Teenager Pregnancy: Causes, Issues, and Interventions

This document discusses the causes and issues of teenage pregnancy, focusing on adolescent mothers. It explores the major causes, such as lack of information and societal pressure, and examines the impact on the mother and child. The document also highlights interventions to reduce teenage pregnancy. The study is based on research conducted in the UK.

TEENAGER
PREGNANCY

Table of Contents
TITLE- “Teenager pregnancy”........................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
AIM .................................................................................................................................................2
OBJECTIVE ...................................................................................................................................2
QUESTIONS ..................................................................................................................................3
RATIONALE OF THE RESEARCH .............................................................................................3
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH.........................................................................................3
SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER...................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................4
Major causes of teenage pregnancy........................................................................................4
Issues raised because of early age pregnancy.........................................................................6
Awareness about the impact of early age pregnancy.............................................................8
Interventions for reducing the issues of teenage pregnancy...................................................9
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................10
RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................13
FINDING, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ........................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19

TITLE- “Teenager pregnancy”
INTRODUCTION
Teenager pregnancy is defined as the pregnancy in which women age is less than 20. As
per this the teen between 15 to 19 are included as teenager. It is also called as adolescent
pregnancy. In this pregnancy, the female is under the age of 20. Generally pregnancy is occur
with the sexual intercourse when female started to ovulate. In this, the first menstrual period
which is called as menarche but usually occur after the onset of period. In addition to this, the
pregnant teenager face various issue related with health and other biological changes in
immature age can cause more complications. There is another aspect of teenager pregnancy
which is avoided now day because of improper development of physical aspect which is not
permitted body to gain pregnancy or to give birth. For female which is under age 15 to 19 have
more risk as per the view of pregnancy because there are number of factor which is associated
with biological effect of age (Appleby and et. al., 2020). Some of the risk factor are low birth
weight, premature labour, anaemia and pre-eclampsia which is directly connected with biological
age of any female. After all controlling the factor which is create risk but there is other changes
of access which is called as prenatal care. As per this, the teenage pregnancy not also associated
with bilogical factor which affect their life but also their social and educational section. Many or
pregnant teen drop out of school and some never complete their education and that create hurdle
for their life. Their mental and physical status are being prepared in appropriate manner which
can take responsibilities of this kind of incident. In addition, there is also an aspect which is
taken as women who first got pregnant in their teen age then they have also chance to more than
one child. So, as per this teenage pregnancies have various of negative impact which is related
with the biological, social and economic factor (Ara and et. al., 2017).
BACKGROUND
Teenage pregnancy is was normal from the previous centuries and this is commonly
develop in 20 century. As per all the Norwegian women born early 1950s and nearly they
became teenage mother at the end of 1970s. The rate of decreasing the teenage pregnancy is
started from the 21 century when education was on their peak and government make awareness
program through digital or by camping method to various place in order to make an
understanding among people and now rate have been fallen gradually since then. There are
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various of intervention which is driven by several countries in order to reduce the number of
teenage pregnancies. They start to organise prevention techniques by using proper law and
creating national campaign to prevent the teen pregnancy (Barber and et. al., 2019).
The early motherhood can affect the psychosocial development of the child. The children
of teen are more likely to be born prematurely with the low birth weight, pre disposing, in the
condition of various life process. Children of the child mother have gain higher risk of language
and socio emotional delays. The developmental disabilities and behavioural issue are enhance for
the children who is born to teen mothers. There are various study which is conducted to the
adolescent mother are less likely in order to stimulate their infants through the behaviour issue to
the teen mothers. Poor academic performance in the children of teenage mother which has been
noted. As per this, the children which is being held back with a grade level, scoring lower on
standardised test and failing to graduate form the school which is secondary. The daughter born
to parent which is teen in age and more likely to become the mother themselves. Sons born to
teenage mother are three times.
The age of the mother is identified as the easily verified in that particular date as per the
end of pregnancy. As per all this is not associated with estimated date of conception.
Consequently, there are statistics do not include that began with the mother who is also
responsible for the began at the age of 19, but this all is ended on or often after the women of end
the age of 20 years age. Moreover, the marital status, are well determined by the determination
whether she is married at the end of pregnancy apart from the time of conception. Pregnant
teenage face various issue which is related with issue of other women. There are additional
concerns for those who is under the age 15 they are less likely to be physical developed to
sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth. Some of the risk associated with socio-economic
factor than the biological effect of the age. Risk of low birth weight, premature labour and
anaemia and connected with biological age (Moore, A. and Reynolds, P., 2018).
