Hospitality Sector Memo and Communication Methods

The assignment provided is a research-based document that delves into the hospitality sector, focusing on the functional role of memos in the food and beverage department of a cruise liner. It also discusses different methods used for communicating, monitoring, and coordinating activities in this department. The document cites various studies and journals to support its findings, including papers on responsible management education, mass customization, and sustainable practices in the hospitality industry. Additionally, it references online resources such as the Tourism Act 2019. Overall, the assignment aims to provide a thorough understanding of the hospitality sector's complexities and opportunities for sustainability.

The Hospitality
Business Toolkit

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
Activity-1 Double entry book to keeping trial balance...............................................................4
Activity-2 Recommanding methods to measure financial performance ....................................6
Activity-3 Using the HR life cycle for talent management ........................................................7
Activity-4 performance planning................................................................................................8
Activity-5 Training on law for the Hospitality industry.............................................................9
Activity-6 legal and ethical consideration.................................................................................10
Activity-7 Exploring functional roles.......................................................................................11
Activity-8 Methods of communication, coordination and monitoring.....................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Hospitality Industry comprises a group of businesses that comprises of providing services
to customers. The main objective of the business under this industry is to satisfy the needs wand
wants of customers through enhancing their experiences. The businesses under this industry are
hotels, bars and restaurants that are proving various services to the customer such as place to
sleep, food and drinks. The business undertaken under this report is Carnival Corporation & PLC
which is a British American cruise operator (Schwager, Decker and Kaltenegger, 2016). It has
over 100 ships offering hotel style accommodation, food, bar and course travel and tourism
services to it's customers. This report will examine the activities of different department In the
business such as finance and human resource department. The report will also highlight certain
legal and ethical consideration that the organisation needs to adhere to in order to work legally in
the marketplace. Later part of the report deals with various functional roles that exist in
hospitality sector and the role of communication and coordination in a cruise liner.
Activity-1 Double entry book to keeping trial balance
The Double entry system of accounting involves recording business transaction in
minimal of two accounts. The transaction will be recorded in particular side like debit and credit.
The journal entry of the transaction can be described below along with trial balance and ledger.

Activity-2 Recommanding methods to measure financial performance
The principle of managing financial performance involves assignment of budget to the
different business activities. The budget should be both reasonable as well as realistic and it

should be formulated after examination of business gaols and objectives after this the actual
financial result of each unit of the business is compared with the set budget on a regular basis
(Ali, Ryu and Hussain, 2016). It will help the organisation in identification of variances that exist
between the actual results and set results and it also assists business in their elimination in the
future course of the business. There are many ways by which an business financial performance
can be monitored or measured such as-
Preparing key financial statements: It comprises of preparing various financial
statements such as profit and loss statement, trial balance and cash flow. They are considered as
an essential indicator of the performance of the organisation in financial terms (Sezerel and
Tonus, 2014).
Competitive analysis: The organisation can compare the financial indicator with the
other competitors that exist in the business environment in order to find the region where the
business is lacking behind in comparison with other rivalries (Barron, Leask, and Fyall 2014).
Activity-3 Using the HR life cycle for talent management
Human resource strategy is adopted by organisation in order to provide integration in the
business culture, in staff member and in various systems which is done by setting coordination in
different activities of the business that are directed towards achievement of organisational goals
and objectives. In order to succeed they need to be coordinated with the overall business goals
and objectives in an efficient manner. In order to achieve the goals the business needs to recruit
the right amount of people that have the capacity to carry organisational activities in an effective
manner. For this the business will enable an effective human resource cycle that will b focussed
on acquiring right employees (Bowie and et. al., 2016). The human resource life cycle can be
elaborated below-
 Recruitment: Hiring the right people that suits the profile that they have been hired for
will have an direct impact on the organisational turnover, performance level and growth.
There are different types of member that are required on a cruise line such a lifeguards, captain
and kitchen staff. The food and beverage manger will ensure that they hire right right people that
suits the profile so that they can work effectiveness the business.
 Training: It involves establishment of certain training and development programme in
the business so that the current skill set of the employees can be enhanced at the
workplace. As it will help the Food and beverage manger of the cruise ship to ensure that

