The Role of Public Health in Disease Prevention and Control

This presentation explores the crucial role of public health in identifying, preventing, and controlling diseases within communities. It examines the functions of various agencies, including the World Health Organization (WHO), local authorities, and the National Health Service (NHS), in monitoring health levels and implementing strategies for disease management. The presentation delves into the epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious diseases, utilizing statistics to illustrate their prevalence and impact. It further analyzes the effectiveness of different approaches and strategies for disease control, emphasizing the importance of prevention, immunization, and public awareness campaigns. Finally, the presentation investigates current priorities and approaches to providing services for individuals with diseases or illnesses, highlighting the importance of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention measures.

Role of public
health
Health and Social
care

Table of content
• Introduction
• Roles of different agencies in identifying levels of health and disease in
communities
• Utilising statistics to explain the epidemiology of one infectious and one non-
infectious disease
• The effectiveness of different approaches and strategies to control the
incidence of disease in communities
• Research to determine what are the current priorities and approaches to the
provision of services for people with disease or illness
• Conclusion
• references

Introduction
• There are different lessons that will be highlighted in the tasks
regarding the role of public health
• Public health basically refers to the measures that are to be taken
for preventing diseases, promote health and also about the prolong
life among the population
• Diverse approaches for measuring and controlling the incidence of
the disease in communities will be provided
• Various agencies provide roles for identifying the levels of health
in the community which will be discussed in the PPT
• The agencies working towards protection of this diseases could be
local, national as well as of international level

Roles of different agencies in identifying levels of health and
disease in communities.
• The World Health Organization (WHO) is said as the primary,
International and the Government entity
• WHO began on 7th April 1948 and the day is currently celebrated
as World Health Day
• The primary role of the agency is to direct as well as coordinate
health within the United Nations System
• WHO provides leadership on diverse critical concerns of health
• WHO provides support as well as services to various health care
institutions all around the globe
• WHO also supports the countries to develop, monitor as well as
implement the health care plans

Continued
• As per WHO public health is basically about categorizing the
processes and also save the society from the severe diseases as well
as promoting the health benefits
• WHO has been working in terms of extending the lives between the
large scale population
• Local agencies such as the schools have certain responsibilities for
the safety of children’s
• To control the infections it is crucial to maintain the environment
and at the places such as schools it is vital to adopt the safety
policies
• The National Health Service: A National Agency has been currently
working towards benefiting around million individuals in the UK.

Continued
• NHS agency has been looking after almost a million patients every
36 hours
• The department of ministry of health has been following certain
policies of the government for providing health care services
• The agencies such as PHE and NHS are incorporate under the
department of ministry of health
• The agencies have been also protecting the individuals from
seasonal illness

Utilising statistics to explain the epidemiology of one
infectious and one non-infectious disease
• Infectious diseases are said to be the diseases that are caused due to
the organisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses
• The Non-Infectious diseases can’t be passed on from one individuals
to another, this kind of diseases are usually caused due to the
environment, genetics or the lifestyle
• HIV is an infectious disease and in the year around 98,600 people
were suffering from the disease
• The disease came into contact of mainly three kind of individuals
such as the one who used injections for drugs, people receiving
blood and the ones who come into sexual contact with an infected
person
• Symptoms of the disease include of fever, joint pain, muscle pain
and so on

Continued
• There is basically no cure for the disease but constant treatment can
keep the virus under control
• If an individual thinks that he has been infected by the virus he
could take anti-HIV medication within 72 hours of the contact
which would stop the infection
• As per the constant scrutiny of diverse factors it is crucial to
determine the occurrence of the distribution of the disease and other
conditions of the health
• There are different kind of surveillance that could be done for the
disease such as individual, local population, national population and
the International level
• Specific reasons could be such as unawareness about the causes of
the disease

Continued
• Malaria is an non-infectious disease and is basically present in the
hot tropical countries
• The parasite could be spread to various humans through the
mosquito bites
• The symptoms of the disease include high fever, anaemia, muscle
pain and profuse sweating
• Malaria could be diagnosed with the assistance of blood test
• In the case of disease like Malaria medication is prescribed to the
infected patient
• Local agencies provide welfares to the residential accommodations
for the one who need proper care

The effectiveness of different approaches and strategies
to control the incidence of disease in
communities
• There are diverse number of bearing diseases that could be a
burden to the society and it is crucial to get cure from such kind of
diseases
• Prevention from the disease is said to be the topmost priority
against the diseases with the immunization and through diverse
protocols
• The Infectious diseases such as HIV could be prevented with the
assistance of spreading awareness among the communities
regarding the disease and prevention from it
• The symptoms should be made public and they should have certain
knowledge about the ways to react towards certain symptoms

Continued
The non-infectious diseases could be controlled by keeping the
environment clean and also by having an healthy immune system
The strategies such as screening should be utilised for getting
prevented from the disease
Immunisation is also an crucial method to get prevented from the
disease and it is basically given in the form of injection
Immunisation would keep the disease away and also assist in keeping
up a healthy immune system

Research to determine what are the current priorities and approaches to
the provision of services for people with disease or illness
• There are certain chronic diseases that should be prevented on
priority
• The disease are such as Obesity, Cancer, Diabetics and so on
• HIV is one of the disease that is having large influence over the
major population in the world
• Prevention of the disease could be done on three stages such as the
primary prevention, secondary prevention and the tertiary
prevention
• Primary prevention: the primary prevention has been referring to
the preventive measures that have been utilised to prevent the
population from the major diseases

Continued
• Secondary prevention: It has been referring to the screening and
pathogens that have been utilised for preventing from the disease
by educating them
• Various agencies have established certain programs to detect the
symptoms of this diseases
• Tertiary prevention: This steps includes taking care of the patients
that have been infected by the diseases

Conclusion
• It is crucial to study the epidemiology of the diseases as it assists
in getting data regarding the incidence rates and the geographical
distributions of such diseases
• The lifestyle that is maintained by the individuals have also been
effecting the health of the people
• The basic purpose of the public health agency is to identify diverse
stages of health and science
• The authorities such as PHE and NHS have been working towards
the cure and care of the society from this infections as well as un-
infectious diseases

References
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implementing action on the social determinants of health and health
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p.795.
• Hills, A.P., Dengel, D.R. and Lubans, D.R., 2015. Supporting public health
priorities: recommendations for physical education and physical activity
promotion in schools. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 57(4), pp.368-374.
• Sallis, J.F., Owen, N. and Fisher, E., 2015. Ecological models of health
behavior. Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice, 5, pp.43-64.
• Wiist, W.H., Barker, K., Arya, N., Rohde, J., Donohoe, M., White, S., Lubens, P.,
Gorman, G. and Hagopian, A., 2014. The role of public health in the prevention
of war: Rationale and competencies. American Journal of Public Health, 104(6),
pp.e34-e47.