensure safety and health in the workplace.
2. Safety and Health Policy must be taken into account when making de
performing work activities of the organization.
3. This law also specifies the general duties of
(a) Employers;
(b) Self-employed persons;
(c) Manufacturers, designers and suppliers;
(d) Employees,

(f) The appointment of a safety and health officer and
(g) The enforcement, investigation and offenses. (Please refer to Act 514
Safety and Health for the details of their role, responsibility and accounta
RISK ASSESSMENT
WHAT IS A RISK ASSESSMENT?
Risk assessment is a term used to describe the overall process or method
• Identify hazards and risk factors that have the potential to
(hazard identification).
• Analyze and evaluate the risk associated with that hazard (risk a
risk evaluation).
• Determine appropriate ways to eliminate the hazard, or con
when the hazard cannot be eliminated (risk control).
A risk assessment is a thorough look at your workplace to identify
situations,processes,etc. that may cause harm, particularlyto people. Aft
identification is made, you analyze and evaluate how likely and severe th
this determination is made, you can next, decide what measures should b
effectively eliminate or control the harm from happening.
The CSA Standard Z1002 "Occupational health and safety - Hazard identi
elimination and risk assessment and control" uses the following terms:
Risk assessment – the overall process of hazard identification, risk anal
evaluation.
Hazard identification – the process of finding, listing, and characterizin
Risk analysis – a process for comprehending the nature of hazards and
the level of ri
Notes:
(1) Risk analysis provides a basis for risk evaluation and decisions about
(2) Information can include current and historical data, theoretical analys
opinions, and the concerns of stakehold
(3) Risk analysis includes risk estimation.
Risk evaluation – the process of comparing an estimated risk against gi
to determine the significance of the risk.

Risk control – actions implementing risk evaluation decisio
Note: Riskcontrol can involve monitoring, re-evaluation,and compliancew
decisions.
For definitions and more information about what hazards and risks are, p
OSH Answers document Hazard and Risk.
WHY IS RISK ASSESSMENT IMPORTANT?
Risk assessments are very important as they form an integral part of an o
health and safety management plan. They help to:
• Create awareness of hazards and risk.
• Identify who may be at risk (e.g., employees, cleaners, visitors,
the public, etc.).
• Determine whether a control program is required for a particula
• Determine if existing control measures are adequate or if more
done.
• Prevent injuries or illnesses, especially when done at the design
stage.
• Prioritize hazards and control measures.
• Meet legal requirements where applicable.
WHAT IS THE GOAL OF RISK ASSESSMENT?
The aim of the risk assessment process is to evaluate hazards, then remo
or minimize the level of its risk by adding control measures, as necessary
you have created a safer and healthier workplace.
The goal is to try to answer the following questions:
a. What can happen and under what circumstances?
b. What are the possible consequences?
c. How likely are the possible consequences to occur?
d. Is the risk controlled effectively, or is further action required?
WHEN SHOULD A RISK ASSESSMENT BE DONE?
There may be many reasons a risk assessment is needed, including:
• Before new processes or activities are introduced.

• Before changes are introduced to existing processes or activities
when products, machinery, tools, equipment change or new
concerning harm becomes available.
• When hazards are identified.
HOW DO YOU PLAN FOR A RISK ASSESSMENT?
In general, determine:
• What the scope of your risk assessment will be (e.g., be specific
you are assessing such as the lifetime of the product, the physic
the work activity takes place, or the types of hazards).
• The resources needed (e.g., train a team of individuals to
assessment, the types of information sources, etc.).
• What type of risk analysis measures will be used (e.g., how exac
parameters need to be in order to provide the most relevant eva
• Who are the stakeholders involved (e.g., manager, supervis
worker representatives, suppliers, etc.).
• What relevant laws, regulations, codes, or standards may a
jurisdiction, as well as organizational policies and procedures.
HOW IS A RISK ASSESSMENT DONE?
Assessments should be done by a competent person or team of individua
a good working knowledge of the situation being studied. Include either o
or as sources of information, the supervisors and workers who work with
under review as these individuals are the most familiar with the operation
In general, to do an assessment, you should:
• Identify hazards.
• Determine the likelihood of harm, such as an injury or illness occ
its severity.
o Consider normal operational situations as well as non
events such as maintenance, shutdowns, power outag
emergencies, extreme weather, etc.
o Review all available health and safety information about th
such as Safety Data Sheet (SDS), manufacturers literature
from reputable organizations, results of testing, workplace
reports, records of workplace incidents (accidents),includ
information about the type and frequency of the occurren

