Assessing the Impact of Tourism on Local Economies

This compilation of research papers and online articles provides insights into the themes of transnational tourism risk, crisis, and recovery management. The papers cover various aspects such as sustainable tourism, festival organizations, customer value in tourism services, and the impact of social media on consumer decision-making processes. Additionally, the provided online articles discuss the economical effects of terrorism attacks on tourism, visitor economy facts, and global tourist arrivals. This comprehensive collection can serve as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals seeking to understand and manage tourism-related risks and crises.

TOURIST DESTINATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Analysing main tourist destinations of the world. ...............................................................1
1.2 Analysing those statistics provided to measure tourism destinations trends........................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Comparing the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with currently developing
tourist destinations......................................................................................................................7
3.2 Analysing characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal with reference to Cuba .8
Task 4...............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Explaining issues affecting popularity of tourist destinations..............................................9
4.2 Analysing potential for responsible tourism to increase the host community at worldwide
tourist destination......................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Revenues of various countries...................................................................................4
Illustration 2: Rank of countries......................................................................................................5
Illustration 3: Global tourist arrivals................................................................................................7
1

INTRODUCTION
Tourist destination is a location where tourists come to experience natural beauty, historic
buildings, and monuments ancient and traditional values in the various nations. Further,
Government of many countries are focusing on developing tourist destinations which obligate
travellers to visit these destinations (Assaker, Vinzi and O'Connor, 2011) TUI is travel and
Tourism Corporation which provides effective travel and tourism facilities to its visitors in
various nations. The present report describes about the main tourist destinations by analyzing
visitor numbers as well as income generation. Further, it explains the statistics to determine
present and future tourism destination trends. It compares current leading tourist destination
with currently developing tourist locations. In addition to this, it describes complexities of TUI
group which creates impact on popularity of tourist destinations. It represents potentials of
responsible tourism to raise host community at the worldwide tourist destinations.
TASK 1
1.1 Analysing main tourist destinations of the world.
Generally there are various types of tourist destinations which attract travellers and
tourist at these tourist places across the world.
Tourism statistics of France
France is categorised under the top destinations in tourist destinations. Further, this
country is considered as the global market leader in the tourism sector.
 Generally, it has been witnessed that visitors have been increased 2 percent from the year
2012 to 2012 within France.
 Travel tourism industry supports the government of France to increase 7 % of the total its
GDP (Gross domestic product).
 In addition to this, France has developed itself as effective cultural tourism as compare to
of other nations (The economical effect impact of the tourism industry. 2014). Numbers of visitors were 83.7 million in the year 2014.
Tourism statistics of United Kingdom
Britain also comes under one of the top tourist destinations regarding travel and tourism.
Further, tourist visits tourism places for knowing about heritage buildings, culture, as well as
other places.
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 Further, UK achieved 8th rank among tourist destinations of countries according to
numbers of tourists.
 United Kingdom also got 8th rank across world as per expenses of visitors.
 Frequency of visitors in England was 34. 8 million according to data of 2014. Government of UK earned 125. 2 pounds billion revenues in the year 2014.
Tourism statistics of Italy
 Frequency of Italy visitors had reached 48.6 million in year 2014.
 Travel and tourism industry of Italy gained 34. 8 billion Euros profit in the year 2014. Further, France has many effective cultural history and beaches which attract travellers to
visit these tourist destinations (The economical effect impact of the tourism industry.
2014).
Tourism statistics of Spain
Spain is one of the tourist locations which lure many tourists as compare to other tourist
destinations.
 Spain is ranked at 3rd according to frequency of tourists as per data of 2013 across the
world.
 In addition to this, Country achieved second rank as per revenues generation in travel and
tourism sector.
 In Spain, this industry earned revenue of €59.08 billion in 2013. Frequency of visitors was calculated to 64.8 million in 2014.
Tourism statistics of China
Further, China has developed its tourist to attract many visitors which are described
below that are as follows.
 Travel and tourism sector of china has grown by 14% in the year 2012 as compare to
2011 (The economical effect impact of the tourism industry. 2014).
 Chinese tourism sector gained 3419 billion yuan revenues in the year 2012.
 Further, China is also considered as most attractive and beautiful country in the Asia.
3

Illustration 1: Revenues of various countries
(Source:The economical effect impact of the tourism industry. 2014)
From the above graph, this graph indicates the revenues generation of different nations
which contribute effectively to identify the most leading tourist destinations across the world.
According to data of 2014, USA, Spain as well as France are considered as the most famous
tourist places because revenues of these nations are 125, 58 along with 57 billion dollars
respectively (Source:The economical effect impact of the tourism industry. 2014).