employees are possessing the required amount of skills they is required by them in
fulfilment of their job duties and it will also help them to face contingency in the future
as they have already been trained to face different challenges
 Motivation: Motivated employees tent to perform in an efficient and effective manner.
That will help the business to perform at a higher level of performance level. It is the
responsibility of the manager to motivate their employees on a regular basis so that they
can be encouraged to work harder at the workplace (Doherty, Meehan and Richards,
2015).
 Evaluation: Under this step the performance of the employees is being evaluated by the
manager so that they can find out about the gap that exist in the skill set of the current
employees. After finding out about the gap in the skill set the manager will establish
certain training and development programme in order to fill the skill gap and also fro
achieving the organisational gaols (Pirani and Arafat, 2016).
 Celebration: it is the last stage of the entire process which involves reenergizing the
employees and also involves recognising the work of the staff members. The manager of
the Food and beverage department can use different benefits that they can offer to
employees. Benefits such as gifts cards and paying extra fro the extra time which
employees spend working in the business (Singh, 2015).
All of these step in HR life cycle will assists the business in creating an comfortable
environment for employees in which they are provide with training and development programme
and they are also provide with benefits such as gift cards. This will help the business to retain
and attract their talented employees for a longer period of time in the workplace (Phillips and et.
al., 2017).
Activity-4 Performance planning
Performance management plan is adopted by business in order to work efficiently and
more effectively in achieving their overall gaols and objectives. As in the workplace there are
different types of problems that are being faced by waiters and waitresses of the cruise line for
example not obeying to the senior and denial to take extra work in emergency situations. So, in
order to actively asses and resolve such issues the business will use and implement performance
management plan which can be further elaborated below-

 Assessing the current performance management process: In order to find out about
the present business strength and gain knowledge about business activities the process
will involve assessment of current business management processes, resource and
manpower. Which is done in order to use them in defining the future goals of the
business (Fettermann, Echeveste and Tortorella, 2017).
 Setting goals: After the current analyses of the business performance level then the goals
and objective that needs to achieved will be defined. Carnival Corporation Plc will be
designing their gaols and objectives in such a manner that will help them to utilise their
employees strength on a optimum level.
 Creating action plan: It involves establishment of an action plan which will involve the
breakdown structure of various job responsibilities and among the employees working at
different levels in the workplace. The main motive behind this is to provide clarity in the
work by dividing the job responsibility and it will also help in increasing the efficiency
level of the business. As the job responsibility have been define on a pre basis the waiter
and waitresses will have to perform the duty an will have to obey the rules.
 Tracking: After the job responsibility is being divide among the employees. It is
important for businesses to keep an eye on different activities of the business in order to
ensure that all the activates are directed towards achievement of overall organisational
goals and objectives (Jauhari, V. ed., 2014).
This plan will assists the business in moving in the right direction and will also assists employees
in increasing their performance level by enabling certain measure such as training and
recognising the work of employees. It will help the business in retaining staff member will also
help in resolving their negative behaviour.
Activity-5 Training on law for the Hospitality industry.
Every industry have certain rules and regulation that an organisation needs to follow in
order to wok legally in the business environment and also to avoid legal issues. In reference to
the hospitality industry there are certain laws that Carnival Corporation Plc have to adheres to in
order to fulfil their legal obligations. Some of the laws can be elaborated below-
Food and safety Act(1990) : This act contains certain standard that are be maintained by
the food department of the business. As the business is offering food and beverage products in
their cruise line so they have to maintain standard in their food products in order to comply to the