AIM
To identify the issues faced by Adolescent mothers because of early age pregnancy. A
study on UK.
OBJECTIVE
 To identify the major causes of teenage pregnancy.
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 To determine the issues raised because of early age pregnancy.
 To examine the ways for increasing awareness about the impact of early age pregnancy.
 To investigate the interventions for reducing the issues of teenage pregnancy.
QUESTIONS
 What are the major causes of teenage pregnancy?
 What are the issues raised because of early age pregnancy?
 What are the ways for increasing awareness about the impact of early age pregnancy?
 What are the interventions for reducing the issues of teenage pregnancy?
RATIONALE OF THE RESEARCH
The main reason of choosing this research is help to examine the causes and outcome of
the teenage pregnancy and what are the possible awareness is to examine the impact of early age
pregnancy. In this, the study is help in both the measurement which is about the personal and
professional development. As per the view point of professional, the merit of this topic generate
advantage of this investigation is all about the teenager pregnancies which help researcher in
dealing with the issue in effective manner that help an individual to know the fact and other
things. As per all, the personal perspective of this is to improve the consistent knowledge regards
with this. The cause, awareness and issue are discussed while taking the aspect of teenager
pregnancies. However, it is also provide and information in order to know the researcher about
the specific knowledge as per the topic of teenager pregnancy. In this it will require proper
investigation in the development of conducting the proper manner. Moreover, this help me in the
development of sound professional career in the aspect of future along with the effective
personality which can create a thought process about the causes and their limitations and what
are various issue. This all aspect is well determined in order to eradicate the problem easily.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH
As per this, the research indicate various outlook on the topic of teenage pregnancy and
in this there are various causes which is associated with this. The cause of teenage pregnancies
are must examine and this help to provide the knowledge and number of consequence which is
arise due to this. This research help to identify the various issue and cause in order to deliver the
report to eradicate this. The main importance is to conduct this research is to provide the
knowledge which is associated with the topic. There are various determination of relevant point
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in order to know the possible ways to reduce the rate of pregnancy which is associated with teen
pregnancy. This help to give the information which is related with teenage pregnancy such as
their enormous factor and several causes which used develop the teenage pregnancy. As per this,
the major sense of this researcher is to create awareness about the factor and issue which is
discussed.
SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER
As per the above discussion, teenage pregnancy is an issue which is arise now day in
increasing order. In addition to this, this teenage pregnancy is associated with various issue and
causes which is discuses later. There are number of factor which is linked with this and craete
life threatening issue for the mother who hold the child in a teen age. The child is also facing
various problem which is related with health issue. The improper development is faced by them
and this will develop more complex situation for mother and child both. As per this, there are
some complication which is associated with mother also, in this the chance may be critical due to
the immature pregnancy. The improper development of child in mother foetus is abnormal in
nature and this will cause more complication in pregnancy. Moreover, this create issue which is
associated with various factor that raise the life threatening issue.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Major causes of teenage pregnancy
According to the Daniel Thobejane, 2017 the teenager pregnancies is growing rapidly
among the school and ongoing pupil and this help to lead to the academic knowledge but due to
some the consequence the teenage mother leave the school to care for their children. In context
with this, the teenager mother are used to add to the number of women who are not as much
educated in the reason of various circumstance. As per this, the pregnancies which is ongoing
among the number of women are achieved the height of pandemic and this create number of
issue which is associated with the individual fraction of time. With regards to the rural area, the
number of cases are arises (Magoola, R., 2019). The rural people follow the traditional approach
on basis of this, they used to create the fraction of unit. In this, they used to take number of
action. The raising in the case of pregnancies is also due the less empowerment of women in the
martial right. They are taken as non important part of the society and this conflict are now day
going to to control by various implementation plan which is regulated by government. The
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awareness plan and other inspiration line are usually undertaken by authority to control the early
marriage which lead to control the teenager pregnancies. As per this, there are various study
found in the most of the teenager which is usually feel in the cope of pregnancies at the age of 16
to 19 year old. In this, the most of the teenager which is feel pregnant due the lack of the parental
guidance and role model in the rural areas (Factors influencing repeated teenage pregnancy: a
review and meta-analysis, 2017). The adolescent pregnant are use to make the global factor and
problem which help to occur the poorer and those community which is used in order to create the
marginal factor. There are number of girl face several forces which is best on parental guidance
that create pressure for them to consider the early marriage and become the mother. Teenager
pregnancy which used to enhance due to denial of the decision which is used make by girl in
order for their marriage. As per this, their sexual and reproductive health are also being affected
due to this. The well being of the girl is totally affected from this and they may cause various
issue which is associated with this. Overall the girl must be take care of their own decision and
used to make proper survey of their body and future which have access to the proper
management of the healthcare services and education which is based on their belief. Some of the
caused which is enhance the probability of the teenage pregnancy (Norton and et. al., 2017).
 Lack of information about the sexual and reproductive health and rights.
 Inadequate access to the services which provide the tailored condition for the young
people.
 The family and community and social pressure compress a girl for marry in the early age
and after they used to established the pressure of teenage pregnancy.
 The cause which may be arises due to the sexual violence.
 Child early marriage and forced marriage are used to affect the life of girl and sometime
this will create both cause and number of consequence in this.
 Lack of education which help to dropping out the school and they must low in their
education which is based on the particular sex knowledge.
There are other factor which is also associated with this to contribute in the teenager
pregnancies. In this, approx 90 percent of the girl which is come in the age of 18 to 20 in the
developing countries. This is occur due the imbalance of power. This also used to provide no
access to contraception and force the girl to prove their fertility and carry a child. In the main
cause of this which is usually often going the mind of parent and this is also analyse by child.
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Some of the factor which is help to raise the parental income and this help to extent of a girl
education which help to contribute (Obi and et. al., 2019). There are number of girl which is used
provide the accessibility where girl used to received the minimum education which established to
reduce the knowledge that is partially based on the sex education. This all the cause to become a
mother which is higher level of education. The pregnant girl in the teenage age are those who
drop out the school provide the limiting opportunities for the future concern which help to raise
the employment and perpetuating that cycle of the poverty which indirectly force them to marry.
In number of cases the girl used to perceive the ultimate pregnancy which make the better path
and better option which help to gone with the education.
Issues raised because of early age pregnancy
According to the view point of Sylvia Kirchengast, 2016 the teenager pregnancies and the
early motherhood are used to focus and cause which is going now day as the worldwide. As per
this, World health organisation state that about 16 million and more girls aging between 15 to 19
year old and in context with this, the one million younger girl which used to give birth of child
every year. Now day this component is a vast for those who is used to acquire the teenage
pregnancy. This is usually occur in the low and middle income countries which is characterised
by those who have not financial well in matter of this. Therefore, this all factor use to raise
number of complication during the pregnancy birth and post-partum phase (Pregnancy during
Adolescence and Associated Risks: An 8-Year Hospital-Based Cohort Study (2007–2014) in
Romania, the Country with the Highest Rate of Teenage Pregnancy in Europe, 2017).
Moreover, this all are estimated in that where three million of the teenage girl are used to
go for the abortion which is unsafe from the environment. In this, the analysis which is held in
this are usually may cause to create the consequence of the teenage pregnancy which is used to
adapted by the authority. As per this, the major of complication are cause in nature of biological,
medical and social aspect of the teenage pregnancy with exceptionally high standard in the
medical and various of social care (Okine and et. al., 2020).
Biological consequence of teenage pregnancy: The girl which is used to conceive from the
sexual intercourse which is used to take the started to came in the phase of ovulation. As per this,
the first ovulation which is started during the age of puberty and this is called the first bleeding
which knowns as menarche situation. In context with this, a girl may experience menarche in
their several ages. This is quite and difficult to estimate the mean age of the menarche
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worldwide. This is an significant difference which is caused by individual countries. This is also
based on the solo population as per with this country side. As per various research and analysis,
this is well identified as the adolescent age is started with the age of puberty which lead to
hormonal changes in the girl. Such as the activation of the hypothalamus pituitary gonad axis
which can be usually categorised in the section of early and late. The early adolescent is defined
as the the age of 15 years and less then it and as per the late adolescent is refer as the age of girl
which is lies between 16 year to 19 year. Moreover, the various viewpoint this is well examine
that the due to change in the environment and living standard of people the decline in the
menarcheal age is form and this create the number of consequence. This all aspect are used to
create number of factor (Osborne, C. and Ankrum, N., 2020). In this, they used to create the
improved living standard and condition and this also allow to infection control and help to
improve the power of nutrition. The enhancement in the conditions and sufficient food supply
which help to result in the earlier maturation which used to enhance the rate of ovulation after
the phase of menarche. As per enhancing in the number of adolescent used to developed the
interest in the sexual activities and constantly this also enable the rate of factor of sexually
transmitted disease which used to include the human immunodeficiency virus such as acquired
immune deficiency disease syndrome. Such as HIV and AIDS. But this also unintended
pregnancies and this all are associated with the medical risk of early childbearing such as teenage
girl.
Adverse effect of teenage pregnancy: As per this, the female reproduction which is risky and
create the doubtless pregnancy. This is independent of maternal age which help to develop the
phase which is critical phase in the life of mother and which is more and gaining the foetus.
Teenager pregnancy are used to create the special problem. The health consequence to the
teenage pregnancy are used in order to know the maternal age for a long time. The teenage
pregnancy used to monitor increase the risk which provide the indicators for monitoring and used
to elaborate the reproductive health. The classification of the teenager pregnancies which have to
understand the adverse medical effect of the teenage pregnancy. As per this, the risk of anaemia,
preterm labour, urinary tract infection and hypertension, pre-eclampsia and high rate of the
caesarean section but this is low in the preterm birth, low birth weight and intrauterine growth
restriction. However, the development of countries which is used to make the proper section of
teenager pregnancy such as this is associated with medical risk but this is also social problem
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because teenage motherhood has a number of cultural consequence which is for the mother and
child. As per this, the motherhood which is provided for the associated with the dropping out
from the school, low educational level and low income. The early pregnancy among the
adolescent which have major health circumstance which is for the mother and their child. As per
this, number of complication are arises due to the leading cause of the fatality and their age is 15
to 20 years old. The low and middle income age people for the global maternal death of women
ages such as 15 year to the 49 year. The teenage mother age which is used to carry a child is
more than 19 year because at the time of delivery biologically it bleed more and more and create
adverse effect in the condition of health. The risk are associated with the eclasmpsia and
systemic infection than women age is 20 year to 24 year. Moreover, there are some 3.9 million
which is unsafe in nature which is used to fix among the girl age which is lies between15 to 19
year. This create the fix from the health problem (Rouillon and et. al., 2018).
Awareness about the impact of early age pregnancy
According to the view point of Giliana M. Maxwell the sexuality play the significant role
in the lives of the male and female. As per this, they must need to recognise the need and want of
the sex education in order to enhance their standard of living. They used to suggest number of
theory which help to provide the and suggest various intervention in order to reduce the early
marriage concept and also make awareness program and camp to minimise the teenager
pregnancies.
The teen pregnancies awareness month: As per this, some of the month is encourage for the
effort to our younger peers. This month to create the intervention channel in various rural
management. This is use to create the mutual in respect in the relationships. Some of the person
which is educated in the aspect of the sex education. This raise awareness over the community.
Educate younger about the healthy relationships: In this, the healthy relationships which is
used to provide the presentation at various place which is positive in nature and higher number of
gathering. As per the selected place provide the proper knowledge which is based on the teenage
pregnancies and aware them about their complication and risk factor which is associated with
this (Teen pregnancy, 2012).
Invite a sex education speaker for the local youth which use to talk about the healthy
relationships: In this approach, they used to identified the various factor which is associated
with this. In context with this, they must invite a type influencer who use to make the call about
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the awareness site which create the camp and educate them with proper evidence. In this, the
educator must clear all the doubt which is linked with early marriage and teenage pregnancies.
This all are used to provide the information which may create number of complication with the
girl and may be situation my arise on the death.
Interventions for reducing the issues of teenage pregnancy
According to the John Wiley, 2020 there are number of intervention which is used in
order to prevent the teenage pregnancies this need to include various strategies and activity. The
sex education the basic criteria which is used to follow to reduce the number of complication
which is associated with this. The health education or counselling only, health education plus
skill building, health education plus contraception education and various mode of distribution.
There are various group which is used under the faith based group and individual that used to
design to enhance the knowledge and skill of the adolescent and prepare them attitude which is
based on the attitude risk of unwanted pregnancy. Promote to delay in the initiation of the sexual
need and provide proper knowledge about what are age and proper timing to do the sexual
intercourse. In this, the awareness about the birth control (Teenage pregnancy and parenthood,
2019Teenage pregnancy: the impact of maternal adolescent childbearing and older sister’s
teenage pregnancy on a younger sister, 2016). Provide them and encourage to control the use of
birth control method and reduce the unintended pregnancies (Salley, V., 2020).
As per this the number of intervention is based on the education, contraception education
and promotion with the proper combination of education. This all approach is useful to control
the over rate of teenage pregnancies. Result for the behavioural which is secondary in nature and
use to provide the outcome. Limitations of this use to make the review and include to report their
behaviour and methodological weakness of the trails. As per this, the intervention which is used
to follow are:
 Educational intervention which is related with the health education. Reduce the factor of
HIV/ AIDS.
 Contraception promotion which is used to provide the education with or without
contraception distribution.
 Multiple intervention which help to combination of of educational and pill based
promotion that used to reduce the session of teenager pregnancies.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is defined as the the effective process which is used by number of
researcher in order to achieve the proper data and information which is getting from the
particular topic and study. This is most important chapter in the context with the topic and
research as per the view point of researcher. They used to clearly elaborate about the conduct of
study. This is used to identify the relevant source and authenticate right in order to essential
information and data must be address which is used to identify the and the various strategies and
sources. In this, the main aim to conduct the research methodology is to determine the question
and objective which was gathered and shown with a proper analysis. The main reason for this a
clear determination of source of data and how effectively the research is design, data collection
techniques and their instrument (Abdul Mannan and et. al., 2019). As per this, the inclusion and
exclusion criteria with the proper search strategies and data presentation are well discussed.
Moreover, the research and their opinion are used to analyse and create the positive impact
which was accessed by the investigator is to evaluate the best approach of the research. This all
well defined structure and their notified framework are design in such a way which help to
established the positive and effective research with this given topics
Research philosophy: There are mainly factor which is usually concern with the two type
of philosophy which is defined as the interpretivism and positivism. According to the topic, this
need proper in investigation for the particular research. The interpretivism is defined as the
evaluating of data or informed effectively and this assist the research. As per this, there are
various factor which is accessible in this are create positivism philosophy that is not associated
for the proper research activity in the systematic manner and relevant approach.
Research choice: As per this, there are basically it help to create the two type of research
which is qualitative and quantitative. In this, it is used to create the various approach which is
useful in the source of identification of research approach. In this, the qualitative research are
used to create the information or data gather in the form of quality manner (Bealing 2019). As
per this, it is used to analyse quantitative research which is used to collect the data in form of
number, fact and figure. Some time a research contain both the factor which usually take the
aspect of qualitative and quantitative is order to create the valuable and more suitable research.
Because this is used to provide the investigation that should access and accurate and selective
respondents.
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Time duration: This is used in such a way which help to provide the research that is used
to support and analyse the starting and ending time period for the completion of the various
aspect of research and their activities. Some of this are used some specified tool and matter to
provide the appropriate Gantt chart that help to show the norm of graphical presentation and their
tool. This help investigator to learn and fulfil the activities which is fixed in the proper time
period zone and this is help to analyse the various compact level. Every research and researcher
fix their time for the completing of their essential topic and research ways.
Research design: This is used to define the various aspect of designing of research. This
research have their proper structure plan and list of procedure which is used design the specified
for organising and use to control over the research project. This all ways are used to serve as the
master and appropriate essential plan of the procedure and used in order to eradicate the issue
which is used in proper ways and help to examine the information which is overtaken by the
process of decision making (Borsboom and et. al., 2021).
Source of data: As per this, the research is used to relied on the both section of data
information collection. As per this, they are used to collect data from the primary and secondary
information which is create an significant value and come with the finding. Primary data used to
interpret and introduces the various data gathered for the first time in the region. As per this, the
primary data are used and applying for the questionnaire which is performed during the
interviews. With the other node, they are used to take the secondary data which have single
motive other than the original use. In this, the sources are applied to accumulate with base of
secondary information which is documented in the perfection of analysis. That is usually
gathered which is form published and unpublished in the firm which is associated with this.
