The effect of dietary intake and nutritional policy on prevalence of diabetes in UK

This study examines the effect of dietary intake and nutritional policy on the prevalence of diabetes in the UK. It discusses the impact of dietary habits on diabetes prevalence and explores the latest guidelines and policies for prevention and management. The report highlights the importance of healthy eating and weight management in reducing the risk of diabetes.

The effect of dietary intake andor
nutritional policy on non-communicable
disease – Diabetes

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title..................................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
DISCUSSION..................................................................................................................................3
Impact of dietary intake on prevalence of diabetes.....................................................................3
Impact of nutritional policies on the prevalence of diabetes in UK............................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

Title
The effect of dietary intake and nutritional policy on prevalence of diabetes in UK.
INTRODUCTION
The biological basis of non-communicable disease such as diabetes is metabolic disease
that occurs when person has elevated sugar of blood glucose. It can be happening due to
insufficient insulin production. Diabetes is one of the most harmful diseases that can impact on
overall human body in negative manner. Because of few signs and indicators, a person can
identify symptoms of this disease. It includes feeling for water, very hungry, blurry vision,
urinating often and weight loss, all these are the examples of chosen disease. Number of people
with diabetes as non-communicable disease rose from 108 million to 422 million. International
prevalence of this disease among youngster over 18 years of age from 4.7% to 8.9%.
DISCUSSION
Impact of dietary intake on prevalence of diabetes
Dietary intake can be defined as daily eating habits of a person including particular food
products and calories consumed things (Teasdale and et.al., 2019). Appropriate dietary habits or
nature improve health problems of people, while unhealthy dietary intake affect human body
negatively. When a person follows proper dietary intake and could not eat unhealthy things he or
she can prevent themselves from non-communication disease like Diabetes. This term impact
prevalence of chosen disease positively. Furthermore, there are many people in the whole world
who are taking wrong diet and consider non healthy dietary intake that can influence on
prevalence of diabetes. Accordant to national organization of digestive and diabetes diseases,
selected disease doubles risk of heart stroke (Krishnappa and et.al., 2020). Individual eat those
food items that increase sugar level and then support on prevalence of this non communicational
disease that can affect human organs specially heart, because it is one of the most sensitive body
parts. Diet low in calories, fat and cholesterol reduce risk of diabetes, a good diet can lead to
healthy body and keep person away from other health issues in positive manner.
A person should take healthy dietary intakes because it helps to prevent them from
chosen disease and also allow stay fit, without facing any health related problems. It can be
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identified that eating foods habits that can help keep insulin, inflammation and blood sugar
manageable can effectively and successfully reduce risk for health complications (Alkhatib and
et.al, 2017). An individual need to consider, although these foods products may aid manage
sugar degree, the most significant thing in healthy blood balance is balanced and nutritious diet.
Diabetes is a most common disease in recent time, which occurs when blood glucose is high than
normal that is consider as main source of energy. It comes from food a person eat and take daily
during breakfast, lunch or dinner. There are many food options available in the world that can
help occurrence of disease and reduce this kind of risk. When individual eat fatty fish as dietary
intake he or she can take benefit in term of keeping heart health that means chances of diabetes
prevalence is less, which is quite beneficial for physical and mental health of persons. Salmon,
anchovies, herring, mackerel and sardines are excellent sources of omega 3. By eating enough of
these things continually can help person to stop spread diabetes in body which turn into reduce
risk of heart attack. When leafy greens are included in dietary intake it can also help in same
manner because these food items are low in calories and fully nutritional that is good for healthy
heart and life as well. Leafy green veggies are quite low in carbs that human body can easily
absorbed, which in return effectively impact blood sugar levels and keep it balance.
Spinach and other leafy green are appropriate ways to many minerals and essential
vitamins, especially vitamin C that can increase vitamin level of those people who have diabetes
and aid to balance it appropriately (da Silva Dias and Imai, 2017). Increasing dietary intake of
these foods sources can contribute people with chosen disease boost his or her serum vitamin C
degree while minimizing cellular and inflammation damage in effective manner. Furthermore,
increasing dietary habit of eggs decrease heart problems and excellently improves insulin
sensitivity, it can also help increase HDL among people who are experience negative things
because of diabetes. A study in 2019 describe that eating a low carb and high fat breakfast in the
morning including egg can aid person with selected disease manage blood glucose levels
throughout daily (Pourafshar and et.al., 2018). All above things are beneficial and helpful dietary
intakes that can impact on occurrence of disease and support in balancing blood sugar.
Impact of nutritional policies on the prevalence of diabetes in UK
Diabetes became a major threat to the health of public. This is considered to be a major
cause premature illness and death in most of the countries. It can be of two types: type 1 and type
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2. It was observed that around 2.5 million people in UK are suffering from diabetes among
which majority suffers from type 2 (Diabetes UK evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the
prevention and management of diabetes, 2018). The reason behind this is the people of UK
preferred food with high sugar content and the junk food which leads to obesity. Type 1 diabetes
which is insulin dependent diabetes in which insulin production is ceased which is managed by
injections of insulin along with healthy diet. Type 2 which is non-insulin dependent is the insulin
resistance which results in obesity. In this case, diet modification along with physical activity
and balanced diet are the key approaches.
For the past 36 years, UK diabetes has been developing and publishing the policies and
guidelines regarding the diabetes which are revised normally in every 10 years.
The latest guidelines and policies which are launched at the professional conference of Diabetes
UK in March 2018 are as follows:
The new policies focus on the giving dietary advice to the individuals and aware them about its
importance (England and et.al., 2017).
The policies mostly lay emphasis on the food rather than the nutrients which are introduced in
order to support the delivery as well as the recommendations for diet.
Various sections have been added or enlarged which can help in reflecting the current practice
and guidance which includes subjects like education in ethnic minority groups pregnant women
and preventing type 2 diabetes (Conklin and et.al., 2016).
These guidelines were made by focusing on various sources like getting the evidences from the
randomized control trials and cohort studies and also according to the recommendation
assessment’s grading. Therefore, the new guidelines composed of all the dietary aspects of
prevention and management of diabetes. The main aim is to manage the type of fat consumed
through food. It was also observed that at the prediabetes stage, its risk can be reduced by
multicomponent behavioural lifestyle programs. The main thing which can prevent diabetes is
the weight loss and which is achieved by combination of physical activity and balanced diet
(Forouhi and et.al., 2018). The guidelines ensure that a healthy eating strategy is maintained also
along with controlled portion to induce weight loss, limited fat intake, reducing the saturated fat
intake, increase the intake of dietary fibre and involving moderate or vigorous physical activity
in the routine.
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In order to manage the type 1 diabetes, carbohydrate must be consumed in any way along with
the insulin. On the other hand, for prevention of type 2 diabetes, weight reduction is must by
using total diet replacement i.e., liquid formula diet which is followed by structured food and
program for weight maintenance (Twenefour and Shields, 2020). For those with established
diabetes which cannot be prevented, there are various cardiovascular risks. Dietary strategies are
made for this such as low-fat, low calorie and low carbohydrate diets and Mediterranean style
diets.
CONCLUSION
The above report was mainly focussed on the effect of dietary intake and nutritional policy
on prevalence of diabetes in UK. It was observed that the number of people suffering from
diabetes is increasing day by day as the diet of the people in UK is not healthy and they love to
eat junk food along with the food with high sugar content. This is the reason behind the
increasing diabetes cases in UK. The report also highlighted the impact of dietary intake on the
prevalence of this disease. Various nutritional policies and guidelines are also developed for
reducing and preventing this disease. The main effect of diabetes was seen as obesity and weight
gain which can only be prevented by physical activities and healthy diet. The new Diabetes UK
policies are in support with preventing and managing the symptoms of diabetes by
recommending the various healthful and dietary patterns and also certain foods. In this case, the
diabetes education becomes very important to reduce the prevalence of this disease in UK.
Weight loss is the main emphasis for curing the type 2 diabetes.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alkhatib, A and et.al, 2017. Functional foods and lifestyle approaches for diabetes prevention
and management. Nutrients. 9(12). p.1310.
Conklin, A.I. and et.al., 2016. Dietary diversity, diet cost, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the
United Kingdom: a prospective cohort study. PLoS medicine. 13(7). p.e1002085.
da Silva Dias, J.C. and Imai, S., 2017. Vegetables consumption and its benefits on
diabetes. Journal of Nutritional Therapeutics. 6(1). pp.1-10.
England, C.Y. and et.al., 2017. Development of a brief, reliable and valid diet assessment tool
for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes: the UK diabetes and diet
questionnaire. Public health nutrition. 20(2). pp.191-199.
Forouhi, N.G. and et.al., 2018. Dietary and nutritional approaches for prevention and
management of type 2 diabetes. Bmj. 361. p.k2234.
Krishnappa, M and et.al., 2020. Effect of saroglitazar 2 mg and 4 mg on glycemic control, lipid
profile and cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 56-
week, randomized, double blind, phase 3 study (PRESS XII study). Cardiovascular
diabetology. 19(1). pp.1-13.
Pourafshar, S and et.al., 2018. Egg consumption may improve factors associated with glycemic
control and insulin sensitivity in adults with pre-and type II diabetes. Food & function.
9(8). pp.4469-4479.
Teasdale, S.B and et.al., 2019. Dietary intake of people with severe mental illness: systematic
review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 214(5). pp.251-259.
Twenefour, D. and Shields, E., 2020. Saturated fats and the management of diabetes: the debates,
controversies and consensus. Practical Diabetes. 37(4). pp.115-120.
Online
Diabetes UK evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of
diabetes, 2018. [ONLINE] Available through :<
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29443421/ >
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