Travel and Tourism Sector: Historical Development, Structure, and Impact

This assignment explores the travel and tourism sector, examining its historical development, structure, and impact. It delves into key historical milestones, the intricate framework of the industry, and the role of government, sponsored bodies, and international agencies. The assignment also analyzes the influence of economic policies and political changes on the sector, highlighting the factors affecting tourism demand and how supply has adapted to meet these demands. Finally, it evaluates the positive and negative economic, environmental, and social impacts of tourism, proposing strategies to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive ones.

Travel and Tourism Sector
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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector..............................................4
Historical development timeline............................................................................................................4
1.2 Explain the structure of travel and tourism sector............................................................................6
LO2.......................................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Function of the government, sponsored bodies and international agencies in TTS..........................8
2.2 Explain how the local and national economic policy impact the success of the travel and tourism
sector...................................................................................................................................................11
2.3 Discuss the implications of the political change on the travel and tourism sector in different
countries..............................................................................................................................................13
LO3.....................................................................................................................................................17
3.1 Explain factors affecting tourism demand.....................................................................................17
3.2 How supply has changed the TUI group to meet the effects of demand........................................18
LO4.....................................................................................................................................................20
4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impact of tourism. 20
4.2 Strategies to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive impacts..........................20
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................22
References...........................................................................................................................................23
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Introduction
The subsequent facts regarding travel and tourism business is demonstrated in this
assignment. The assignment will state the highly structured evolution of tourism and recent
framework of tour business. The initial segment will describe the foremost historical
expansions within travel and tourism and explain the framework of the tourism business. In
the second segment, it will illustrate the role of the association and other administrational
bodies in tour industry and it will also explain with the influence of financial tactics on the
tour division. The third segment will comprise the illustration of the essential aspects which
implement the tourism in some countries. The last part will illustrate the positive and
negative effects of tour on a nation’s environment, economy, and society. It will also offer the
tactics for reducing the negative effects and increasing the positive effects.
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1.1 Explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector
Historical development timeline
Time phase Development
 3000 BC  Tour industry was prepared and considered as business-related
in Egypt.
 1500 BC  Tour industry was primarily beginner for spiritual reasons.
Later leisure and holiday travelling was implemented in Egypt.
 6 BC  Conventional and ideological structure was unlocked.
 5 BC  Greece begins its holiday trade sincerity methods.
 Middle age  European inhabitants fetched holiday into practicality.
 16 AD  Europeans started actions.
 1840  Thomas Cook was the original Englishmen to preparation
outstanding travelling packages.
 1990  Global airline like Delta and American airlines were improved.
 20th century  Spreading out of Travel and Tourism business in numerous
points.
In the middle era between 1006 and 1485 travelling was mostly for wealthy and noble people.
It was also the methods to brag the social importance of individuals. Prosperous inhabitants
facilitated to explore in a community, together with their servants and maids (Alazaizeh et al.,
2016). Transport services were not introduced in this era so they have to carry all those things
which will require during journey or travelling. The individuals mainly travel for spiritual
reasons.
Within 18th century and 19th century there was an enhancement in transport with the
innovation of railway and steamers (Du Cros and McKercher, 2014).
. This also let the individual beside wealthy people to explore. Holiday packages were also
introduced in this era. These also allow the women to travel independently first time.
In 20th century after the introduction of air transport it become a universal means of transport
which saves times during travelling but it was expensive during that time and it was afforded
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by less people. The tourism business was increased so much with high profit during this
period. Disposals earnings was increased which allowed additional individuals within the
globe to explore. Travel and tourism is the profit business which reduces the gaps among the
nations and also make massive profit entire world.
Historical Development poster
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1.2 Explain the structure of travel and tourism sector
Travel and tourism business is a massive industry. Just because of this reason it can be
demonstrated into a numerous divisions. It is illustrated below the entire framework of the
tour and travel industry with brochure:
Figure 1: Structure of travel and tourism sector
Different segments of travel and tourism sector has been described below:
Transportation
Transportation is a foremost and fundamental component of the travel and tour business.
Because of this transportation is most essential for visiting too many sites and several tour
places. Mainly entire transportation like rail services, airlines services, cab services, cruise
services and bus services are facilitated through social explorer (Du Cros and McKercher,
2014).
An authority and administration of the nation’s plays a vital function in the expansion of their
transportation services. It is considered as the tour and travel business is increasing with the
increase in transportation methods (Alazaizeh et al., 2016). Transportation is very convenient
and it also saves times but most of the travellers observe the expenditure of the transportation
rather than security and safety of the travellers.
Attraction and tourism sites
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Most of the visitors are pulling towards the natural beauty of a region before the artificial
beauty which is man-made. Travellers have interest to travel the sites which is full of natural
beauty for pleasure rather than man-made beauty like statues, monuments, etc. Travellers also
want to visit many historical and cultural views of the sites. Social attractions are the
furthermost features in tour business as the visitors wants for eye-catching sites to visits.
There are numerous sorts of eye-catching sights like, historical attraction, natural attraction,
cultural attraction, and man-made attractions.
Accommodation
Accommodation is also the foremost leading aspects in travel and tour industry. It offers food
and lodging during the time of travelling. It is also most high-priced part of tour and travel
business because it provides food, shelter and many other leisure activities. Mainly travellers
travel in search of peace and stressful destination to spend some crucial time with their
families (Wu et al., 2015). The tour operator provides various services to their clients like
spa, gym, fitness activities, food, beverages, etc. The tour operators also provides various
accommodation selections like homes, hotels, guest house, resorts and many other leisure
places.
Enquiry and information
Knowledge and facts regarding the travellers demands to explore latest sites and their needs.
There are various tour operators in tour and travel business which provides essential data and
records regarding tour destinations to the travellers. Many selection and assisting services are
given by the tour operators like offices for enquiry, information departments, guides, etc
provided by the tour operators to the visitor for their expediency which help them to travel
easily.
Tour planning
In the present open market situation, tactics and tour plan is foremost because the tourism
business is running forward of the development of travel around. The tour operators provide
complete packages to their clients that involve many services like accommodation,
transportation and food.
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LO2
2.1 Function of the government, sponsored bodies and international agencies in TTS
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The essential roles of the administration in tour and travel business are forming trade and its
methods and making strategies and plan to make simpler the travelling business of the nation
and displaying the benefits of the tour inside the nations. The administration of the nation
also gives many facilities and services for the social interest. It consequently develop the
advantages of the tourism of the nations, the administration of the nations encourages its
places both internationally and nationally. The administration of the nation is liable for
setting up friendly connections with different other nations by opening appropriate transforms
rules and regulation.
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The investors’ bodies are liable for investing in tour business for the improvement of
their services. Several roles of administrational investors’ bodies are offering securities and
safety to the travellers, organizing the yearly details for improving the trade.
Responsibilities of worldwide bodies involve normalizing the processes and rules and
regulations of global for making easy worldwide tour, making sure regarding their safety and
security of the travellers while visiting to different nations, regulating the service outline,
reducing the negative effects of tour, working as consign in the processes of many states, etc.
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2.2 Explain how the local and national economic policy impact the success of the travel
and tourism sector
The restricted strategies and financial essentially effects the growth of travel and tour
business of a state. The administration of the nations facilitates financial strategies to
improve the tour and travel business in their nations. The administrations of the nations create
clearly aimed strategies to promote the tour business. These involve VISA tactics and
colonization, taxes imposed on visitors and improvement of infrastructure like roads, airports
and hotels, etc. Few administrational financial strategies which do not affect the tour business
straight but it do eventually. Like financial strategies are not directly affect the tour business
but it affects indirectly due to the fluctuation of rate of nations currency.
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When the rate currency falls of some nations then the services to those nations
increase as the cost of tourism is less expensive during that time more visitors attracts
towards those nations. Few administrations provide funds to the tour business to increase
their services to attract more visitors to the nations. Theses funding is also facilitated to
enhance the situation of many travel sites.
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2.3 Discuss the implications of the political change on the travel and tourism sector in
different countries
The tour business is badly influenced by the disputes between different political bodies of
other nations. Like in the nations which have strong political significance it will attract
additional visitors. If the nation is experiencing the political disputes then it will directly
provide negative affects in the tour business on those nations. Few years back there was a
dispute between two administrational bodies which at a point it reaches to the airport in
Thailand capital. This sort of political insecurity influences the tour business of the nation in
harmful methods.
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Furthermore, political transform in tourist visiting nation can also influence the tour
business in different nations. For instance, the tour business in Cuba is vanished following the
US inhabitants were limited to take a trip to Cuba. Not every political dispute has negative
effect on tourism some have positive affect also to develop tour business. Like in UK,
strategies are increased through political methods to promote the tour business and it also aids
it to expand. Due to this reason, tour is very famous in all over world. The UK
administrations has not made any restriction to their countries it is open to all.
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Clearly the strictness of the consequence depends on the sort of political transform
happened. As in Egypt, there is a political confusion is presently going on. Several foreigners
are observing the ways to escape because they are also suffering from this. The ATMs are
blanked in many regions of Egypt. Despite the fact that it is not last but it will definitely
dispirit many visitors for travelling Egypt.
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LO3
3.1 Explain factors affecting tourism demand
There is a need of concerning the tour sites that deeply attractive and beautiful by TUI to
accomplish the desire and requirements of the travellers.
Demographical factors
Presently the travellers like to travel places that are more beautiful and fascinating relating to
culture, fashion and tradition. Location with natural sites like beaches, hill stations and lakes
is liable to attract additional visitors (Ashworth & Larkham, 2013). Numerous visitors are
also fascinated by the conventional advance of the native inhabitants. These sorts of travellers
like to visit the places which have well-built cultural and historical surroundings.
Technological factors
Technological developments in tour and travel business have transformed the entire
framework of tour services in TUI group. TUI groups also offer the entertainment and leisure
actions to travellers’ demands and desires and it also provide safety and security during
travelling to other nations. Several latest technologies facilitated by the TUI groups for their
safety and security of the travellers with GPS tracing, observing equipments and monitoring
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methods. TUI groups have been doing well in improving the clients’ safety and security by
utilizing of modern technology which created ease business for TUI group.
Economical factors
The economical significance of the travellers and the sites are mostly influenced by ten tour
and travel business (Raj and Griffin, 2015). TUI group offer various holiday packages fort
various travellers. Consecutively the exact expenses and proper margin should be recognised
by TUI groups. In various tour industries the trade is forced to transmit with the policies and
planning prepared in accordance with the expanse of travellers.
Globalization
Globalization has effected in the modification of operation and creative models of workforce.
There has been requirement for the implementation of global values (Bourdeau and Gravari
2016). Globalization has not simply effected in the expansion in competition but it also
started to increase in extent of takings huge benefits with everlasting group of clients. To
operate in many regions TUI requires supporting the administration and also required to
tracking the rules and tactics.
3.2 How supply has changed the TUI group to meet the effects of demand
The present situation of the trade has varied the client’s desires and the tour industry’s
policies in extreme technique (Raj et al., 2013). TUI group has customized the business
methods for fulfilling the consumer’s needs. In several region supply increased which is
stated below:
Provisions: consecutively to reduce client difficulty during holidays, TUI has added
additional abilities in accommodation and food facilities in common travel packages (Wells
et al., 2015). Giving reasonable offer in holiday packages to the consumers which assist to
assure their applicable demands and requirements and it also saved their money during
travelling.
Quality: demographical aspects influencing the tour of a country can be modified to attain
advantages by increasing or developing the functioning value in accordance with the
requirements of the travellers.
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Types of products: the excursion packages generated through TUI group in accordance with
the financial situation of the nation. Many open markets have to cover with these packages.
This will also permit TUI group to offer a range of holiday packages.
Technical alterations: The TUI group requires watching the contribute chain and creating
additional aspects in tour. The industry is varying its methods of booking and reservation into
online procedure to create its technical procedures easy and applicable (Ashworth &
Larkham, 2013). To locate the travellers for their safety .and security TUI is giving the
visitors with tracing tools.
TUI is giving modern tour packages to accomplish additional travellers. They are offering
universal packages like yearly packages in which 4 members can visit 5 destinations every
year. Several other packages are also offered by TUI groups like free beverages and foods
services during a tour of 15 days and extra (Gregory-Smithet al., 2017). It provides for
specified reasons of giving additional services and provides advantages to the travellers. TUI
has managed progressed technologies like booking and reservation services online and also
provide online payment procedures.
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LO4
4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impact
of tourism
Spain and Egypt are occupied into concern to represent the affects successfully. The affects
are excellent in both nations. They are as follow:
Economical impact
The economic situations of Spain are succession every day. The economic situation of the
country has developed approximately around 3.2 % in 2017 which is very large than 2016.
There is a calculation that can increase by further 2.7% in the year end (Bourdeau and
Gravari, 2016). Rather than this, Egypt’s financial situations are determined basically on the
core economy to accomplish the positive outcome on the tour business. But recently it s
economic situation has decreased by 3.3%. This had several negative influences on the
inbound tour business of Egypt. TUI is mandatory to design profitable policies to deal with
the present financial situation of the nation.
Social impact
The positive influence on the activities and roles of TUI is the desire of extreme luxurious
and standard sites by the inhabitants of Spain. As the year is passing the entire investment has
been increasing by 3.5%. Besides this, the population of foreigner’s travellers is decreasing
every day because of the political conflicts and instability in Egypt (EdgellSr, 2016). The
earnings and proceeds of the tour business in Egypt are getting diminished as a consequence
on Egyptian revolution. It was confirmation to be 250 million Euros in 2010 and it decreased
up to 10.5 million Euros in 2016.
Environmental impact
With respect to IOECD, Spain is in important stage of improving and developing their
preservation and conservation rules and laws, its environmental system in turn to
increase the policy of green accommodation in TUI’s actions (Sharpley and Stone, 2014).
Therefore, TUI has to be liable for managing all matters that outcomes additional traveller’s
attraction for using their environment and sustainable responsive trip.
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4.2 Strategies to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive impacts
Decrease the negative impacts
 Inside the present situation of the business, extreme increase in prices is the worst
circumstance. To refuse this circumstance, TUI can give offer on combo packages and
tour packages to the clients connected to the social agencies (Timothy, 2017). These
methods can assist the tourism businesses to increase different techniques to earn
revenues and profits.
 Holiday packages that eradicated the tour business incomes should be refused
(Hartmann, 2014). Holiday packages are required to be aimed in such techniques that
it covers the seasonal and climatic aspects.
 None of the nation should totally rely on the tour business. Over-dependable has harsh
impact in the country’s financial improvement. Administration of infrastructure
should not impact environmental situations of the nation.
Increasing the positive impacts
It has been experienced currently that the tour business has accomplish popularity entire
world due to its massive incomes and profits that indirectly or directly donates to the country.
it also increase the job chances in tour business and due to this reason TUI group motivating
the entire inhabitants to engage in the trade of tour (Gregory-Smith et al., 2017). Various
developing countries like hospitality sector, service sector and aviation sector are directed
and supported by TUI group to maintain its economical situation. The tour and travel
business in UK pursue the roles and idea to maintain its economic situation. If the tour
business considered critically, it will definitely support the state in conserving its cultural
heritage, traditional heritage, and historical heritage.
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Conclusion
From the over analysis it can be stated that tour business is most essential factors to
developing financial situation of a country. it has been illustrated that there are many reasons
for a individual to visit different destination for attending business meeting, enjoying
holidays, leisure time, recreation, etc. there are various desires and requirements of the
travellers. TUI group is tour operators which assist the travellers to acquire their demands and
desires easily. The company also transform polices and also provide modern technology to
the travellers for their safety and security. It also demonstrates essential aspects which
influence the tour and travel business in a country.
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References
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