This document discusses the concept of understanding and leading change in organizations. It explores the drivers of change and their impact on organizational strategy, as well as ways to minimize negative effects. The document also examines different leadership approaches for dealing with change.
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Understanding and Leading Change
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1 P1.Comparisonbetweenthedriversofchangeandtheirimpactwhichaffectsthe organisational strategy............................................................................................................1 TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2 P2. Evaluation of ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and individual behaviours..............................................................................................2 P3.Measureswhichcanbetakenforminimisingnegativeaffectofchangesupon organisational behaviour........................................................................................................4 TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5 P4 Different barriers for change and its influence on leadership decision making................5 TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6 P5. Application of different leadership approaches to dealing with change..........................6 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION Understanding and leading change is regarded as the practising area that is affiliated to execute as well as deal with modification into firm. It is the aspect that is unavoidable, and needs leaders as well as manager of firm for managing, leading as well as computing the overall company towards the modification that is abide by dynamic atmosphere of entities(Al-Haddad and Kotnour, 2015). As per the scenario, the undertaken company for this report is Vodafone. It is the multinational telecommunication company having headquarters in Berkshire, UK. This report is categorised into two parts, first one covers the comparing ways where changes effects organisational strategy and operations with assess of influences which change driver has upon behaviour of company. Another parts includes determination of how changing barriers influences decision making of leadership and application of leadership approaches for changing initiatives. TASK 1 P1. Comparison between the drivers of change and their impact which affects the organisational strategy Changes can be executed in several reasons like economic, technological, economical and many others as well as whole these aspects affects strategy and operation of company positively and negatively. Moreover, the modification impact organisational functioning and for instances, efficacious measures are adapted for dealing with the changes. There are several drivers that affect the system and strategies of firm. These modification are witnessed through Vodafone and Virgin.Presently, Vodafone is going through a huge changes after their merger with the company IDEA. In relation to Virgin, is gone through merger of T-mobile and Sprint (Boost, MetroPCS and Virgin to survive merger with Sprint, T-Mobile executives promise,2019). So, all these changes impacts both organisation strategy and operations. The comparison among both are described underneath: ChangesVodafoneVirgin Mobile Organisational structureBefore merger, the Vodafone haveverticalstructurewith manyhierarchiesforwhole division.However,presently In context to Virgin Mobile, theyhaveflexible organisational structure where interdepartmental 1
respective firm has adopted a new structure as a part of its strategypostmerger.The impactofthisparticular changes on strategiesis that, it will assists them to formulate quickdecisions.Moreover, this new structure is horizontal whichhavelesshierarchies andsimplifiedstructureof governance(Vodafone AnnouncesNew OrganisationalStructure. 2019).This impact positively ontheiroperationsas appropriate communication as well as and structure provides respective firm an ease to work with market effectively. communicationwas efficaciousandwhole departmenthasgoodcontrol over operation due to effective interrelations.Inrespectof operations:The Sprint merge with T- mobile will reduce the flexibility within structure as control of organisation will be exercisedbyleaderswhich will bea negative impact for firm.Duetosimilarreason, thesemodificationhave negativeaffectsontheir strategies.Moreover,they requiredtorevisesameto ensure a smooth organisational performance. TASK 2 P2. Evaluation of ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and individual behaviours Change drivers regarded as the forces from outside or inside entities that motivate the modification.Mainlytherearetwochangedriversexternalandinternal(Alvessonand Sveningsson, 2015). In organisation like VODAFONE these drivers has affects upon person, group and organizational behaviour. Both the changes driver and its affects are described underneath: Internal change driversï·Organisational structure:This is regarded as the one of the prominent changes drivers. It is so the culture is prevailing into entities is values, ethical structure as well as beliefs into 2
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firm. In respect of VODAFONE, their culture is so much in support of innovation as well as technological enhancement. Thus, it impact in optimistic manner upon entities. In context of leadership, transformational leadership is executed through firm that motivates company to adapt modification properly through having effectual vision. Moreover, in respect of individual and team behaviour, the culture have an optimistic affect as standards and values of persons are so much apt with modification. ï·Resources:This is regarded as other internal change drivers that involves persons, procedures,monetaryassets,technologiesandothers(Byers,2017).Within VODAFONE, all resources is continuously observedas well as assessed in respect of performance wither this will appropriate for present market situation. Thus, changes for betterment in active portion of entities. Therefore, this drivers will have a optimistic impact towards leadership. It is so leaders regularly inspire person for adapting new structure as well as adapt effective training process to assure efficaciousness. External change driversï·Political:Within this, the political stability is regarded as most efficacious consideration for entities. VODAFONE is multinational firm within UK, so they needs to follow all the regulation that is developed by their governments. However because of Brexit, respective country get suffered from political instability. So, this changes driver may affect entities pessimistically. Such as in respect of leadership, its leaders has to adapt effective motivational process for retaining staff who is from EU. Also there have been an uncertainty among workers in context of job that shows negative effect upon team and individuals behaviours.ï·Economical:Whole economical performance is related with this drivers. In context to VODAFONE, the all international market scenario is going through with difficult time in which economy is related. The huge downfall, tough working atmosphere and inflation are having huge affect upon entities such as VODAFONE. The modification have pessimistic affects into leadership as this became difficult for them for retaining staff into lowpayratesthatimpactitsproductivity.Also,thismodificationalsocaused pessimistically upon team and individuals as there are no extra benefits are provided to staff in that tough market. 3