o Understand the minimum legislated requirements for yo
jurisdiction.
• Identify actions necessary to eliminate the hazard, or control the
the hierarchy of risk control methods.
• Evaluate to confirm if the hazard has been eliminated or i
appropriately controlled.
• Monitor to make sure the control continues to be effective.
• Keep any documents or records that may be necessary. Docume
include detailing the process used to assess the risk, outlining a
evaluations, or detailing how conclusions were made.
When doing an assessment, also take into account:
• The methods and procedures used in the processing, use,
storage of the substance, etc.
• The actual and the potential exposure of workers (e.g., how man
may be exposed, what that exposure is/will be, and how often th
exposed).
• The measures and procedures necessary to control such exposu
of engineering controls, work practices, and hygiene practices a
• The duration and frequency of the task (how long and how often
done).
• The location where the task is done.
• The machinery, tools, materials, etc. that are used in the operat
they are used (e.g., the physical state of a chemical, or lifting he
a distance).
• Any possible interactions with other activities in the area a
could affect others (e.g., cleaners, visitors, etc.).
• The lifecycle of the product, process or service (e.g., design, con
uses, decommissioning).
• The education and training the workers have received.
• How a person would react in a particular situation (e.g., what wo
most common reaction by a person if the machine failed or malf
It is important to remember that the assessment must take into account
current state of the workplace but any potential situations as well.
By determining the level of risk associated with the hazard, the employ
health and safety committee (where appropriate), can decide wheth
program is required and to what level.

HOW ARE THE HAZARDS IDENTIFIED?
Overall, the goal is to find and record possible hazards that may be prese
workplace. It may help to work as a team and include both people familia
work area, as well as people who are not - this way you have both the ex
fresh eye to conduct the inspection. In either case, the person or
competent to carry out the assessment and have good knowledge about
being assessed, any situations that might likely occur, and protectiv
appropriate to that hazard or risk.
To be sure that all hazards are found:
• Look at all aspects of the work.
• Include non-routine activities such as maintenance, repair, or cle
• Look at accident / incident / near-miss records.
• Include people who work off site either at home, on other job sit
teleworkers, with clients, etc.
• Look at the way the work is organized or done (include experien
doing the work, systems being used, etc).
• Look at foreseeable unusual conditions (for example: possible i
hazard control procedures that may be unavailable in an e
situation, power outage, etc.).
• Determine whether a product, machine or equipment can be int
or unintentionally changed (e.g., a safety guard that could be re
• Review all of the phases of the lifecycle.
• Examine risks to visitors or the public.
• Consider the groups of people that may have a different level of
young or inexperienced workers, personswith disabilities, ornew
expectant mothers.

It may help to create a chart or table such as the following:
Example of Risk Assessment
Task Hazard Risk Priority Cont
Delivering product to
customers
Drivers work alone May be unable to call for help
if needed
Drivers have to occasionally
work long hours
Fatigue, short rest time
between shifts
Drivers are often in very
congested traffic
Increased chance of collision
Longer working hours
Drivers have to lift boxes when
delivering product
Injury to back from lifting,
reaching, carrying, etc.
HOW DO YOU KNOW IF THE HAZARD WILL CAUSE HARM
RISK)?
Each hazard should be studied to determine its' level of risk. To research
you can look at:
• Product information / manufacturer documentation.
• Past experience (knowledge from workers, etc.).
• Legislated requirements and/or applicable standards.
• Industry codes of practice / best practices.
• Health and safety material about the hazard such as safety
(SDSs), research studies, or other manufacturer information.
• Information from reputable organizations.
• Results of testing (atmospheric or air sampling of workplac
swabs, etc.).
• The expertise of an occupational health and safety professional.
• Information about previous injuries, illnesses, near misses, incid
etc.
• Observation of the process or task.
Remember to include factors that contribute to the level of risk such as:
• The work environment (layout, condition, etc.).
• The systems of work being used.
• The range of foreseeable conditions.
• The way the source may cause harm (e.g., inhalation, ingestion,
• How often and how much a person will be exposed.
• The interaction, capability, skill, experience of workers who do t