Data collection: There are various type of data collection which is used to include the
interview which is observe and formulate the questionnaire which is fixed according to
researcher which is used to collect data and information about the topic. As per this, the
questionnaire will be used and investigated in such a way which provide and evidence and valid
proof which is create the gather reliable and valid data about the topic which is calculated by the
study.
Data sampling: A sample which is a group used in study of the topic that is obtained by
proper data. There are various techniques that is divided into two parts and this all non
probability and probability used in the sampling method. As per this, procedure of the sampling
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which used to include random, straight, judgemental random, and the applied to analysis the
right sample size. In context with this, there are main reason which is being selecting and create
the stratified sampling which is used to ensure which is equilibrium. The judgemental sampling
are used to define the project. This all well ensure that the use of optimization of resources and
time are data which is sought from the respondent with the valuable and create about the area
under research. Thus, some of the factor which is accessible in this and create the sampling
method which comes under the consideration and taking as 60 respondent (Buschmann 2018).
Data presentation techniques: There are number of factor which is appropriate and used
to provide the clear way of presenting that is clearly stated that the they are selected number of
fraction which is selected by the mode of data presentation. In this, the number of fraction which
is stated that the presented data and number of information which is used to include the pie chart,
table and line graph which have ability to create the line graphs and bar chart. These all are
important in such a way which used to present the data which is related with research topic.
Research ethics: In this, the research ethics in the primary which is used in extensively
which is used to ensure that the outcome of the study which is considered as the relevant factor
and boost up. There are mainly various three principle which were applied in the topic of
research such as confidentiality and informed which is consent. There are number of essential
which are used to participants which is used to create the completing research which is
systematically and complete the work effectively. This is used to provide the accurate
information which is about the research objective and this will help to create the participants and
this help to allow the each member to contribute enough and this will help to know the
contribution of each and every factor and this help to determine the essential and appropriate
work of factor (Cashdollar 2018).
Research limitation: There are number of factor which is essential for the number of
limitation or faced issue which is accessible and faced by researcher in order to know the various
fact and formulating research aim and objectives which have used for the implementation of the
goal. The proper data collection are used in such a way which help to know number of activities.
This provide knowledge and strength which is associated with the sample size, lack of previous
studies and find the appropriate area of research. This is used to provide the measure outcome.
Which is used to create the activities of the research (Castaño 2020).
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Research reliability and validity: Reliability and validity of the topic research is mainly
depend on the instrument and techniques are used in such a way which is used to define the
proper questionnaire. There is an essential approach which is help in the context with researcher
and this will provide to gather the information and accurate data which is associated with the
topic and their research.
Summary of the chapter: As per this, the chapter state about the various factor which is
associated with the teenage pregnancies. In this, the concept of the teenage pregnancies and their
outcome which is associated with their history are stated. There are number of factor which is
used to create issue while linked with the teenage pregnancies. In this, they are used to follow
various aspect and intervention to reduce the factor which is enhance the behaviour approach of
teenage pregnancies. As per this, there are number of risk factor which may be physically,
emotionally, mentally and biologically. In this, they are used to take relevant intervention to
reduce the impact because this issue are used to eradicate (Cooper 2017).
RESULTS
Introduction to the chapter: In this, the teenager pregnancies are arising issue now a day
which cause various of dysfunction. The teenager pregnancy are defined as the early age
pregnancy which is associated with the less number of age. The pregnancy age are below 18 year
then it called as the teenager pregnancy. As per this, there are number of aspect which is create
the issue which is associated with the topic. There are various number of intervention which is
govern by private and government with a single motive to aware everyone about the co factor
which is create complication while dealing with teenager pregnancy. This type of pregnancy
which is adopted by mother are immature in nature and as per the biological view site this create
consequence for the mother and child for both. This consequence are arises shortly and create
issue and problem with the mother and child. Some time this type of issue are create evidence
and rationale in the unit and used to defined the optimum use of resource but due to complex
situations this may create the condition of life threatening. Thus, this is well notified by the
number of people in their surrounding and also this state the mother death or child death during
the delivery of child (El-Mallahi 2017).
Result for the question/objective one: As per the above discussion this is well
determined that there are number of causes of the teenage pregnancy which is associated with
this. In this, some of the issue are from the background traditional behaviour of people and some
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of the issue are concern with economic section or by the factor which is genuinely arise is due to
poverty. Majorly the poverty is the main cause of teenager pregnancy. This is caused in various
aspect. As per this, due to weak financial status of family may lead the consequence of teenager
pregnancy. This may cause unexpected variance and this will lead sometime the core of
responsibilities which is followed by the family and their relative. In this aspect, this help to
provide the identification of various sense of matter which may persist for the longer period of
time. In this, the main causes are socio-economic background and traditional aspect which is
fulfilled by the core balance of family. As per this, there are various factor which is analyse in
this state the number of fraction which is associated with the risk factor of teenager pregnancy.
Usually the teenage pregnancy play very false role in the development of society. This usually
indicate the scenario of false and immature growth of society, where the number of family are
immature and their child are not adaptable due to the teenage pregnancy (Fitriani 2018).
They used to show various factor and create the risk of malnutrition and some of issue are
related with mental health. As per this, there are some survey which is reported as the number of
death of child is occurred due the fraction of raising in teenage pregnancy. At some point this is
well analyse that there are various occurrence of loop which show the visibility and clearance
which have context unit and show the chance of increase of mortality rate which is associated
with the mother death or child death. Whereas, this all natural process and this usually alter by
human creation or it is manipulated by number of aspect which show the diversion in the natural
process and cause various variation and this will create issue and other factor which is negative
in nature (Hands and Anderson 2017).
Result for the question/objective two: In this, there are several issue which is raised the
consequence due to the teenager pregnancy. As per this, there are various complication which
arises due this. In this, the proper analysis state that there are number of unnecessary factor
which create the issue in the teenage pregnancy. Moreover, the early age pregnancy are divert
the nature and formulate the complication. Context with this, the main factor which is arise due
to teenage pregnancy are arise the consequence of biological, emotional and physical. As per
this, the biological factor state number of complication which make them mother and child ill. In
context with this, they are used to state their point of view which show the sympathy. The
biological complication create the life threatening issue with mother and child. The biological
aspect are state that they feel low while delivering the blood and due to excessive blood loss it
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may risk to create the life threatening issue (Hawley and et. al., 2017). The reduce in blood may
lead create situation of hypotension and sometime this is used to form number of complication.
The biological factor are also associated with the fallopian tube where the child is usually
develop. In the deep, the child development phase is started from the ampullary isthmic junction.
In this junction, they used to provide nourishment and other associated nutrient to the child. At a
early age the placenta which is connected with foetus is not purely concerted and this provide
less nutrition which is linked with child. The child development need proper nutrition from the
mother and mother is not at age to provide proper nutrition to child. So, sometime this type of
complication are also associated with this and cause number of issue. Overall, the physical and
emotional issue are taking burden of child at the minimum age and reduce the factor and other
segment of child development and mother development (Higueras-Rodríguez and et. al., 2020).
Result for the question/objective three: To reduce the factor and complication which is
associated with this may cause various consequence in the mother health and child health. As per
this, the proper awareness is required to number of people for this. As per this, they must take all
these essential approach which help to eradicate the issue which may create the undefined
situation. In context with this, there are number of intervention which is followed in order to
reduce the dysfunction. In this, some of the latest intervention are motivate and provide the
knowledge which is based on complication and issue which is formulating by the teenage
pregnancy. In the current time, this is well analyse that to create awareness there are various
mode such as by doing the campaign and by using the social media platform. The social media
platform are used to take this all because there are number of people are currently active in this.
This is active and used to gain more and more response which is help full for the speaker who
used node to down the consequence which is arise due the early age pregnancy. In this, the
approach is useful in order to minimise the consequence which may create the factor. The
intervention is necessary in this. The proper probability is reached when the camp and speaker
provide the education comment on the teenage pregnancies and this is also a kind of sex
education which is necessary for people. In this, they are must know the impact and consequence
that are arise due to immature pregnancy (Hindle and Vidgen 2018).
Result for the question/objective four: In the early age pregnancy, to reduce the impact
which is ongoing in the present time and create number of complication and generate the life
costing issue. As per this, they are used to take the precautionary measure to reduce the
15

consequence which is arises due to this. The prevention is needed in order to reduce the
complication and create various issue. Some of the prevention techniques and intervention are
required in term of teenage pregnancies to minimise the situation which may cause death of
mother and child. Provide them proper knowledge of the sex education and various disease
which is associated with teenage pregnancies such as HIV and other disease.
Summary of the chapter: In this the proper analysis is done which is based on the given
objectives and aim. They are used to take various aspect and this is used to generate some of the
strategies by the overall study. In this, they used to provide the aspect of learning and knowledge
based intervention which is used in such a way to reduce the complication that is arisen due to
the early pregnancy (Labelle2020).
FINDING, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Introduction: As per this, the topic include the raising concern which is going and create
various consequence and issue with the people and formulate the condition. There are number of
essential approach are taken. Moreover, this help to analyse the concept of teenage pregnancy
and their traditional and historical background which show the presence of cause and what are
the intervention needed to overcome the situations. There are various intervention are place in
order to reduce the consequence (Latham-Cork and et. al., 2018).
Findings and discussion: As per this, the rationale problem are now day are going. With
my view point, the early age pregnancy lead various factor which harm the physical health and
mental health of the mother. The mother must be take an age where she can usually have ability
to adopt a child in their foetus. In the middle of the age where the puberty is starting and on
initial age the it is difficult for the mother to carry a child. In this, if the condition are abnormal
and some time the mother life is on risk due to the less hormonal activity then it followed the
situation of complexities. To reduce this, the initial phase which is started and created is to must
stopped and recognise the need and want during this all. The proper awareness is created and
must rectify the situations which can cause various factor which may synthesise the situation of
fatality. Whereas, the doctor and physician who usually do the pregnancy are avoid to do the
teenage pregnancy because of their complication and they try to negotiate the situations and
condition and make a proper approach to save the mother while taking case of teenage pregnancy
(Leaf 2019).
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Conclusions: As per the above discussion, this is analyse the teenager pregnancy is
usually lead various complication. This all aspect which is associated with the teenager
pregnancy are must be stopped because it is used to create the various complication and
consequence. Usually, this all complication are persist for the longer period of time then it will
cause death of the mother. In this context, the proper approach is used in order to reduce the
complication such as by using healthcare speaker and by conducting various camp for the
educate to people. As per this, it help to identify the issue of people and this intervention help to
dignify the problem and provide them proper identification which lead to grow effectively and
retaliate the issue which is associated with this. In this, there are various aspect and dimension
form where the issue and cause of the teenage pregnancy are formed. As per this, the proper
prevention techniques are required. Current analysis state that the teenage pregnancy are occur
due the socio-economic factor or by enhancing the state of the poverty, where families are not
enough stable to take the responsibilities which is occurred by poverty and other terms (Loyarte-
López and et. al., 2020).
Recommendations and suggestion: Although the adolescent pregnancies is the declined
in the last 10 year. This is major issue in health problem with the previous zone for the teenager
mother. They used to identify their need and getting forced by society for marriage. In this the
suggestion which is provide a strategies to reduce the factor which is associated with this are
successful strategies which help to minimise the community program to improve the social
development, responsible sexual behaviour education, and hence help to improve the
contraceptive counselling and provide the proper delivering. Some of recommendations which is
mentioned are physician must be link the prevention of the pregnancies and prevention of the
sexually transmitted disease when it must know the counselling which is for the sexual active
teenager. The proper contraception is used in this to retaliate the threat of the pregnancies.
Condom are prescribed and should be encouraged in all sexually active teenager which is of
whether another contraception method which is used. There are number of part which is used in
this such as taking the periodic counselling about the effective contraceptive method is
recommended for all the women at risk for untended and taking the condition a sper the
pregnancy. This all well discussed and help to improve the dialogue which is expanding the
research into sexual health and improving health care access and social intervention which is
must enhance to taking the responsibilities of sexual behaviour (Maciuliene and et. al., 2018).
17

Summary of the chapter: This chapter state that there are number of successful
strategies. That is implemented in order to minimise the factor of teenage pregnancy which may
create the complication for the child and mother. There are some of them intervention are work
and reduce the rate of teenage pregnancies. As per above discussion, there are number of
strategies which is allow to control the all factor which have proper scope and action to enhance
the activity which may cause life threatening issue. In context with this, the teenager pregnancy
has number of complication and complexities. This all eradicated by intervention which is used
to planned by government and private firm by creating camp and other (Nunkoo and et. al.,
2017).
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