law (The Tourism Act 2019). For example, With the help of this act, the company can make
focus and consternation on the quality of the food or its packaging so that it can be helpful for
increasing the profit and productivity.
Tourism Act (2011): The act was established with an motive of assisting in
development, management, marketing and also regulating the tourism sustainability. As business
is catering customers all across the globe it is mandatory for them to abide by the law in order to
keep serving customers all across the globe in efficient manner. For example, as per this law the
management of the company can provide all the right to its customers. It will help attaining rthe
success of the firm.
The Tourism Regulatory Authority Regulation (2014): Pursuant to section 122 of the
Tourism ACT. The main motive behind establishment of this act is to prescribe different matters
that related with the regulation of tourism sector and authority operation.
Laws comprise with different set of rules and regulations that are established in order to
establish a code of conduct in the overall functioning of the business. Laws tent to have an
impact on the decision making process of the business. It is important for business to abide by
the different laws related to work in the market. For instance while deciding on the remuneration
and working hours of the employees the company have to look into wage act and working time
regulation acts comprising in the industry. On the other hand if the business wants to enter into
any agreement that they have to adhere to company laws that will define certain policies and
procedure that the business will have to follow in order to enter into valid contracts. If the
business is following all the legal laws in effective manner that will be eliminate legal issues that
may cost organisation both in term of money and time (Lub and et. al., 2016).
Activity-6 legal and ethical consideration
Ethics comprise with a branch of philosophy which involves defending, recommanding
an systematizing different concept of right and wrong. In order to facilitates customers in an
efficient manner in the hospitality industry the business needs to follow certain ethics in their
workplace place such as integration, trustworthiness and respecting others. Ethics involves
adoption of fair practices that help the business in elimination of wrongful acts it also helps the
business to avoid taking wrong decisions such as charging extra money from customers and
disrupting the privacy of their customers. By behaving in an ethical manner the Carnival
corporation will be able to attract larger number of client as the customer tent to get more

attracted towards the organisation who are operating in an ethical manner. Also in order to
perform in ethical manner the organisation will respect the staff member and the customer in an
efficient manner (Messner, 2015).
In order to follow ethics business will adhere to different laws that are existing in the
tourism industry laws such as Food and safety Act, Tourism Act and The Tourism Regulatory
Authority Regulation. As the business is serving their customer in legal way they will be able to
serve their stakeholders in an effective manner. It will also help them to attract customer in a
greater extent.

Activity-7 Exploring functional roles
MEMORANDUM
DATE: April 30, 2019.
TO: Human Resource manager.
FROM: ABC.
SUBJECT: Different functional role in the hospitality industry.
I am writing in order to inform you that, during the training programme I have learned
about different sector and different roles that exist in the hospitality sectors.
There are various roles that individuals perform at both the front and the back of the
house in the business. The front of the house involves the physical area of business where the
customer are served. On the other hand the back area of the house involves catering business
that comprises with preparation of food and cleaning dishes etc. Every department have certain
roles that individual need to fulfil for instance the house keeping department have to perform
maintenance role which involves responsibility to clean the rooms of house guest which
involves vacuum cleaning the room and floor cleaning and removing the litter. As all of these
factors effect the level of customer satisfaction while their stay in the organization.
Under the financial role of the industry the organisations maintains and prepare budget
and then allot the budget to different activities of the business. It is the responsibility of
manager to maintain budget of different activities and also to record all the activities of the
business in order to find out about the current position of the business and it also helps in
keeping record of all the services that are being offered by business to their customer. The
collected information will also help in designing new products and services in order to cater the
needs and wants of customer in better manner.
Human resource department plays an crucial role in the performance of the organisation
.As it comprises of individuals who are addressing the customer will they stay in the
organisation. If they tent to address customer in effective manner they will able to provide right
product and services to the customers and will be able to influence their satisfaction level.

Thank you for your cooperation.
Activity-8 Methods of communication, coordination and monitoring
MEMORANDUM
DATE: April 30, 2019.
TO: Human Resource manager.
FROM: ABC.
SUBJECT: Different methods of communication, co-ordination and monitoring.
I am writing in order to inform you that, over the training period programme I have
come across different methods of communication, coordination and monitoring that the food
and beverage of cruise line uses. As it is important to maintain all of these in the business. They
uses telephonic system in order to receive orders from customers and the customer can place
order from there room only. Which provide an ease to customer as they can call anytime and
place order for food and they can also put forward certain request that they want to make to the
chief. In order to facilitates coordination in the department the different activities of the
department is divided into the form different job responsibilities and then it is further divided
among different individuals.
In order to facilitates the monitoring purpose the Food and beverage department
manager will review and evaluate the performance level of the employees on continuous
basis. Which helps the manager to evaluate the performance level of the individuals so that they
can be further motivated to by offering certain benefits such as gift cards and Extra pay for extra
work. Through effective controlling and coordinating the different activities and employees
performance business will be able to maintain and improve their supply chain which will
assists them to use different resource at an optimum level.
Thank you for your cooperation.
Finance department- This function is important for all organisations and interrelate with
different department and functions of the company. There are various methods of
communication which can used by the organisation like email, video conferencing etc. To
monitor the effectiveness and performance of this function, the firm can use KPI method. It is
helpful for analysing financial performance of the company but it can be hard to measure.

CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that Carnival Corporation Plc is British leisure
travel company. It provide service to approx 11.5 million guest per annum. The report will
highlight the use of human resource cycle and performance management plan in relation with
managing and retaining staff members. The report will also depict certain laws that the business
needs to adhere to in order to serve customers in the hospitality sector and also to work in legal
manner. The report also comprise of two memo which depict the functional role in the hospitality
sector and different methods used for communicating, monitoring and coordinating activities in
Food and beverage department of the cruise liner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ali, F., Ryu, K. and Hussain, K., 2016. Influence of experiences on memories, satisfaction and
behavioral intentions: A study of creative tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism
Marketing.33(1). pp.85-100.
Barron, P., Leask, A. and Fyall, A., 2014. Engaging the multi-generational workforce in tourism
and hospitality. Tourism Review.69(4). pp.245-263.
Bowie and et. al., 2016. Hospitality marketing. Routledge.
Doherty, B., Meehan, J. and Richards, A., 2015. The business case and barriers for responsible
management education in business schools. Journal of Management
Development.34(1). pp.34-60.
Fettermann, D.C., Echeveste, M.E.S. and Tortorella, G.L., 2017. The benchmarking of the use of
toolkit for mass customization in the automobile industry. Benchmarking: An
International Journal.24(6). pp.1767-1783.
Jauhari, V. ed., 2014. Managing sustainability in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry:
Paradigms and Directions for the Future. CRC Press.
Lub and et. al., 2016. The future of hotels: The Lifestyle Hub. A design-thinking approach for
developing future hospitality concepts. Journal of Vacation Marketing.22(3). pp.249-
264.
Messner, S.F., 2015. When west meets east: Generalizing theory and expanding the conceptual
toolkit of criminology. Asian journal of criminology.10(2). pp.117-129.
Phillips and et. al., 2017. Understanding the impact of online reviews on hotel performance: an
empirical analysis. Journal of Travel Research.56(2). pp.235-249.
Pirani, S.I. and Arafat, H.A., 2016. Reduction of food waste generation in the hospitality
industry. Journal of Cleaner Production.132. pp.129-145.
Schwager, P., Decker, N. and Kaltenegger, I., 2016. Exploring green chemistry, sustainable
chemistry and innovative business models such as chemical leasing in the context of
international policy discussions. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable
Chemistry.1.pp.18-21.
Sezerel, H. and Tonus, H.Z., 2014. The soft element of strategic human resource management:
the employee's perception of diversity climate. Procedia-Social and Behavioral
Sciences.150. pp.354-359.
Singh, R., 2015. Empirical examination of the impact of total quality services on hospitality
industry business. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism.16(4).
pp.389-413.
Online-
The Tourism Act 2019. [Online] Available Through:
<https://www.tourismauthority.go.ke/index.php/tourism-sector-regulation/acts>.