The Impacts of type II diabetes

This research paper discusses the physical and psychological impacts of type II diabetes, the challenges faced by women in the UK in managing type II diabetes, and the effectiveness of the normalization process in ordinary lives. The theoretical and conceptual frameworks have been explained, and the gaps in the literature have been identified.

Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Title of the Research - The Psychological
and Physical impact of type two diabetes
Name of the student -
Name of the supervisor -
A statement about partial fulfillment -
Submission date -
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Acknowledgment
I would like to show my gratefulness to my supervisors and thanks for their patience.
Special thanks to the professor to select me for support and additional thanks to my mentor and
colleagues for their unconditional support, motivation, and inspiration from day one.
To my friends and family members, I show my gratitude for all for their unconditional help with
endless discussion about diabetes and theories.
Dedication
I dedicate this thesis has completely written by me with the best of my knowledge and research.
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Abstract
The title of the thesis is the physical and psychological impacts of type II diabetes.
The research questions help to identify the barriers to people with type II diabetes. The questions
assess the effectiveness of the normalization process in ordinary lives.
The national healthcare is Type II diabetes, and different tools are important to meet the
situation. It involves health rules such as the increase in physical exercise, etc.
The normalization process theory will be covered in the assignment.
Different methods, results, and discussion followed with the conclusions of research will be
discussed.
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Table of Contents
Acknowledgment.........................................................................................................................................2
Dedication...................................................................................................................................................2
Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................3
Chapter 1. Introduction of the research......................................................................................................6
1.0. Introduction to chapter...............................................................................................................6
1.1. Operational definition.................................................................................................................6
1.2 Background to the problem...............................................................................................................6
1.3 Statement of the problem.................................................................................................................6
1.4 Research questions............................................................................................................................7
1.4.1 Broad question...........................................................................................................................7
1.4.2. Narrow questions......................................................................................................................7
1.5 Justification of the research...............................................................................................................7
1.6 Significance of the research...............................................................................................................7
1.7 Summary of chapter..........................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2. Literature Review.......................................................................................................................7
2.0. Introduction......................................................................................................................................7
2.1. The broad literature on the topic.....................................................................................................8
2.2. Theoretical framework.....................................................................................................................8
2.3. Conceptual framework...................................................................................................................11
2.4. Gaps in literature............................................................................................................................11
2.5. Summary.........................................................................................................................................11
Chapter 3. Research Methodology...........................................................................................................12
3.0. Introduction to chapter..................................................................................................................12
3.1. Philosophical aspects of the research.............................................................................................12
3.2. Data collection................................................................................................................................12
3.3 Data sources....................................................................................................................................12
3.5 Inclusion and exclusion criteria........................................................................................................12
3.6 Data analysis....................................................................................................................................13
3.7 Data summary table of journal articles............................................................................................13
3.8 Research ethics................................................................................................................................13
3.9 Limitations of the research..............................................................................................................13
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
3.10 Summary of chapter......................................................................................................................13
Chapter 4: Results.....................................................................................................................................14
4.0 Introduction to chapter...................................................................................................................14
4.1 Summary table of results.................................................................................................................14
4.2 Result for question one...................................................................................................................14
4.3 Result for question two...................................................................................................................14
4.4 Result for question three.................................................................................................................14
4.6 Summary of chapter........................................................................................................................15
Chapter 5. Discussion...............................................................................................................................15
5.1 Introduction to chapter...................................................................................................................15
5.2 Discussion of results........................................................................................................................15
5.3 Discussion of results........................................................................................................................15
5.4 Discussion of results........................................................................................................................15
5.5 Summary of chapter........................................................................................................................15
Chapter 6. Conclusions and Recommendations.......................................................................................16
6.0 Introduction to chapter...................................................................................................................16
6.1 Conclusions......................................................................................................................................16
6.2 Recommendations...........................................................................................................................16
6.3 Summary of chapter........................................................................................................................16
References.................................................................................................................................................17
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Chapter 1. Introduction of the research
1.0. Introduction to the chapter
Regarding the development and the development of biomedical and social science in health care,
health psychology plays an important role. The psychological theories help in educating about
health and promotion and provide the structured as well as functional approach to know the
needs of health. The health psychology approaches help to deal with the practitioners regarding
developing the involvement to deal with the practice of health care. The psychology of health is
based on intrinsic factors, and the behavior of health is important. The health behavior is learned
by psychologists are different and type II diabetes called as non-insulin based diabetes mellitus,
and it is a serious illness. This is chronic in behavior and has no cure. It also causes death in the
developed nations.
1.1. Operational definition
Diabetes needs insulin which has a significant chance to develop the depression, and it works
differently. With the chronic disease, it has high potential to create side effects, and this increases
stress, anxiety as well as depression. Diabetes has high effects on physical and mental well-being
regarding blood sugar that might lead to death. Depression is viewed in people with long-term
situations, and the challenge of dementia occurs with age.
1.2 Background to the problem
The mental and physical situation is based on different parameters. These factors are divided into
the social, economic and physical environment such as income, emotion, and well-being. This
examines the problem of health and potential illness based on psychological factors. It is
developed that individuals have a high amount of socioeconomic as well as health inequalities.
There is strong evidence that health inequalities can be a part of healthcare provision. Diabetes is
a metabolic disorder that is based on poor regulated blood glucose, and it can be increased with
the insulin secretion. The increased level of glucose can be managed with diet and exercise. The
type II diabetes will need proper interventions and hypoglycemic drugs to enhance the
production of insulin. Multimorbidity is common with type II diabetes, and the most important
situations involve hypertension which is about 82.1% and obesity in 78.2%.
1.3 Statement of the problem
The type II diabetes is a common diabetes mellitus and is based on the insulin resistance. In type
II diabetes, the body can create insulin at different levels. It cannot work for the long-term as it
needs glucose regarding fat deposits in the cells. This remains high and develops more insulin to
decrease glucose. These are the major implications and are the biggest priority for public health.
There are challenges to measure diabetes reasons and the impact of diabetes on health causing
death and heart disease, stroke, renal failure, etc. TIIDM is often assisted with insulin
medication. The body develops inherent insulin resistance which leads to impaired physiological
functions. TIIDM is often coupled with other health complications such as renal failure, cardiac
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
complications, and hypertension (Stanton and Reaburn 2014). Type II diabetes is characterized
by the insulin resistance, and it is the common diabetes form in women in the UK. Type II
diabetes has strong genetic and it is dealt with lifestyle factors involving obesity and exercise.
This is protected regarding the volume of people. Type II diabetes is controlled through a healthy
diet and weight loss and physical tasks. Most of the people need medication, and it involves
insulin treatment. Pre-diabetes impact nearly 1 in 6 adults. Pre-diabetes is an approach where
with the high amount of glucose compared to the normal. There are different situations that meet
the category such as fasting glucose and individuals with pre-diabetes are at high issues to
develop the type II diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The pre-diabetes include
the changes of the same lifestyle recommended for people with type II diabetes. (Coronado et al.
2004)
Notwithstanding mental factors, identity factors rise as potential helplessness factor for
antagonistic wellbeing results. Type D identity alludes to the mix of negative affectivity
(propensity to encounter negative feelings) and social hindrance (inclination to hinder self-
articulation). The Type D or 'troubled' identity has been identified with weakness status,
dreariness and mortality in cardiovascular sickness, albeit negative discoveries, have likewise
been accounted for. One potential component through which Type D may apply a negative
impact on wellbeing is problematic self-care conduct. Likewise, natural instruments like a
broken HPA-pivot, expanded pulse, and circulatory strain have been proposed. In any case, as far
as anyone is a concerned couple of studies have investigated the potential conduct and organic
systems that may connect Type D with unfavorable wellbeing results in people with sort two
diabetes.
1.4 Research questions
1.4.1 Broad question
Q1. What are the effects and risks of drugs for diabetes?
Q2. According to you, what are the physical and psychological factors that create Type II
diabetes?
1.4.2. Narrow questions
Q1. Does a sample of people residing in women in the UK face challenges with the execution of
his or her management goals?
Q2. Does the theory of normalization describe the process that helps to implement the
management practices by individuals?
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
1.5 Justification of the research
The research was segmented into different phases such as data collection, research development,
and evaluation. The research fits into deeper focus with the help of semi-structured interviews.
(Calabrese et al. 2003)
1.6 Importance of the research
The research will help to explain the implementation process as well as challenges to manage
type II diabetes among women in the UK. The theory of normalization will be helpful for the
process of innovation in healthcare systems. Thus, it aims to deal with the useful theory in this
context. The embed as well as practice helps to achieve the accurate communication and designs
a practice of belief as well as behaviors. (Brooks et al. 2000)
1.7 Summary of the chapter
This section discussed the terms associated with diabetes and the problems had been covered in
this section based on diabetes. The research questions have been designed following with the
justification as well as the significance. Thus, the chapter summary has been included in the first
section. (Broom & Whittaker 2004)
Chapter 2. Literature Review
2.0. Introduction
The goal of the assessment is to define the challenges related to the self-management in category
II diabetes by examining the examinations based in the field. There is a strong approach that
helps to examine the challenges associated with type II diabetes. To make the literature more
manageable, the method is followed, and diabetes is a worldwide healthcare concern. Different
practices of management can help such as self-management practices and physical activities.
(Bryman 2001)
2.1. The broad literature on the topic
The topic has been described that diabetes is a national concern for health. Research and
development will be involved in the research, and original studies will refer to type II diabetes.
There were no limits on the reviews; the self-management takes place to deal with the socialized
healthcare. (Dussart 2009)
2.2. Theoretical framework
The theory of planned behavior defines the state that behavioral intention is formed by attitudes
and behaviors through social norms. This influences the behavior and the theory of planned
behavior, as well as practices, were explained by attitudes as well as control. It is hard to know
that a strong attitude occurs from an active person on the first side and they do not meet the
negative impacts while implementing the exercise into daily life. The research also found that
women in the UK do not exercise which is the major barrier. (Doyle et al. 2012)
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
The type II diabetes enhances with age, and the risk to develop the situation in the country is
larger than 10%. Diabetes based issues can hamper the individual along with the family
members, and it is very expensive for the patient. It has been examined that the living cost of
patients with diabetes issues involve work time, costs, etc. As per the research, the cost to treat
someone with type II diabetes include challenges and it also has challenges regarding the
financial pressure of managing and dealing with the use as well as the situation of the resources.
Thus, it has been observed that the amount to treat diabetes increases about 9% of NHS annual
amount and it is used to deal with the issues for long-term like kidney failure, blindness, etc.
(Brown et al. 2007)
Psychological theories and models have a long history to change the behavior and to enhance the
emotional well-being. The research aims to develop the implications for a person suffering from
type II diabetes. Type II diabetes is created with the result of a decreased level of insulin, and it
does not have biological impacts. It can be managed by diet as well as exercise, and most of the
patients need oral hypoglycemic to manage the control and to store the challenges of diabetes. To
decrease the challenges, type II diabetes require individualized education and information and
the information is related to lifestyle changes such as healthy food, activities, etc. (May 2006)
The primary points of diabetes care in kids and teenagers are to accomplish ideal glycaemic
control, typical psychosocial advancement, and support for the youngster and family to help
create methodologies to adapt to a lifetime of diabetes. Rapid natural changes are happening
amid this day and age, alongside figuring out how to deal with a constant sickness put youths in
danger for poor metabolic control and life alteration difficulties. Positive mental attributes, for
example, confidence, positive effect, appreciation, and related builds may assume a vital job in
wellbeing. In patients with sort two diabetes (T2D), positive mental builds have been related to
predominant restorative results, including better glucose control and lower death rates. The
useful impacts of positive mental states in T2D are in all probability interceded through
wellbeing practices, for example, expanded physical action and adherence to a more beneficial
eating regimen.
Moreover, various investigations with non-diabetic populaces have demonstrated that performing
different positive mental activities (e.g., composing appreciation letters, performing
demonstrations of generosity) have prompted more noteworthy prosperity. Contrasted with other
accessible medicines, these exercises are straightforward and include builds that have been
related to predominant adherence and diabetes-related results. In any case, there has been
insignificant research on the utilization of positive mental intercessions in T2D. However, little
investigations of related medications have been connected to upgrades in positive effect and, at
times, more noteworthy wellbeing conduct adherence and lower glucose. Proceeded with work is
expected to find out whether positive brain research intercessions can genuinely affect working,
glucose, and general wellbeing in this key populace.
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
There are people who follow the diagnosis of diabetes and to manage the lifestyle; it could be
difficult. Changes will be important for the food type and the amount to eat their meals. Diabetes
has a high risk on the career of women and challenging holidays, work or travel might be
unlimited without support as well as cooperation. People who care for others regarding children
might be hard to develop at first. It is a chronic situation that impacts the entire body. The
diabetics who eat glucose in case of foods like bread, cereals, fruits, and milk; it cannot be
transferred into energy. If there is a high amount of blood sugar, it impacts the heart, eyes,
kidneys and other major parts of the body. Diabetic’s people are not known about the disease and
health risks. Diabetes is common in women in the UK and around the globe. (Hawthorne 2001)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an undeniably regular endless malady, besetting an expected 171
million people with sort 2 diabetes in 2000 to 366 million out of 2030. People with sort 2
diabetes are at higher hazard to create miniaturized scale and microvascular intricacies and have
higher death rates. As commented by Misery is a regular co-dismal condition in people with sort
2 diabetes. Two meta-examinations report that sorrow is twice as regular in sort 2 diabetes
contrasted with people without diabetes.
Interestingly, little is thought about the danger of different types of trouble, for instance, those
that are identified with uneasiness. Uneasiness often co-happens with burdensome manifestations
and subsequently has all the earmarks of being regular in sort 2 diabetes. Like gloom,
nervousness issue commonly has an interminable and intermittent life course, and raised tension
side effects and analyzed uneasiness issue in sort 2 diabetes have been related with diminished
personal satisfaction, poor glycemic control, and diabetes entanglements. However, the
relationship between sort 2 diabetes and tension has not been concentrated widely. The
components fundamental this affiliation may demonstrate similitudes with those of sorrow as
nervousness is related with deregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) hub, yet
additionally, the way of life factors, for example, dietary conduct, physical idleness, and
heftiness might be pertinent.
Mental prosperity is itself an imperative objective of therapeutic consideration, and psychosocial
factors are important to about all parts of diabetes administration. Being determined to have
diabetes forces a deep-rooted mental weight on the individual and his/her family. Poor mental
working causes enduring can genuinely meddle with day by day diabetes self-administration and
is related to poor therapeutic results and high. Observing for mental prosperity, distinguishing
mental issues, and talking about and treating this aspect of sickness ought to enhance clinical
results. Intricacies of diabetes importantly affect patient's mental wellbeing. Information of long-
haul intricacies might terrify for patients. Indeed, even a minor variation from the norm without
genuine ramifications can be irritating. Building up a confusion, for example, nephropathy or
visual hindrance might pulverize. The mental prosperity of diabetic patients was observed to be
10

Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
significantly poorer than that of those without diabetes, however superior to that of those with
angina and stroke, two vital entanglements of diabetes.
Patients may respond firmly and in unforeseen ways. Extraordinary annoyance might be
coordinated at the doctor or establishment. Such displeasure more often than not reflects more
profound feelings, including trepidation of since quite a while ago foreseen issues and blame
about not being consistent. Tuning in to the outflows of resentment, getting some information
about different stresses, and clarifying what new clinical complexities and their sequelae mean
and what should be possible can help quiet the patient t's basic feelings of trepidation. Diabetes
can influence physical well-being in different ways. The most famous is the improvement of
long-haul intricacies and their cons arrangements. At the point when patients endure visual
hindrance, heart issues, end organize renal infection, feebleness or fringe neuropathy bringing
about endless agony or far and away more terrible a removal, there is probably going to be a
significant drop in seen personal satisfaction. The patient will be less diabetes is a noteworthy
weight of physical handicap in grown-ups and that these inabilities may generously debilitate
their satisfaction. They discovered that coronary illness was the real donor for incapacity, with
stroke particularly affecting men. Then again, heftiness was likewise a vital factor, overall
influencing ladies. Loss of lower limit physical working was likewise a vital supporter of
diminished personal satisfaction. (Gazmararian et al. 2009)
Type 1 diabetes –
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas is not able to focus on the insulin depending on
sustainability. It focuses on 10 – 15 percent of diabetes and it is the common illness of chronic in
developed countries. Example of type 1 diabetes increases at about three percent and some
people have the genetic predisposition that destroys the insulin based cells in the pancreas. The
symptom is quick, and it involves high thirst and urination. With the daily injections of insulin,
type 1 diabetes creates dangerous chemicals and materials from the burning of fat. It results from
the reduction in the autoimmune pancreatic cells and the insulin production. With the impairment
of own production of insulin, the infusion of insulin is important for survival. People who have
diabetes need to organize to monitor the level of blood glucose. Type 1 diabetes can be created at
any age, and it is the common chronic diseases amongst children. (Fagerli et al. 2005)
Type II diabetes –
Type II diabetes is developed with the control of insulin and secretion; it is different from type 1
diabetes but is not caused by the immune system of the body. It is the common diabetes form
that involves more than 80% of the total amount of people with the situation in the UK. Type II
diabetes has a strong pre-disposition, and it holds the genes to type II diabetes. It has the
potential to protect the disease to develop the positive and long-term changes to lifestyle to
ignore the growth as well as development. This could be important to develop type II diabetes
when there is a high amount of blood pressure and have a high fat and sugar level. (Gazmararian
et al. 2009)
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
The challenges to develop type II diabetes enhances with age because women gain weight and
exercise less as they become older. To manage the healthy weight with a balanced diet help to
assist the management and protection of type II diabetes. Genetics is the risk parameters for type
II diabetes. The symptoms are slow, and it involves blurred vision and nausea. It is managed
with healthy eating and regular physical tasks. Most of the time, people with type II diabetes
require tablets as well as insulin. (Davis et al. 2006)
Type II diabetes is characterized by the insulin resistance, and it is the common diabetes form in
women in the UK. Type II diabetes has strong genetic and it is dealt with lifestyle factors
involving obesity and exercise. This is protected regarding the volume of people. Type II
diabetes is controlled through a healthy diet and weight loss and physical tasks. Most of the
people need medication, and it involves insulin treatment. Pre-diabetes impact nearly 1 in 6
adults. Pre-diabetes is an approach where with the high amount of glucose compared to the
normal. There are different situations that meet the category such as fasting glucose and
individuals with pre-diabetes are at high issues to develop the type II diabetes increases the risk
of cardiovascular disease. The pre-diabetes include the changes of the same lifestyle
recommended for people with type II diabetes. (Coronado et al. 2004)
As per the research, women in the UK with diabetes in high areas are likely to measure the body
check up and deal with the high risks of creating issues like heart diseases, kidney failure, and
stroke. High-quality care is required across the nation and regardless of socio-economic factors.
Due to these challenges, people might turn to cheaper food levels, and the labeling needs to be
effective that should allow people to develop the best choices about the eating habits of women
in the UK.
Psychological distress and negative disorders are common in patients with type II diabetes.
Psychological states might impact the behavior of health and clinical results in patients. Negative
psychological syndromes like anxiety and depression have been based on poor results in patients.
For example, depression is related to the impaired glucose level, functional disability, and
distress with low levels of treatment. Positive psychological characteristics such as positive
impact and it played an important approach in medical results. These constructs are not
dependent on depression, and it increases physical task and lowers mortality rates in medical
situations. The psychological constructs and health have been based on socio-demographic
parameters. (Mellin & Wandel 2005)
The positive psychological approach has been developed with different outcomes. Regarding
psychological well-being and the satisfaction of life, positive parameters are based on superior
outcomes. It is related to the low level of mortality among the type II diabetes. Whether the
psychological well-being is positive or inherent, it helps to improve the wellbeing of the
psychology. The positive psychology interventions focus on exercises, and it is developed in a
systematic manner to deal with the optimism. This also increases well-being and decreases
depression. It has important benefits to deal with the plans and is designed to enhance positive
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
psychological well being across different populations. (Lustman et al. 2000). Based on the
potential benefits, it also promotes the well-being and decreases the level of stress so as improves
the self-care in type II diabetes patients. For example, the intervention with positive online
intervention for type II diabetes leads to improvements regarding effect and depression. There is
still a question on positive psychological interventions that result to change in the self-care as
well as results. The well-being helps to promote motivation, and it asks for a high level of
engagement regarding intervention. (Campbell et al. 2012)
With diabetes, there is an impact on overall health. Women in the UK with diabetes have
emotional as well as psychological support that results from diabetes due to causes.
Little research turned to psychological theory to deal with the people who act for self-
management practices, and the planned theory association with healthcare professional for
diabetic's people plays an important role to improve the self-management. It looks for consistent
access to deal with healthcare professionals. High level of literacy is based on better patient
network interactions. (McCleary 2011)
Notwithstanding mental factors, identity factors rise as potential helplessness factor for
antagonistic wellbeing results. Type D identity alludes to the mix of negative affectivity
(propensity to encounter negative feelings) and social hindrance (inclination to hinder self-
articulation). The Type D or 'troubled' identity has been identified with weakness status,
dreariness and mortality in cardiovascular sickness, albeit negative discoveries, have likewise
been accounted for. One potential component through which Type D may apply a negative
impact on wellbeing is problematic self-care conduct. Likewise, natural instruments like a
broken HPA-pivot, expanded pulse, and circulatory strain have been proposed. In any case, as far
as anyone is a concerned couple of studies have investigated the potential conduct and organic
systems that may connect Type D with unfavorable wellbeing results in people with sort two
diabetes.
Mental prosperity is itself an imperative objective of therapeutic consideration and psychosocial
factors are important to about all parts of diabetes administration. Being determined to have
diabetes forces a deep-rooted mental weight on the individual and his/her family. Poor mental
working causes enduring can genuinely meddle with day by day diabetes self-administration and
is related to poor therapeutic results and high. Observing for mental prosperity, distinguishing
mental issues, and talking about and treating this aspect of sickness ought to enhance clinical
results. Intricacies of diabetes importantly affect patient's mental wellbeing. Information of long-
haul intricacies might terrify for patients. Indeed, even a minor variation from the norm without
genuine ramifications can be irritating. Building up the confusion, for example, nephropathy or
visual hindrance might pulverize. The mental prosperity of diabetic patients was observed to be
significantly poorer than that of those without diabetes, however superior to that of those with
angina and stroke, two vital entanglements of diabetes.
Patients may respond firmly and in unforeseen ways.
13

Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
The attitudes of doctors towards diabetes affect the self-management of an individual, and the
insulin therapy was focused with the help of a doctor's prescription. Some healthcare
professionals manage labor intensive as the work is associated with monitoring condition. (May
2006)
Social support is the strongest influence on self –management. With the help of social support,
more than 40% of respondents say that the primary support is the doctor followed with the 20%
of respondents who believes their spouse and another 19% believes their family members. Social
support was strongly linked with managing self-based practices involving diet, exercise,
medication as well as monitoring. Social support is based on self-efficacy to handle the self-
management practices. This is linked with strong management and also supports perceived
challenges based on mortality as well as morbidity. (Rahim 2011)
The barriers to self-management are huge, and it is segmented into different themes such as
individual knowledge, differences, social support, culture, and race. (Chesla et al. 2009)
2.3. Conceptual framework
Health care professionals do not exchange the concern about creating the challenges from
diabetes. Diabetic's people estimate the challenges of high volume, and it lacks communication.
It provides strong development in self-management rules rather than to deal with the views of
patients. To communicate the feelings and needs of healthcare professionals, it could not meet
the need of the diabetic person, and it acts like the barrier to self – management. (Lempert 2010)
2.4. Gaps in literature
The large literature on diabetes is not possible to read, review and look for the research on self –
management. For this approach, the review is based on the research and is influenced by
different research. Strong quality reviews were challenging, and this might not define the studies
in the reviews and is influenced by the decisions of past researchers. (Mainous et al. 2006)
2.5. Summary
Concerning the past study, the population and the thesis are based on the work in a different
manner. This is useful with the primary research that allows for interviews based on the research
questions, and it also focuses on iterative analysis based on qualitative research. The strong
comparison approach will help to examine the understanding in greater depth regarding
interviews. The strong comparison step will allow for emerging themes, and it will look for a
wide group of practices based on the self-management practices, and it aims to meet the
comprehensive review. (Pun et al. 2009)
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Chapter 3. Research Methodology
3.0. Introduction to the chapter
The research has its goal to deal with the methods useful for the research. The changes focus on
the research to deal with the thesis and aims based on the quantitative tools. Others also follow
the knowledge and experience in the qualitative study. Others also increase the knowledge and
the ultimate step for the dissertation that occurs with transparency and the design as well as
development. (Kuo et al. 2003)
3.1. Philosophical aspects of the research
 To involve in the issues to self-management in type II diabetes
 To focus on the methods for research and to determine the tools in open systems.
 To identify the challenges of managing diabetes on UK women with type II diabetes in
open systems. (Lipton et al. 1998)
3.2. Data collection
Two important steps for primary data collection were known to deal with the individual
experiences in the globe concerning the interviews, research, and focus groups. For the service,
interviews are gathered among the interviewer and a respondent with the help of open-ended
questions that are semi-structured. The benefit of this step is based on the data collection that is
rich, and there are challenges to develop and define the practices. Focus groups include the
researcher concerning the questions to some respondents. This might be helpful in decision
making in social terms. It offers confidence to involve and also develop the focus group, and it is
important to manage the group and to deal with the discussion. (Polzer et al. 2005)
3.3 Data sources
The data sources are dependent on the management, and it supports self-based management. The
importance to deal with a case study is to improve the research and focus on the responsibility
for managing the situation. To deal with the design and case study, this is based on the data
collection and the sampling strategy would be redesigned and other social mediums would be
managed from the relevant sources. The qualitative research is based on the skills, and its
improvements are based on the concerns. (Ritchie & Lewis 2003)
3.4 Search terms
3.5 Inclusion and exclusion criteria
The inclusion raises questions about research inclusion. The literature reviewed with the reputed
approach to the research because the researchers made differences about diabetes management
depending on other situations but do not meet the literature based on the issues to self-
management depending on other situations. The literature is based on the challenges, and this
15
Barriers and self-care, management and self-management,
diabetes and reviews, literature and review

Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
increases questions about the inclusion as well as exclusion approach of reviews and it will be
directly assessed. (Standridge 2011)
3.6 Data analysis
Data analysis was another skill that has been gathered with the research. It increases with the
knowledge and during the process, the research that was gathered depending on the styles of the
data analysis. To analyze the information formed by the interviews, the mixture of analysis and
comparison steps were discussed. It went through a series of repetitions. (Persell et al. 2004).
Different stages of analysis would be –
Normalization process theory
Graphs and charts
Map and interpretation
3.7 Data summary table of journal articles
The data will be gathered with the help of social networks and emotional task to relax them at
times of stress. The respondents who use the blood sugar level are being monitored at the time of
the interview, and it is useful to deal with the challenges of negative behavior. (Penn et al. 2008)
3.8 Research ethics
The sampling strategy is redesigned to deal with the selected sample that represents entire
population, moral agreement and follow ethical practices to deal with the members and other
social network people would be managed from the desired research. Decisions are made to the
network members who could be interviewed with different members. The research made is true
to the knowledge and is ethical depending on the research quality. (Osborne et al. 2011)
3.9 Limitations of the research
The literature on diabetes is not possible to look, to read and to deal with the research on self –
management. The review is based on the research, and it influences the outcomes and
information gathered by previous reviewers. For good result, evaluations required a higher level
of representation regarding the overall evaluation process. This could not present the actual
research based on the challenges of self – management in type II diabetes.
3.10 Summary of the chapter
While conducting the similar respondent as the previous research, the research develops the tasks
differently. This is used by the primary source that looks for surveys based on the research
question, and it also helps to deal with the repeated analysis based on the qualitative research.
The strong comparison based research in the task also helps to develop the approaches in greater
depth, and it also frames the question at the wider group of practices and aims to offer more
comprehensive views. (Mian & Brauer 2009)
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Chapter 4: Results
4.0 Introduction to the chapter
The insulin based research was lower in older age people, and with the help of survey design, it
is not said that people face high difficulty with insulin therapy. There is a difference where
women focus on change in a personal manner. Women have less support from their husbands.
(Morrish et al. 2001)
Self-discipline was a challenge as well as the facilitator to dietary changes. To deal with the
control, the researcher feels that diet provides them with the high confidence to manage the sugar
level. The coping strategies faced by people do not look for better improvements. It helps to meet
better problem solving and healthier eating. The research also explains the self-management
practices and social norms. (Murray et al. 2011)
4.1 Summary table of results
S.no. %age
Female 31%
Employed 12%
Retired 88%
4.2 Result for question one
Individual specification – Respondents with a high-level work focus on creating their ideas on
diabetes and the practice based on diabetes management. It focuses on word processing and
understanding to seek information. The work was hidden and creates knowledge to manage the
condition. Most of the respondents said they were not known about diabetes because they were
old. To develop an understanding of healthy eating is important with the help of the internet and
other information about diabetes. (Chlebowy et al. 2010)
4.3 Result for question two
Differentiation – concerning the interviews, the self-management aspect is based on the
respondents, and the differentiation is very clear. The sample population was able to decrease the
number of takeaways and more often, people do not perceive a healthy diet as an important pre-
diagnosed diet.
4.4 Result for question three
Internationalization – This occurs with healthier diet followed with diabetes. It could be
considered as normalization, and it is the process of taking the money from the individual and
specification that deals with the rules of beliefs and meaning. (Schoenberg & Drungle 2001)
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
4.6 Summary of the chapter
This chapter was important to handle the difficult situations, and it also seems to work as a
barrier that focuses on huge efforts by dealing with the people who are not doing to them.
(Cameron & Leventhal 2003)
Chapter 5. Discussion
5.1 Introduction to the chapter
The research is based on the different question such as the issues to self-management of type II
diabetes, and the other one is how the normalization process used to develop the findings related
to the issues. The steps used in dealing with the interviews of a sample aims to achieve the
diversity of social relations, and it also helps to meet the strong approach of people with diabetes.
The process of normalization was applied with the framework from the NPT.
5.2 Discussion of results
The discussion and findings based on the challenges to manage type II diabetes among women in
the UK that help to deal with the issues to self-management for type II diabetes. It helps to
collect the challenges and to manage diabetes. The volumes of respondents in the research were
adequately prepared.
5.3 Discussion of results
Individual barriers – The section will focus on the barriers based on the self – based practices
and it commonly identifies the individual differences like self-attitudes and other important
concepts will be addressed.
5.4 Discussion of results
Social support and network affect self-management. It appears people to be uncomfortable and
respondents want to deal with their agency regarding self-management. This is based on the
responsibility of the doctor.
5.5 Summary of the chapter
The findings and result support the literature review that identifies the barriers to deal with
diabetes. The findings based on the network and support of the society and help in dealing with
the type II diabetes among women in the UK. It also expands the results and research to
determine most of the self – management in type II diabetes. It involves a strong association with
healthy foods, employment and perceives the high quality of life. (Sloan et al. 2009)
Timeframe
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
Chapter 6. Conclusions and Recommendations
6.0 Introduction to the chapter
6.1 Conclusions
To design and to develop the research is the process of learning that works with the study and it
focuses on different modifications in the process to meet the outcomes. The interview focuses on
the analysis and framework to best address the research. (Smith et al. 2011)
6.2 Recommendations
The respondents in the research were highly known about the impact of diabetes on the
importance of life. It should work on developing the new interventions, and it must appeal to the
women in the UK. Evidence related interventions are measured at high risk to develop type II
diabetes. The intervention will reduce the chances of issues based on Type II diabetes such as
heart, kidney and foot problems. Women in the UK should maintain a healthy diet and remain
more active and should not gain weight. This will help them to reduce type II diabetes.
6.3 Summary of the chapter
To add, the research focused on the literature based on the challenges to deal with type II
diabetes among women in the UK. It is based on the barriers to people who feel disadvantaged,
and most of the barriers were universal. Regarding long-term, it helps to define their barriers.
Thus, it has been believed that expansion and reinforcement are dependent on existing skills as
well as knowledge.
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Title: The Impacts of type II diabetes
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