HOW ARE RISKS RANKED OR PRIORITIZED?
Ranking or prioritizing hazards is one way to help determine which risk is
serious and thus which to control first. Priority is usually established by ta
account the employee exposure and the potential for incident, injury or i
assigning a priority to the risks, you are creating a ranking or an action lis
There is no one simple or single way to determine the level of risk. Nor w
technique apply in all situations. The organization has to determine which
will work best for each situation. Ranking hazards requires the kno
workplace activities, urgency of situations, and most importantly, objectiv
For simple or less complex situations, an assessment can literally be a di
brainstorming session based on knowledge and experience. In some case
or a probability matrix can be helpful. For more complex situations
knowledgeable personnel who are familiar with the work is usually neces
As an example, consider this simple risk matrix. Table 1 shows the relatio
probability and severity.
Severity ratings in this example represent:
• High: major fracture, poisoning, significant loss of blood, serious
or fatal disease
• Medium: sprain, strain, localized burn, dermatitis, asthma, injury
days off work
• Low: an injury that requires first aid only; short-term pain,
dizziness
Probability ratings in this example represent:
• High: likely to be experienced once or twice a year by an individ
• Medium: may be experienced once every five years by an indivi
• Low: may occur once during a working lifetime

The cells in Table 1 correspond to a risk level, as shown in Table 2.
These risk ratings correspond to recommended actions such as:
• Immediately dangerous: stop the process and implement contro
• High risk: investigate the process and implement controls imme
• Medium risk: keep the process going; however, a control p
developed and should be implemented as soon as possible
• Low risk: keep the process going, but monitor regularly. A
should also be investigated
• Very low risk: keep monitoring the process
Let's use an example: When painting a room, a step stool must be used t
areas. The individual will not be standing higher than 1 metre (3 feet) at
assessment team reviewed the situation and agrees that working from a
1 m is likely to:
• Cause a short-term injury such as a strain or sprain if the individ
severe sprain may require days off work. This outcome is similar
severity rating.
• Occur once in a working lifetime as painting is an uncommon ac
organization. This criterion is similar to a low probability rating.
When compared to the risk matrix chart (Table 1), these values correspo
risk.

The workplace decides to implement risk control measures, including the
with a large top that will allow the individual to maintain stability when st
the stool. They also determined that while the floor surface is flat,
training to the individual on the importance of making sure the stool's leg
on the flat surface. The training also included steps to avoid excess reach
painting.
WHAT ARE METHODS OF HAZARD CONTROL?
Once you have established the priorities, the organization can decid
control each specific hazard. Hazard control methods are often grou
following categories:
• Elimination (including substitution).
• Engineering controls.
• Administrative controls.
• Personal protective equipment.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO REVIEW AND MONITOR THE
ASSESSMENTS?
It is important to know if your risk assessment was complete and accurat
essential to be sure that any changes in the workplace have not i
hazards or changed hazards that were once ranked as lower priorit
priority.
It is good practice to review your assessment on a regular basis to make
control methods are effective.
WHAT DOCUMENTATION SHOULD BE DONE FOR A RISK
ASSESSMENT?
Keeping records of your assessment and any control actions taken is very
You may be required to store assessments for a specific number of years
local requirements in your jurisdiction.
The level of documentation or record keeping will depend on:
• Level of risk involved.
• Legislated requirements.
• Requirements of any management systems that may be in place

Your records should show that you:
• Conducted a good hazard review.
• Determined the risks of those hazards.
• Implemented control measures suitable for the risk.
• Reviewed and monitored all hazards in the workplace.
CONCLUSION:
The success of a business rests to a large degree on the quality of the wo
successful management of this crucial resource is critical.
The Employer has a responsibility to ensure that his/her employees are s
and so may institute regulations and policies to ensure this. It is now the
responsibility of the employee to make certain that they follow these rule
employee, one has rights and responsibilities for their own wellbeing and
their colleagues and by extension the public (customers) (OSHA).” The ke
success of a safety and health plan is to see it as a part of the business o
to see it reflected in the day-to-day operations. As the implemented plan
incorporated into the business culture, health and safety consciousness w
engrained into the psyche of everyone. (OSHA). Protecting people on the
everyone’s best interest – our economy, our communities, our fellow wor
families. Safety and health add value to businesses, workplaces and lives

Table of Content
ANNUAL OSH POLICY

Table of Content
Faculty/College/Centre UniversityPortfolio
Schedule of Safety & Health Management Activities
This form should be read in conjunction with the OSH Policy and Procedure
The sequence of activities associated with Safety, Health and Environment during the course of a calendar year.
End-of-Year meeting of Quarter 1 meeting of Quarter 2 meeting of Quarter 3 meeting of
University OSHE University OSHE University OSHE University OSHE
Committee Committee Committee Committee
Meeting 7 of OSHE
Meeting 1 of OSHE Meeting 3 of OSHE Meeting 5 of OSHE committeecommittee committee committee
Meeting 8 of
Meeting 2 of Meeting 4 of Meeting 6 of OSHE committee
OSHE committee OSHE committee OSHE committee
End-of-Year
Summary
Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 OSHE Reports
Summary Summary Summary and Next-Year
OSHE Reports OSHE Reports OSHE Reports OHS Plans
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Authorised by:
University Safety, Health and Environment
Policy Committee
Document Owner: OSHE directorate Current Version: 07/09/2010
Page 1 of 1 Review Date: 01/12/2013

Table of Content
QUARTERLY SUMMARY OSHE REPORT
Report review shall consist of ACTIVITY, TASK, PROJECT, ITEM OF PLANT,
LOCATION etc. Send report to University OSHE Unit together with minutes of the meeting.
1. Faculty/Centre/College/Unit Name:
2. Quarter: 1/2/3/4 (circle as appropriate)
3. Year:
4. Meetings of the OSHE meeting held during the quarter
Meetings held on the following dates:
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
4. ____________________
HIRARC reviews conducted during the quarter
MONTH REPORT REVIEWED MAIN RISK CONTROL
OUTCOMES
1.
2.
3.
Other Relevant Safety and Health Issues
Specify here:

Table of Content
OSHE COMMITTEE REPRESENTATIVES
REPRESENTATIVES Name Contact
No. Email Appointed
date
1. Management
representative
2. Staff
representatives
3. Technical
advisor
4. Others

Table of Content
OSH INDUCTION CHECKLIST
1. General
Ensure the workplace or workstation has the necessary equipment and features for their health and
safety.
Ensure that pre-existing conditions for job task have been implemented.
2. OSHE representation
Introduce new staff to local OSHE representative.
Explain role of OSHE representative, and OSHE committee at university and local level.
Explain process for reporting hazards and resolving safety issues.
Outline current OSHE committee operating within Faculty/College/Centre.
3. Prevention
Outline, and demonstrate if necessary, the role of employee in safety and health requirements:
• personal protective equipment;
• hazard identification, risk assessment and control;
• consultation;
• safeguards for the introduction of new plant and substances; and
• safe manual handling methods, etc.
Ensure that a new employee is in possession of appropriate personal protective equipment.
Show new employee the location of safety devices (eg. emergency stops, fire extinguishers, eye
wash and emergency showers, break-glass alarms, etc).
Outline hazards present in employee's workplace and outline the relevant risk control measures.
4. Incidents
Instruct new employee to report all incidents to Supervisor/Manager.
Inform new employee that all injuries should be attended to by First-Aider (where available).
Introduce new employee to area First-Aider/s.
5. Emergencies and Evacuations
Take new employee to floor/building Emergency Floor Plan (if provided) and outline Local
Emergency Instructions.
Show evacuation routes and assembly point.
Explain different evacuation alarm tones (if applicable).
Staff Name: ____________________ Signature:
Supervisor/Manager’s Signature: ________________________________ Date: ____________________
Please Note:
For casual or sessional employees, this form is to be completed, signed and retained by the
Faculty/College/Centre.
For continuing or fixed-term appointments, this form is to be completed, signed and forwarded to Human
Resources for inclusion in the Personnel file.

Table of Content
(Source: Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia. 2011.
Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS))
Example of the OSH Training Plan
OSH TRAINING PLAN AND SCHEDULE
ORGANISATION: <Insert Organisation’s Name>
OSH
TRAINING
MODULE
JAN FEB MAC APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
<Insert
OSH
Training
Module
test>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Module
test>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Module
test>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Module
test>
(Source: Guideline on Occupational Safety and Health Management System, 2011)

Table of Content
(Source: Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia. 2011.
Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS))
Example of OSH Training Record Form
OSH TRAINING RECORD
<Insert Organisation’s Name>
<Insert Year>
Date Worker
Name
<Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
Insert OSH Training
module test>
<Insert
Date>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Participant
Name>
<Insert
Date>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Participant
Name>
<Insert
Date>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Participant
Name>
<Insert
Date>
<Insert
OSH
Training
Participant
Name>
(Source: Guideline on Occupational Safety and Health Management System, 2011)

