Transculture in Nursing: Child Marriage among Ethnicities in Malaysia

This report discusses the transcultural belief and practice of child marriage among various ethnicities in Malaysia. It explores the legal and cultural aspects of child marriage and its impact on the physical and mental health of children. The report also provides opinions on this issue with evidence and suggests solutions to control child marriage. The subject is Transculture in Nursing and the course code is not mentioned. The college/university is not mentioned.

TRANSCULTURE IN
NURSING

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Discuss the transcultural belief of child marriage among various ethnicities in Malaysia .........3
Practices of child marriage among various ethnicities in Malaysia.............................................5
lDiscussion on opinion on this child marriage issue....................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Transculture in nursing is defined as the nursing which analyses and evaluates the
cultural differences while focusing on the individual’s needs and preferences on large scale
(Gillson and et.al., 2019).
The report will analyse the transcultural belief and practice of child marriage among various
ethnicities in Malaysia by providing opinion on this issue with evidence. The culture and legal
sayings of Malaysian government for child marriage will be denoted which will help in
observing the child marriage concept being followed there along with the practices which are
being framed to follow effectively by society and the cultural groups. Along with this, various
points and facts will be described which will help in defining the concept of how child marriages
is the most increased and important topic in Malaysia. Further, various practices will help in
framing and knowing topic of child marriage on large scale while observing basic information
provided by the Malaysian legal laws.
MAIN BODY
Discuss the transcultural belief of child marriage among various ethnicities in Malaysia
Transcultural belief is the term which is defined as the nursing study that incorporates and
focuses on the behaviour of cultural groups which is denoted by their beliefs, values, behavioural
patterns etc (Sashidharan, 2018). Transcultural belief is the cross cultural belief in which the
topic is provide for the child marriage which helps in identifying the process of how the child
marriages are done among various ethnicities in Malaysia.
Child marriage is very controversial in Malaysia and in this matter political parties are
involved which is directly related to the concern of how the child marriages are being done on
the scale of various parties involved for their benefit on large political grounds. There was high
number of child marriage applications in Malaysia in the year 2014. There are various other
cases of child marriage within different ethnicities in Malaysia (Kohno and et.al., 2019).
Statistics show that the child marriage in Malaysia is rising and there were many cases involving
one minor Muslim. There were many child marriage applications which were sent to the court
under which all the cases were observed and analysed. But at that extent the main thing which

was observed was that in the child marriage many of the women were facing mental health
problems which were represented by the medical and psychological reports on large scale in
Malaysia. The council in this perspective that child marriage was not an obligatory act as there is
nothing encouraged in the aspect of child marriage but the main reason was that the country was
suffering the child marriage abuse which affected them physically and mentally on all grounds.
The council then decided in their judgement that marriage must only be done when the couple
are mature in judgement, physically and psychologically prepared (Kohno, 2020). And this is the
main reason why all the aspects are in consideration of how the things are being taken into
accordance and inn priority for child marriage which is illegal in Malaysia and most of the other
countries. Malaysia along with various ethnicities followed the scale of transculture belief in
child marriage which turned out to be at very scale when observed and measured.
Various cultures and ethnicities in Malaysia are facing this child marriage problem which
has been increasing the scale of how the things are taken into application and functioning of the
point is being done. The main reason why the child marriage is supported in Malaysia apart from
being illegal is due to the involvement of the political parties which are benefitting from this
factor of how different cultures are involved in it. This is the main reason why child marriage is
propaganda in Malaysia in spite of being illegal (Sarwari and et.al., 2017). The Malaysian
Human Rights Commission (SUHAKAM) has made a firm stand against child marriage on both
transcultural and in caste marriages taking place in Malaysia between any groups of children.
The chairman of SUHAKAM said that due to child marriage the children should not be bounded.
SUHAKAM also insisted to increase the legal age of marriage of children to 18 years for both
men and women in all the domestic law which are in concern of child as per stated in Child Act.
In Malaysia, child marriage is associated with various challenges in legislation and enforcement
and the sexual experience. There are some of the personal legal beliefs which are followed in
Malaysia which is affecting the whole process of marriage and this in turn is taken care of how
the things are observed in the society and within different cultures or ethnicities in Malaysia
(Bakar and et.al., 2019). On this negative view point all the aspects are on the basis of how child
marriage is to be protected as it is increasing on high scale in Malaysia. There is a practice in
Malaysia which is related to child marriage as it denotes that an individual should remain virgin
until marriage which is a legal practice followed in Malaysia. This is the main reason which is
hampering and is a serious issue in Malaysia which is affecting whole of the process of marriage

in the country. Due to child marriage happening increasingly on high scale, children are not able
to focus in making career and this has created great difficulties for them leading them to mental
health problems.
Thus, transcultural belief of child marriage among various ethnicities in Malaysia is main
problem which has led to children being more concerned about their future and health. Due to
this, the main perspective of how things are taken into consideration is on large scale which has
created problems and has legally been not on grounds of approval for the Malaysian people
(Kuan and et.al., 2019). Thus, transcultural belief is the belief for child marriage is major aspect
which is not on the scale of assurance and this is how the basis of how the potentiality and the
scale of considering the fact that child marriage is an abuse to the children who are not able to
live their life and decide upon their own decisions which creates problem for society and culture.
The child marriage aspect has also led to many problems on legal and official judiciary terms.
Practices of child marriage among various ethnicities in Malaysia
On the basis of analysis and record most of the culture believes in child marriage.
According to the data in the Malaysia most of the family trusts in child marriage. Based on
analysis many families doped the children schools, and then they force them for marriage. Low
education is the biggest impact that child marriage. Education provide better upstanding that
which things are beneficial but most of the people are not educated that is the reason children are
affects from the child marriage. According to social norms government not permit the child
marriage. They consider fixed age of child marriage. Many parents believe that marriage is
solution to increase the family. Because when the low age girls become pregnant and people
thing that one more member will go for their income resource. Poor understanding of sexual
directly affect the health of the children. The Malaysia chief minister consider the fix age for
child marriage that girls age should be sixteen and male age should be eighteen. Community
social norms accept child marriage not a healthy processor for childes. The Malaysia country
government member prepare structure for better understanding of child marriage. They prepare
advertising for the people that they gain some knowledge and follow the rules about child
marriage. The child marriage now still a common part for some culture. After get educated some
people mindset is not change, so it directly affects the mental and physical health of children.

According to Malaysia court judge research that people believe that marriage is solution
that child become support for family they manage house problem. Malaysia's government
prepare methods for the child marriage research, They explore and prepare structure, and they
ask that how they feel after marriage, what kind of health problem they face and many more. The
major solution is only that people become educated, this is the only option for government
(Kohno, A., and et,al., 2020).
After the whole research and depth understanding some factors are concluded that its
directly affect the health, poverty etc. Child marriage also affect the social environment. Village
people and their low education has been affects the environment. Government decide they take
sample from child marriage women. Women specify that they are face lots of problems after get
marriage. Collection of data and proper study government focuses on development of education
level of people in Malaysia is compulsory. They prepare lows and regulation on child marriage.
Solution of this process is important aspect.
The most critical aspect is gender discrimination. People consider that men are powerful
and women are only for become housewives, and mother. Social norms and values increase the
child marriage. Solution for the social norm's those are only created by people government take
strict action on that for control on that.
People thought that early marriage of their children raise the income of their family. But
they not consider that early marriage increase the expenses of the family. It increases poverty in
the country economic. The major disappointment is the child marriage directly affect the
economy of the country, Families their children lower education awareness damage the
economic growth (Mobolaji, Fatusi and Adedini, 2020).
Education is best option that people become broad-minded but the force of social culture most of
the people do child marriage. Education is victim for controlling child marriage but many
reasons people not consider this.
The whole research after Malaysia's government divide different department for control
on child marriage. According the research of recent data so many people apply regulation of
government. Strict regulations and laws may be change the economic environment those are
creates by the poor education. The child marriage will not control in any country this will
directly affects their economic system. It creates lack of opportunities and growth of the country.
Malaysia's government, teachers and many educated people try to develop so many factors that

people change their thought process. And try to apply senior education for their childes. They
open so many facilities for children that they can create healthy environment and the education
level increase in their children. They prepare function, prices that those families not believe in
child marriage, so they can maintain the economic growth and good environment. New schools,
collage development can helpful for maintain the Malaysia social and economic environment
become more change (Ghani, and et.al., 2021).
lDiscussion on opinion on this child marriage issue
Child marriage a marriage between children which is crime it causes many problems for
children as well as it address the societal issue. Its adverse effect can be seen on development of
children in many cases' girl child has been losing their lives. The main cause of child marriage
can be poverty, cultural tradition and dowry which forced people to commit such crime, or in
many societies it is practice of their traditions which is serious issue (De?er, 2018). In Malaysia
both boys and girls are affected by the child marriage, mostly girls are affected as they are forced
to do marriage against their wills they suffer with domestic violence which leads many girls'
death in Malaysia. Child marriage before age of 18 is a violation of human rights in spite of law
it is dangerous and vulnerable practice. Child marriage can lead to a lifetime suffering as at very
young age children's are tied in a knot where they cannot enjoy their childhood or forced to
follow this crime committed by their guardians. Factors suggested that most of the girls of age 15
are forced to marriage in Malaysia, as the legal law in Malaysia is prevented by two factors that
their marriage factor can be determined by their political law or by their shariah law therefore,
children are suffering in Malaysia. According to their shariah law the age for marriage is 16 for
girls and 18 for boys therefore the children are suffering because of their dual legal country law (
Sanjaya and et.al 2018).
South Asia has the highest rate of child marriage, almost half of the women reported that
they married before the age of 18. Child marriage cause many problems for children as their
physical development can be affected, it violates the human right as well as children's right.
Children's are forced to live according to their guardians that will increase the anxieties and
depression in children. This crime need to be stopped for the betterment of children because of
this many girls suffer with domestic violence or also suffer from diseases which can cause threat
to their life (Makhtar and Ab Kadir, 2019). In Malaysia country child marriage stops the growth