4

Illustration 2: Rank of countries
(Source:The economical effect impact of the tourism industry. 2014)
From above graph, these data represents rank of different nations in travel and tourism
sector. As per data, France, USA as well as Spain are regarded as the top tourism locations
according to data of incoming global tourist arrivals (Source:The economical effect impact of the
tourism industry 2014).
1.2 Analysing those statistics provided to measure tourism destinations trends
As per the case scenario, tourism sector is increasing effectively in many countries.
Further, government of many nations are emphasizing on travel and tourism sector which
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provides better profit and sales (Damonte, Collins, and Megehee, 2012). Further, many
destination are not fully developed which produces problems to attract more visitors. So
development of travel and tourism sector is essential for the government to enhance overall
standards of the community. Further, increasing frequency of visitors at tourist-destinations
indicates that more facilities and services have to be offered to improve standards of people and
tourist locations in the nation. In addition to this, France, Italy, France, United Kingdom and
USA are enhancing and growing day by day as per the time. On the other hand, many nations
like Greece are showing declining trend due to lot of economic and financial issues which
produces issues to improve travel and tourism sector. However, developing tourist destinations
can be developed by solving out their problems with contribution developed countries (Elodie,
Dimanche and Mounet, 2010). This way, these nations can enhance its growth in travel and
tourism industry. As per current trend, it has been found that many countries in Europe have
applied restrictions on international investment. So these nations do not give permission to use
thier resource for improving travel and tourism industry.
As per current trend, travellers are searching attractive location which can provide them
with better and unique experience as compare to others (Ghimire, 2013). They are spending their
monetary fund on cultural, green as well as adventure tourism to take effective experience.
Along with this, they also need living, accommodation, communication along with transportation
facilities for their effective flexibility at tourist destinations. So other travel and tourism firms
and government are providing suitable efforts for developing tourism sector in many areas.
Destinations like France, UK as well as Italy have attractive cultural heritage and monuments
which attract tourist to visit these places (Hudson and Thal, 2013).
Government focuses on improving Eco- tourism in various areas. In addition to this,
European Union are emphasizes on initiating new plans, rules and regulations to enhance
business of travel and tourist industry by raising awareness towards new tourism trends. Further,
EU give more emphasizes on development of tourism industry by increasing employment
opportunities at the tourist destinations (Peeters and Dubois, 2010). Further, there are many
suggestions which can be used to increase future and present tourism trends. Some of them are
described below in points.
 Decreasing issues regarding travelling of tourist among nations
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 Developing new marketing strategies which aid to promote new and old tourist
destinations. This approach can help the government and other tourism organisations to
attract more visitors (Scott and Lemieux, 2010).
Illustration 3: Global tourist arrivals
(Source: Visitors Economy facts, 2010)
From the above graph, it shows that increasing numbers of tourist are increasing as compare
to previous years. Along with this, it is evaluated that travel and tourism industry will reach 1.56
billion till the year 2020. To get this figure, country has to promote its tourist destinations. So
this approach can aid government of many nations to achieve these goals and objective.
Country Visitor
number
2013
Visitor
numbers
2014
2014/13 %
change
Income (US$) Billion
Receipts
France 84.7 94 million +0.90 57 billion $
UK 32.7 29 -0.1 37
Germany N.A 31 38
China 20.7 59 0.35 50
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Spain 60 58 -0.8 55
USA 70 76 0.1 129
From above table, shows the frequency of visitors in these countries within period of
2013 to 14 year. In addition to this, it shows revenues of listed countries which are earned by
expenses of travellers (The economical effect impact of the tourism industry. 2014).
TASK 2
Power point presentation
TASK 3
3.1 Comparing the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with currently developing tourist
destinations
Generally characteristic, activities and economic of Germany and and North Korea is
completely different which create impact on the travel and tourism sector.
Comparative
factors
Germany North Korea
Economic
growth
Generally tourism sector of the Germany
is improving with better speed. Further,
it has offered many chances to increase
various kind of business (Sikdar and Vel,
2010). Travel and tourism sector helps
the Germany to increase its Gross
Domestic product and Gross National
Product rates. Along with this, it is
analysed that tourism industry will gain
revenue of £27 billion in the year 2025.
Further, demand of Germany is
expected to raise 3 to 5 percent (Surugiu
and Surugiu, 2013).
On the contrary note, North Korea is
effective tourist destination but it is
unable to attract visitors as compared
to Germany. So these situations do
not contribute effectively to increase
economic growth. Along with this,
visitors prefer less to tourist
destination of North Korea due to bad
image in their minds (Xiang and
Gretzel, 2010).
Political Political situations like government Political situation of North Korea
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condition stability, income of level people,
infrastructure, reduced corruption level,
average taxes and tariffs help to raise its
business of tourism sector. So these
aspects supports helps this industry to
raise its growth as compare to previous
years in the Germany (Ashworth and
Page, 2011).
does not appropriate as compare to
Germany. In addition, Single party is
ruled on North Korea which produces
complete monopoly. Along with this,
Government of this nation is suffered
with many kind of Up down. Due to
these causes, travel and tourism
industry of North Korea does not
improved as comparison of Germany.
Numbers of
visitors
Generally numbers of visitors are
approximate 30 million every years due
to its better culture, historic buildings ,
forests, shopping malls as well as sports
which attract the visitors in Germany.
Frequency of tourist in North Korea is
approximate 11 million which is One
third part of Germany. However,
government of North Korea is trying
to give priorities on improvement of
travel and tourism sector which can
support to raise its industry (Carlsen,
2011).
Product
development
Government of Germany and firms are
giving their effective contribution for
new innovation of tourism product and
services in the present sector. This
approach contribute effectively to
increase its business travel and tourism
sector (Dickinson, Lumsdon and
Robbins, 2011).
Earlier, Government of North Korea
was not taking any steps towards
development of tourism industry.
Further, they spend money on the
sector except tourism sector.
Nowadays, by recognizing demand of
tourists, they are spending more
money to improve travel and tourism
industry which helps to increases its
revenues from this sector.
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3.2 Analysing characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal with reference to Cuba
Cuba is nation which are come under Caribbean island. Generally, It is ruled by
communist party. This nation is popular and famous because of due its beaches which contains
white sand. Along with this, Havana is Capital of Cuba which attracts many visitors. In addition
to this, travellers comes from many countries to visit attractive Spanish colonial architecture
(Graci and Dodds, 2010). Further, Classical dances such as Cha Cha, Bolero and Mambo is
quite popular which lure the foreigners and tourists to visit these places in the Cuba. Along with
this, there are many characteristics of Cuba which attract the people which are described below
in the points.
Geography and location: Geography and location is appropriate characteristic which
supports to increase frequency of travellers at tourist destinations. This country is lied on the east
of Gulf of Mexico in the world (Kennett‐Hensel, 2010). Further, average temperature of Cuba is
approximate 24 to 25 degree which entertain people and visitors. In addition to this, Cuba is
neither too hot and not more cold which lure most tourist to take better enjoy on the beaches. So
these geographical situations help the country to enhance numbers of visitors at its tourist
destinations.
Demographic conditions: Total population of Cuba is approximate 11.17 billion and
more than half of its total people are come under mulatto. In addition to this, 11% people of
Cuba's are categorised under Negro which are black person. Further, 37% of total population are
come under white people in the country (Abou-Shouk, Lim and Megicks, 2016).
Architecture and urbanization: Mainly, culture of this nation is very distinct and it is
mixture of African, Asian, French as well as Spanish culture. In addition to this, major
architecture are designed in Spanish culture which lure many domestic and international people
at tourist destinations. In the Cuba, there are many lane, churches as well as attractive
monuments which aids to improve travel and tourism sector. Urbanization level of this nation is
also effective due to effective improvement of cities which aids the tourist to achieve effective
services at tourist destinations (Cohen and et.al., 2014). So this characteristic also motivates the
travellers and people to visit tourism place of Cuba.
Food: Generally, variety of root vegetables, fruits are developed due to existence of
tropical climate in country. In addition to this, they are used in the meals which are cooked by
people. Further citizens of people use many kind of food such as Cuban sandwich, fried pork
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skins, Chicharrones, black beans as well as white rices which are used by people and visitors
(Gallarza,Gil-Saura and Holbrook, 2012).
Task 4
4.1 Explaining issues affecting popularity of tourist destinations
TUI group has been given appropriate efforts to promote sustainable tourism in the
various countries. In addition to this, there are many complexities which produces negative
impact on the popularity of tourist destinations. Some of them are described as follows.
Terrorist attacks: It is one of important issue which create adverse effect on frequency of people
at tourist destinations. As per current trend, terrorist activities are increased as comparison of
previous years. They create fear in mind of domestic and international travellers which reduces
numbers of them from tourist destinations. So to manage these kind of operation, management of
TUI group sort out these issues with help of governmental security agencies (Lundberg, Fredman
and Wall-Reinius, 2014). For example, before few months ago, terrorist attack of Paris also
created so much fear in mind of the local and international visitors in the nation (Parris attacks,
2016). Along with this, many people and travellers were killed in brutal attack. Further,
government of France suffered loss of many public and private property in Paris. So these kind
of terrorist activity can create negative effect on the travel and tourism business for sustainable
amount of time in the France. In addition to this, it also created adverse impact on the economic
and political conditions of nation.
Natural disaster: Natural disaster can create negative impact on the popularity of tourist
destinations (Xiang,Magnini and Fesenmaier, 2015). Further, it can also affect travel and tourism
operations of TUI group which can generate higher loss in the affected areas. In addition to this,
it can create threat for people and visitors in the affected areas which can produce many
problems for them. For example, For example, current earthquake of Nepal produced many loss
of public and private properties and human life which was one of popular destination for local
people and visitors. Along with this, It also created negative impact on the economic growth of
Nepal which produced issues to improve travel and tourism industry. Now days, In Nepal, this
kind of natural disaster decrease frequency of visitors which reduced its income (Beirman,
Ritchie and Campiranon, 2014). So these type of problems also generate bad negative impact on
business of TUI group at the tourist destinations.
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Disease: It can be one of important issue for TUI group which creates complexities to manage
travel and tourism activities. If the any kind of severe diseases the spread at famous tourist places
then it will create impact on the business of travel and tourism sector. Further, many travellers
consider this kind of aspects before visiting any tourist destinations because it can produce
danger of their life. So disease can reduce numbers of travellers at tourism places which can
directly create effect on the business operations and activities of TUI group (Assaker, Vinzi, and
O'Connor, 2011).
4.2 Analysing potential for responsible tourism to increase the host community at worldwide
tourist destination
Responsible tourism can be determined as process for developing or improving tourism
in a such way which helps to attain benefits in terms of economy, environment and society. In
addition to this, it focus on decreasing the cost which is utilized in improvement of travel and
tourism sector. In a present days, when tourist locations are improved in a systematic manner
then government of country and corporation do not take these issues seriously regarding
environment and society (Damonte, Collins and Megehee, 2012).
Responsible tourism is a approach which completely focus on the improvement of
sustainable tourism. Management of TUI group ensure that environment and local people living
their life in nearby community do not effected adversely at the time of improving tourist
destinations in the many areas. with the contribution of sustainable tourism, corporation develops
tourist destination which provides better sustainability to society, economy and environment of
specific area. At the present situation, travellers likes to visit tourist destinations which promotes
sustainable tourisms at the various places. This kind of tourism aids to maintain natural
environment for long amount of time (Elodie, Dimanche and Mounet, 2010). Further, TUI group
is running its operations and activities in these countries like Cuba, Egypt, Jamaica, Costa,
Thailand and Ric Mexico which aids to motivate tourism industry. In addition to this,
corporation offers quality services such as better transportation, accommodation, health car
services and food which aids to enhance host community at tourist places of world wide. These
approaches aids TUI group to improve its image front of people and travellers in these areas. In
addition to this, Responsible tourism can be advertised by improving effective tourism locations
regarding travel and tour packages (Ghimire, 2013).
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In addition to this, TUI group is responsible to handle these problems regarding terrorist
activities which are faced by many tourist destinations like Turkey as well as Egypt. For this,
effective activities and approaches are essential to decrease these kind of process and save life of
travellers and local people who are living in the various societies. So these kind of activities will
help the TUI group to enhance frequency of numbers of customers at different tourist
destinations (Hudson and Thal, 2013). To raise the host community at worldwide tourist
destination, TUI Group needs to deal with health and safety of all its tourists. development in
approaches in respect of marketing, promotion of these places are essential to increase its profit
at various tourist destinations. Along with this, these approaches also contribute effectively to
generate better awareness regarding tourist location in visitors as well as local people. They help
travel and tourism industry to enhance its business by advertising new tourist destinations such
as Cuba and Thailand (Scott and Lemieux, 2010).
In addition to this, Cuba is one of country who is adopting sustainable tourism for better
improvement of society, environment and economy. For this, TUI group improve many tourist-
destinations which aid to increase frequency of consumers. In addition to this, this process
reduce negative impact on society, environment and economy in the Cuba (Cuba. 2016).
CONCLUSION
From the report, it is found that better appropriate business statistical knowledge aids the
government to improve travel and tourism sector by designing better strategies. It guides the
other corporations and regulatory authorities to identify present as well as travel and tourism
trends in present industry. Further, political condition, numbers of visitors, economic growth
along with product development of North Korea and Germany provide effective flexibility for
better comparison for development of travel and tourism sector. In addition to this, architecture,
geography, demographics as well as urbanization helps to identify the existing situation of travel
and tourism sector in Cuba. Various type of severe diseases, terrorist attacks and natural disasters
create negative impact on travel and tourism operations of TUI group in the affected areas. It
can be concluded that responsible tourism contribute effectively to increase host community at
the world wide tourist destinations.
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