Table of Content
Types and Hierarchy of Control Strategies
attempted first. May mean discontinuing dangerous work
practices or removing dangerous substances/equipment. e.g.,
using machine to do repetitive manual activity, discontinuing a
noisy machine/process or completely
removing asbestos from workplace.
2. PREVENTION OR
REDUCTION OF
EXPOSURE
Other options that can be used alone, or in combination, to
prevent or reduce exposure to risk. May include engineering
methods.
2a. Substitution of
material, process or
equipment
Replacing the hazard with one that presents lower (and more
manageable) risk. e.g., replacing glass with plastic, using a less
hazardous chemical or vacuuming rather than sweeping.
2b. Modification
(redesign) of
equipment, work
process or work
environment
Requires thinking about ways work could be done differently to
make work safer, such as rearranging aspects of workplace,
modifying equipment, combining tasks, changing procedures to
eliminate hazardous steps, changing sequence of tasks in job
and/or reducing frequency of performing dangerous task. e.g.,
using a trolley to move heavy loads, placing guards on moving
parts of machinery, controlling chemicals through ventilation, or
modifying exhaust systems to reduce noise.
2c. Isolation or
separation
Isolating or separating the hazards from the person, or the person
from the hazards. e.g., enclosing or guarding dangerous
equipment, placing barriers around a spill until cleaned up, or
using remote-controlled handling equipment for hazardous
processes.
3. TEMPORARY,
LAST-RESORT, OR
BACKUP MEASURES
Lowest in hierarchy of control strategies. Dependent on
appropriate human behaviour to work adequately. Requires very
robust management enforcement and commitment. Tend to be
less effective. Should NOT be relied on as primary means of risk
control until options higher up
hierarchy of control strategies attempted and exhausted.
3a. Administrative
controls
Reduction of exposure to risk through use of procedures or
instruction. e.g., job rotation to reduce exposure; instruction and
training in safe work procedures; or limited entry/time in
hazardous areas.
3b. PPE(Personal
Protective Equipment)
Worn by people as final barrier between themselves and the
hazards. Success dependent on PPE being chosen correctly;
worn; worn correctly; used correctly; and maintained in good
condition. Often more expensive in long term when costs of
maintenance, supervision and (potentially more)
injuries/diseases taken into account. e.g., ear muffs and ear
plugs; respirators; goggles; masks; hard hats.
(Source: Risk Management: Hazard Control Form AON/RM1, 2008, Department of
Occupational Safety and Health,Ministry of Human Resource, Malaysia)
(Source: Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia. 2008. Risk Management: Hazard Control form AON/RM1)
Strategy Notes
1. ELIMINATION Ideal solution. Most effective strategy and should always be

Table of Content
YES NO
YES NO
YES
YES
NO
STAFF IDENTIFIES OSH ISSUE
Staff reports issue to the Head
of Local Management
Head of Local Management defines corrective action in
consultation with Local OSHE committee
Is issue
resolved?
Head of Local Management report issue
to The Director of OSHE Unit. Enquires
for relevant expertise who meets with
them as soon as possible to define
corrective actions
END OF PROCEDURE
Contact The Director
of OSHE Unit
The Director of OSHE Unit
may refer issue to the Vice-
Chancellor or University
OSHE committee
Head of Local
Management take
immediate action
(incl. cease work
order if required)
Inform staffs concerned, complete
and circulate Hazard/Near-Misses
report or HIRARC Report and
implement solutions
Is issue
resolved?
Do all parties
accept the corrective
actions?
Does issue present
immediate and severe
risk?
NO
OSHE Reporting and Resolution Flowchart

Table of Content
HAZARD / INCIDENTS /ACCIDENT REPORT
1. This form must be used in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health
Procedures of reporting Hazard or Near-Miss.
2. The Top Local Management shall submit the completed form to the Director of OSHE
Unit within FIVE (5) working days from the day of reporting in Part 1.
Part 1(To be completed by Staff/Student)
1. Description of Hazard or Near-Miss or Accident:
2. Campus Skudai/KL
3. Faculty/Center/College
4. Precise location
5. Name of Management
Representative has been Reported
6. Name of OSHE Unit
Representative has been Reported
7. Name of Person Reporting
ID No. Contact No.
8. Date of Report
Part 2(To be completed by Head of Local Management)
Name of Head of Local Management:
Corrective Action Details of Person Responsible Completion Date
1.
2.
3.
Part 3 Signatures
Name of Head of Local
Management
Name of OSHE Unit
Representative
Name of Person Reporting
Date: Date: Date:
Authorised by: University Safety and Health Committee
Document Owner: Director of OSHE UMP Current Version:
Review Date: