Theories of Counselling

Running head: THEORIES OF COUNSELLING
Theories of Counselling
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Theories of Counselling
1
According to the Dictionary of Psychology, the term counselling refers to the process
of conversation and consultation and an exchange of opinions, mutually, between the
professional and the person in need, in order to help the latter to figure out the difficulties that
he or she is perceiving (Kennedy and Arthur. 2014). According to the scholars, it is a skilled
activity involving a counsellor and counselee, where the former helps the other in order to
deal with developmental, behavioural, psychological and emotional and relational challenges
(Cutts. 2013).
In the fields of psychology there are many theories defining and explaining the various
human behaviours, which are rigorously followed and practiced by the counsellors.
Therefore, in the following essay, two of such theories will be discussed and the social
impact of the same will be analysed.
Conforming Personality Theory:-
Conformity generally refers to the behaviours that are elicited by the people in in
order to ‘fit in’ a group or belong to the society. According to the scholars, conformity refers
to relenting to the group pressure and yielding to the group behaviour, in order to belong to a
particular group or to be accepted within and by a group. Many psychologists have portrayed
this concept from different aspects and has provided distinct theories on the same concept.
Crutchfield, has illustrated upon the varied personalities of individuals and has stated that
most of the human beings have certain typical traits of conformity (Nezlek and smith. 2017).
He was of the opinion that in most of the cases, the individuals are likely to conform to the
social setting and to the group behaviour. On that note, he has pointed out certain features of
the individuals that show that they are likely to comply with the social norms.