of girl child in their knowledge factor as they are restricted to go school and for studies therefore
it increases the illiteracy in girls, so they can't be able to make earning for themselves their
contribution towards their society will be null. So this issue need to be resolved in order to
development of their community and country. Child marriage prevents the childhood of children
it gives negative effect on their life as they are prohibited to continue their education, their health
development badly impacted by this practice. Child marriage not only badly affect girl but it also
affects their family community.
Factors suggest that in Malaysia the main reason for child marriage is their conservative
culture which determined the age of marriage for their boys and girls. Poverty is the main key
factor for child marriage but in the case of Malaysia there is a conservative legal law which
promotes child marriage (Herlina, Asikin and Husni, 2019). In Malaysia child marriage leads
devastated health problems in children as they suffer from dangerous virus HIV or AIDS
therefore they need to stop their conservative law to stop this kind of activities for the betterment
of their citizens. Because of the child marriage many girls in Malaysia suffered physically and
psychologically. For the development of any society children plays an important role as they
have great imagination which can help them to give their best effort in the growth of their
country, but child marriage can destroy their imagination and also stops their growth therefore
child marriage needs to completely banned. Child marriage restricts the growth and development
of skills in children when they become young they were not been able to find earning source for
themselves as they do not allowed to complete their education because of their marriage which
increase the unemployment rate in their country and some are forced to finish their lives, that is
why child marriage is the act of human violation and it really need to ban.
In Malaysia society needs to change their perspective and also need to change their
orthodox thoughts for the economic development of their company. Child marriage is affecting
their literacy rate in their citizen as because of this act children are not abled to complete their
education which is causing the development of their literacy rate in their country. People in
Malaysia needs to think that child marriage can cause danger to their children government need
to pass a law to stop such vulnerable child marriage activities for the growth of their country.
The topic of child marriage need to addressed to stop this vulnerable activity as in many societies
people still follows this custom of child marriage which needs to stop to protect the rights of
children (Ridzuan and et.al 2018). To prevent the child marriage Malaysian government can

empower their girls to become self-esteem by completing their education, boys can develop the
skills which can be beneficial for them to get a earning.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that child marriage is the act of human violation
right, a crime which was committed by the guardian of children, this practice of human violation
law need to be stopped. Child marriage stops the development in children and also caused the
problem for country to move forward. If a country supports the child marriage then their
economic rate will be affected as child marriage restricts the child to complete their studies
therefore illiteracy rate will increased among children and it will affect their country's economic
growth. Report further described about the practices and opinion factor regarding this child
marriage issue. Child marriage need to stop as it developed the anxieties and depression among
children they are forced to lose their value which affect their mental and physical state, also
some child forced to suffer health problems, therefore child marriage needs to completely
banned.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
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Gillson, S. and et.al., 2019. THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING CULTURAL DIVERSITY
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Diversity.26(3).
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from the Unrecorded Marriage. International Journal of Multicultural and
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Kohno, A. and et.al., 2019. In-depth examination of issues surrounding the reasons for child
marriage in Kelantan, Malaysia: a qualitative study. BMJ open.9(9).p.e027377.
Kohno, A., 2020. Exploring the Background Factors of Child Marriage in Malaysia: A
Qualitative Study.
Kuan, K.J. and et.al., 2019. Relationship between Alienation and Suicide Ideation among
Malaysian Indians.
Makhtar, M. and Ab Kadir, N.A., 2019. Child Marriages and the Right to Education: The Legal
and Social Perspectives. International Journal. 4(15). pp.18-26.
Ridzuan, A.R. and et.al 2018. Factors of Disapproving of Early Marriage in
Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social
Sciences. 8(10). pp.915-926.
Sanjaya, A. and et.al 2018. Early marriage and its relationship with child development. Indian
Journal of Public Health Research and Development. 9(9). pp.193-197.
Sarwari, A.Q. and et.al., 2017. Study of the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and
intercultural communication competence among international postgraduate students: A
case study at University Malaysia Pahang. Cogent Social Sciences.3(1).p.1310479.
Sashidharan, S.P., 2018. Ideology and politics in transcultural psychiatry. In Transcultural
psychiatry (pp. 158-178). Routledge.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals