Telecommunication System Engineering

TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM ENGINEERING
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Table of Contents
Part A - Telecommunications Technologies...........................................................................................2
Q1. Private Branch Exchange (PBX).......................................................................................................2
Q2. High Speed Connectivity.................................................................................................................4
References.............................................................................................................................................5
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Part A - Telecommunications Technologies
Q1. Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
Introduction
Private Branch Exchange or PBX is a phone system within an organisation that enables the inter-
communication within an organisation through the telephones installed within the organisation. This
is a cost-saving system of telephonic connection since the system eliminates the need for any
external phone lines.
a) Evolution of PBX
The system of Private Branch Exchange was introduced in 1978[1]. Before the introduction of the PBX,
a similar manual console or switchboard developed shortly after Alexander Graham Bell’s model of
the telephone was used to switch calls within the organisation, making it the first rough model of the
present PBX. This model of the switchboard was predominantly used until the Great Depression
where departments within an organisation increased in number, making it difficult for manual
operators to switch calls to the concerned person. This resulted in the developed and more
mechanical form of the PBX to come into existence in 1972. This development eliminated the need
for manual operators [2].
b) Comprehensive analysis of current and emerging PBX systems in terms of reliability
The most prevalent and widely used PBX system in existence at the moment is the TDM system.
TDM refers to the system of Time Division Multiplexing, which allowed multiple strains of
information to be conveyed through one path. In the current times, TDM is the most widely used
system in order to sample multiple incoming voice and data signals, enabling these samples over
single transmission channels for the purpose of reconstruction for the purpose of the receiver. Apart
from TDM, IP PBX and Hybrid PBX systems have also come into prevalence. IP PBX enabled the more
advanced forms of communication to be conveyed through the phones. This is the initial form of the
modern IP addresses that every single device has that uses the internet. Hybrid PBX is another form
of the modern PBX where the traditional PBX and the IP PBX were mixed together. This was a
preferable choice for those who trusted the PBX systems but were afraid to use the new technology
of the IP PBX.
c) Architecture of PBX Systems
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