ï·Social:Whole trends as well as social preferences are undertaken in this drivers(Espedal, 2017). With combination of culture as well as social are predominating into whole world, users prefer service that aids them to deliver overseas with an ease. It is perhaps regarded as so much influential change drivers for VODAFONE. This have an optimistic affect upon leadership, group and person attitude. In respect of leadership, this will permit their administration to employ person from various culture as well as perform towards rendering efficacious as well as culturally combined services to their users. Also, this modification will has optimistic affect upon group and individual attitudes as it will be experiencing the exposure of culture with ample number of opportunities to develop. ï·Technological:Thisisregardedasthechangesdriverswhichisassociatedwith technology as well as vary much inevitable into entities operations(van der Voet, Kuipers and Groeneveld, 2015). With technology enhancement, it become easy to access all over United Kingdom. VODAFONE adopted to modification their technological operations and opt new one. It have optimistic effects upon leadership, it have to trained its staff in context to adopt new technologies. However, there may be resistance at personal level as this can be sometime tough to opt new technologies to perform. In respect of team behaviour, it effects positively as staff into team experiences the collective transition. P3. Measures which can be taken for minimising negative affect of changes upon organisational behaviour In order to reduce the pessimistic affects, Vodafone may utilised PDCA change model for maximising optimistic affects of modification. This model is described underneath: ï·Plan:This is regarded as the beginning phase in this the firm is respond in modification (Fragouli and Ibidapo, 2015). It is needed by the company VODAFONE to find its issues and examine the whole marketplace for determining the opportunities that exists into market area. Overall essential process, information and may more are required by company to perform modification in their operations and strategies. ï·Do:This is regarded as the other phases, within it VODAFONE have to improve various project in respect to modification. It aids them to render training to its workers, obtain new system, develop plan of action and so on. Whole these strategy as well as system that 4
are devised into planning phase will be executed. Such as the company's strategy as well as creating it in more horizontal way. ï·Check:This is regarded as third phase of PDCA model which is associated with examining the overall plan of action in proper way that is executed into last stage. Also, it is vital step that entities have to comply it if they required to react as well as deal with the changes in efficaciously. For it, VODAFONE may formed several standards for adopting modification related to operations and strategies. Also, entities set standards if it can not fulfilled that thereafter it may stop those and perform divergent. It is needed by entities for changing the same to achieve objectives. ï·Act:At this phases, VODAFONE determine that strategies or plan is efficacious in respect of changes as well as from overall devised methods and plan of action that entities considered is more appropriate strategies for modification. TASK 3 P4 Different barriers for change and its influence on leadership decision making At the time when entities are performing some types of changes few barriers may incurs which creates a gap with real as well as standard activities that may have pessimistic impact upon its day to day operations within work areas(Glass and Cook, 2016). Thus, this is the manager's or leader's obligation to probe the market area as well as find out the barriers thereafter resolve that. So, with the assistance of Force field model VODAFONE analyse the changes. Force Field analysis model: This mainly utilised in decision making, planning as well as executing modification into administrative activities into company. Moreover, the main intent of this is to examine difficult issues which need to resolved inn effective way at correct time. It is categorised into two driving and resisting forces. So, the evaluation of force field analysis in context of VODAFONE are described underneath:ï·Driving forces:It is regarded as the changes into force while there is modification into clients demand so their manages create plan of actionin accordant(Goldscheider, Bernhardt and LappegĂ„rd, 2015).For example: the users of VODAFONE demands effective services and others so they may able to adapt new organisational structure. Due 5
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to this their staff can able to perform effectively without any miscommunication. Thus, VODAFONE managers make new plan of action to attain its users needs. ï·Resisting forces:It is regarded as the barriers that entities goes through at the time of doing modification within their business. Such as performing modification required extra funds, lack of staff involvement as they do not prefer to adapt modification. These types of workers attitudes affects their entities productivity. Hence, leader of VODAFONE has to inspire their staff for performing the work appropriately. Barrier which entities gone through at the time the changes are performed are discussed below:ï·Improper communication:This is regarded as the vital component for entities' success. As improper communication leads them towards facing ample number of problems such as affects upon leaders decision, disputes and others(Iles, 2017).Also, this affects atmosphere of work and low down sales. Therefore, for dealing with it their leader has to render relevant as well as clear information in