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Theory and Practice in Language Studies - PDF

   

Added on  2021-05-30

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Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1Literature ReviewStudent Name:Institutional Affiliation:
Theory and Practice in Language Studies - PDF_1
LITERATURE REVIEW2Literature Review1.Background of the StudyThis paper discusses the nominated article for quantitative literature review, “Yilmaz, G., Caylan, N., Oguz, M., & Karacan, C. D. (2014). Oral sucrose administration to reduce pain response during immunization in 16–19-month infants: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. European journal of pediatrics, 173(11), 1527-1532. DOI 10.1007/s00431-014-2358-7”a.Health Issue The study by Yilmaz et al. (2014) describes the utility of sucrose as an analgesic during routine vaccination of children aged between 16 and 19 months old. This age coincides with various vaccinations in various countries with the oral polio vaccine, the pneumococcal vaccine, and the pentavalent vaccine predominating. The pentavalent vaccine is an intramuscular concoction of vaccines to five illnesses – whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenza type B. A common challenge for health providers offering these injectable vaccines is the incorporation of children due to the pain. b.Results of Previous Studies Reducing pain has, therefore, been an important research agenda in this area (Shah et al., 2009). Many pharmacological and non-pharmacological modalities of reducing pain have been investigated over the years. In the past, research found that sucrose has analgesic properties. c.Significance of Current Study Various previous studies confirmed the efficacy of sucrose as a viable option for reducing pain in neonates receiving various injectable vaccines (Hartfield et al., 2008). Yilmaz et al. (2014) set out to determine the efficacy of sucrose in older children.
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LITERATURE REVIEW32.Research Designa.Aim of Study Yilmaz et al. (2014) looked to determine whether 2 ml of either 75% or 25% sucrose solution could reduce the pain that children receiving injectable vaccines experienced; the researchers used the infant crying time as a scale for the pain. b.Research DesignTo achieve their objective, the researchers utilized a randomized controlled trial with placebo treatment. A randomized controlled study is the highest level of evidence in any research (Lewin et al., 2009).c.Its CharacteristicsSuch studies are able to establish causal relationships and the putative sequence between variables that suggest causality (Lewin et al., 2009). The researchers in this study utilized two experimental groups with different dose exposure to demystify the impact of increased dosage onthe subjects.d.Its Relevance to the Aim of StudyThey concluded that the experimental group that was exposed to 75% sucrose solution had lessercrying time than the one exposed to 25% sucrose hence confirming that sucrose was an effective analgesic that exhibited a dose-response effect. 3.Sampling a.Participants - The researchers recruited 694 children aged between 16 and 19 months forthe study. Of the group, they analyzed 527 children. b.Inclusion Criteria
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