Changes in the Nature of Terrorism after the Advent of Globalization | Research Report

Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Globalization and terrorism
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Author Note

RESEARCH PROPOSAL
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The purpose of the human societies since the dawn of civilization is to establish peace
and harmony in the community. The societies came in to existence because of the consorted
efforts undertaken by the people to ensure their well-being in such established communities1.
They therefore, decided to surrender some of their rights and freedom to an authoritarian figure
whose primary responsibility was to bring about an environment which would promote a holistic
growth and development of the people under his or her rule. In this respect, the nation states, as
we know of today, came to be formed2. The nature of terrorism changed with the advent of
globalization. Globalization involves the integration of the various nation states in to one
common global village3. As a result, the various traditional state boundaries gave way to the easy
movement of cultures, people and products from one place to another. This also led to the rise in
the aspect of terrorism as the ideas of extremism and violence found a strong foothold in many
unstable and politically weak corners of the world4. The aim of this research is to understand
how the nature of globalization brought about significant changes in the nature of terrorism,
leading to its rise and spread all across the globe. The objectives of the research is to understand
the historical development of terrorism within the human society. In this regard, the paper would
1 Awoniyi, S. "Historical and Religio-Ethical Enquiry into Terrorism in Nigeria." Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies 3,
no. 1 (2019): 20-33
2 Bakker, J. J. "Honour in terrorism: The development of the role of honour in the propaganda of Al Qaeda." Master's thesis,
2018.
3 Windle, James, John F. Morrison, Aaron Winter, and Andrew Silke, eds. Historical Perspectives on Organized Crime and
Terrorism. Routledge, 2018.
4 Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu, Todd Sandler, and Javed Younas. "Trade and terrorism: A disaggregated approach." Journal of
Peace Research 55, no. 5 (2018): 656-670.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL
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look in to the changes in the nature of terrorism after the advent of globalization. It has also
analyzed the implication of terrorism in the globalized world by laying special emphasis on the
Middle East region.
With the growth of nation states, the issue of terrorism also arose5. Certain individuals of
different societies felt that the various measures undertaken by their governments are oppressive
of their own rights and freedom6. In order to bring about a change in the political structure and
the social way of life, such groups of individuals are seen to resort to extremist or violent
measures. They are therefore, termed as terrorists as their activities bring about significant
destruction to human lives and property7. This research is significant as it would help the
researcher to examine the adverse impact of terrorism in the various societies of the globalized
world.
The purpose of this research is to understand how the nature of globalization brought
about significant changes in the nature of terrorism, leading to its rise and spread all across the
globe. In this respect, the various secondary sources of literature like that of books, academic
journals, articles and official websites have been taken in to consideration in the course of the
work so as to understand the aspect of terrorism and its rise in the context of a globalized world.
According to Bakker (2018), globalization refers to the increase in the interdependence of
5 Suistola, Jouni, and Vamik Volkan. Religious knives: Historical and psychological dimensions of international terrorism.
Pitchstone Publishing (US&CA), 2017.
6 Beydoun, Khaled A. "Lone wolf terrorism: types, stripes, and double standards." Nw. UL Rev. 112 (2017): 1213.
7 Beydoun, Khaled A. "Lone wolf terrorism: types, stripes, and double standards." Nw. UL Rev. 112 (2017): 1213.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL
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the nation states of the world. The aspect of cross border trade in services and commodities have
led to a consequent rise in the intermingling of cultures, values, people and their thought
process8. In this respect, it can be seen that the aspect of globalization, as per the opinion of
Blakemore (2016), has been successful in bringing the people of the world closer to one another.
The issue of globalization arose after the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union.
As argued by Çetinkaya (2020), the emergence of a liberal frame work of the economic allowed
the perpetuation of technology. The economy was largely reorganized to include the various
technological advancements9. According to Parker and Sitter (2016), such technological progress
allowed the people to interact with each other not only in the global economic market but also in
the various social spheres and cultural lives.
According to Windle (2018), terrorism refers to the issue of unlawful activities which
emerges due to the use of violence and various instruments of destruction. The individuals of the
society who want to bring about a change in the community through the medium of violence and
extortion10. As stated by Windle et al. (2018), the main motive of such violent individuals is to
change the political and societal structure of the community in order to suit their own selfish
purpose.
As opined by Combs (2017), the word ‘terrorism’ originated during the French
Revolution in the eighteenth century. It was during this time that the individuals of the society
8 Sönmez, Sevil F., and S. Sönmez. "Tourism, Terrorism and Political Instability." (2019).
9 Blakemore, Brian. Extremism, counter-terrorism and policing. Routledge, 2016.
10 Çetinkaya, Şeref. "Turkey’s Fight Against ISIS In The Context Of The Historical Development Of Terrorism: Example of
Foreign Terrorist Fighters." IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 6 (2020): 145-160.