regards to overall modification that occurs into entities. ï·Lack of commitment towards modification:This is regarded as another barriers towards change. Such as staff into the company like VODAFONE may be usual to perform into specific way. That will be changed after the modification performed into their structure such as merger. It may decrease the involvement of workers towards modification with a fear of its uncertainty as well as in efficacious performance of future, hence the barriers that are occurs due to the modification. The entities should launch training sessionthat will permit them to integrate its vision with its subordinates in efficacious way. TASK 4 P5.Application of different leadership approaches to dealing with change After executing the modification, this is vital for entities to adapt efficacious leadership approachestodealwiththechangesappropriately(KickulandLyons, 2016). So,some approaches that VODAFONE leaders adopt for handling the modification are discussed below:ï·Autocratic:It is also regarded as authoritarian leadership. Adapting this approach will facilitate power exercise to limited person who will also liable for making decision. Also, 6
in this leadership approach, the respective organisation subordinates opinions are not preferred throughout the modification that occurs into entities. ï·Transformational approach:This is regarded as other efficacious approach which is essential for leaders to adopt. In same, the whole transition is considered into account as well as leaders are liable to develop a vision and assuring a smooth changes into plan of action through maintaining acceptance in staff towards modification. To efficaciously assess as to which these approaches are appropriate to deliver the changes, Lewins change model is utilised that are discussed below: Lewin's change model This is regarded as the essential model of change which is established through Kurt Lewins. It states the three different stages that are unfreeze, change and freeze(Lopez and Wise, 2015). VODAFONE applied this particular model in developing new structure that aids its leader to make plan of action according to the change. ï·Unfreeze:Herein,leadersofVODAFONEidentifymodificationaswellastake permission for its administration as changes are needed within entities. For example: the respective firm finds that they need to changes their working methods that they are using at present. As they are performing into vertical structure for various division. But now 7 Illustration1:Lewinâs Change Theory (Source:Lewinâs Change Theory. 2019)
they perform in horizontal structure so for this they has to take approval from its higher authority.ï·Changes:Herein, leaders of VODAFONE deliver the plan of action to all workers and try to deal with many problems which are related with changes. Thereafter formulate plan of action as per its requirements through involving its staff in this. ï·Refreeze:Herein, VODAFONE find a way through which it may able to execute the modificationforsurvivingforlongerdurationwithinmarket.Forit,respective organisationconductsvariousprogrammesanddescribetheirstaffamongthe efficaciousness of changed structure and how to perform in that with appropriates manner (Mackey and et. al., 2015). So, from the above mentioned approaches transformational is better one as this help VODAFONE leaders to formulate a vision and accordingly develop plan of action for smooth changes. CONCLUSION As per the above report, it have been concluded that while executing the changes there is affects upon organisational process, plans as well as working style. With the assistance of PESTLE analysis, the external marketplace is assessed but the individuals, team and leaders get impacted that may influence their practices inappropriately. Moreover, PDCA model is applied for reducing negative effects for the growth as well as development of firm. Also, there are some barriers such as inappropriate communication strategy etc. influences the decision-making of leadership. In addition to this, there are various approach of leadership like transactional, situational etc. is applied to deal with the changes effectively and efficiently. Also, the lewin's change model is used that help entities leaders to make an effective plan of action appropriately. 8
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REFERENCES Books and Journals Al-Haddad, S. and Kotnour, T., 2015. Integrating the organizational change literature: a model for successful change.Journal of Organizational Change Management.28(2). pp.234- 262. Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015.Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Byers, V., 2017. The challenges of leading change in healthâcare delivery from the frontâ line.Journal of nursing management.25(6). pp.449-456. Espedal, B., 2017. Understanding how balancing autonomy and power might occur in leading organizational change.European Management Journal.35(2). pp.155-163. Fragouli, E. and Ibidapo, B., 2015. Leading in crisis: Leading organizational change & business development.International Journal of Information, Business and Management.7(3). p.71. Glass, C. and Cook, A., 2016. Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the glass ceiling.The Leadership Quarterly.27(1). pp.51-63. Goldscheider, F., Bernhardt, E. and LappegĂ„rd, T., 2015. The gender revolution: A framework forunderstandingchangingfamilyanddemographicbehavior.Populationand Development Review.41(2). pp.207-239. Iles, V., 2017. Leading and managing change.ABC of Clinical Leadership.24(1). pp.49-87. Kickul, J. and Lyons, T. S., 2016.Understanding social entrepreneurship: The relentless pursuit of mission in an ever changing world. Routledge. Lopez, P. and Wise, D., 2015. Leading Change for the Implementation of Common Core State StandardsinRuralSchoolDistricts.EducationLeadershipReviewofDoctoral Research.2(1). pp.47-56. Mackey, J. K. and et. al., 2015. Leading change with digital technologies in education. van der Voet, J., Kuipers, B. and Groeneveld, S., 2015. Held back and pushed forward: leading change in a complex public sector environment.Journal of Organizational Change Management.28(2). pp.290-300. Online Boost, MetroPCS and Virgin to survive merger with Sprint, T-Mobile executives promise. 2019. [Online] Available Through: <https://www.fiercewireless.com/wireless/boost-metropcs- and-virgin-to-survive-merger-sprint-t-mobile-execs-promise> VodafoneAnnouncesNewOrganisationalStructure.2019.[Online]AvailableThrough: <https://www.vodafone.com/content/index/media/vodafone-group-releases/2010/ new_structure.html#> LewinâsChangeTheory.2019.[Online]AvailableThrough: <https://www.lucidchart.com/blog/lewins-change-theory> 9