Leading Change: Understanding and Managing Risk Attitude

This assignment requires analyzing the process of leading organizational change, including evaluating measures and choosing a change model for various approaches. It involves understanding how balancing autonomy and power might occur in leading change, as well as developing negative emotions over environmental change. The assignment also includes exploring senior nurses' experiences of leading organizational change and managing risk attitude in healthcare delivery.

Understanding and
Leading Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparison of various organizational instances..............................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2. Justification of the ways in which external or internal drivers of change that influence the
team, leadership and individual behaviour within the organisation.......................................3
P3. Justification of measures to minimise negative effect of change on organizational
behaviour................................................................................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P4. Justification of several barriers for change and find how they influence leadership
decision-making in a given organisational context................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
P5. Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organisational
contexts...................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Understanding or leading changes are the very good thing which refers to the different
processes of leading change like practical suggestion and so on this all because changes bring lot
of opportunities or threats for the company in a effective way. Whereas, changes refers to the
transformation or alteration within the existing functions. It is necessary to understand or address
them in order to survive in the cut throat competition. In this present report, Compass Group Plc
has been chosen as an organisation. It is headquartered in Surrey, England UK. Along with this,
report will covered the relation of different organizational examples and justifications of internal
or external factors. At last different barriers effect on decision making process and leadership
approaches will get covered in this report (Alavi and Gill, 2017).
TASK 1
P1. Comparison of various organizational instances
The organisational strategy refers to the action or plans carried out with an specific
objective in order to attain long term goals in a better way. It can be involve in the strategic
planning for the success of an organisation. On the other side, operation is a kind of activity or
practice which is carried through different departments of the company. Changes also heavily
influence on business which determine the success of an enterprises.
Compass Group Plc is a British multinational company which deals with the contract
food services. It is headquartered in Surrey, England. It is a worldwide company provides
different types of food services in an effective manner. Moreover, it is listed in London stock
exchange or a global fortune in a five hundred company. Along with this 550,000 people
working as a employee in this firm around 50 countries.
Basis Compass Group Plc ARAMARK
Technological
change
Technology has an essential
impact on the productiveness of
the company. In Compass Group
Plc, the management of the
company make technological
change in their business by
This company adopt new
technologies in its business like
artificial intelligence and machine
learning. Theses technology allow
the management of the firm to learn
quickly, operate more efficiently

adopting digital strategy
innovation in their business. They
make this change to promote their
products through social media etc.
and adopting digital payment or
online transactions etc.
To work with the help of this new
technology, the company provide
training sessions to those
employees who make their
contribution in promotion of
products and services of the
company.
For this, the company will use
various digital software which
help in promoting the products
and fund transfer application
through which they can transfer
fund to vendors and customer can
also make their payments.
and serve their target audience
faster, easier and better.
To work with these technologies,
the administration of the company
will conduct training programs to
the employees so that they can have
knowledge about them and utilize
them effectively.
For this, the management will use
different digital systems and
software or application to serve
their customer, easily and faster.
Structural change The inappropriate communication
system origin to execute structural
change in Compass Group Plc.
It has make recent carnages in the
operational framework in order to
make improvement in
communication between
employees and communication
with its target audiences change
assist in minimising the issues in
The delays in taking decisions in
ARAMARK impacted the result and
lead to this kind of change in the
organisation.
It has make changes in the
administration framework of the
firm to modify the structure and
make improvement in determination
devising procedure and take the
interest closer to consumers.

business.
There are different drivers of changes which are given with comparison between two
organisation is given below:
Customer awareness:
It is the first driver of change in which customer did not take interest in the private label
of brands reason being their quality or unattractive store display. But changes in the quality of
private Ltd. Company like Compass Group Plc in their label brand that situation can change the
customer perception in a higher way. Therefore by this customer can get more aware about this
company effectively. Thus customer awareness heavily impact the people interest or their choice
in order to make them better. For this it is compare with multi-channel store they provide foods
at their store through which they promote packed food while in compass group plc promote fresh
baked food in market that create loyal base of customers for company.

Change in life style:
It is also necessary driver of change in which people can get health conscious and
awareness about the Compass group plc product. Therefore, customers try to get better quality of
product in order to live healthy and fit physically. Due to these changes Compass group plc
trying to better quality food to customers that can make them happy. For example if this
company try to give best quality of food than customer can get attracted towards their brand and
impact positively in an appropriate manner. In today era most of customers want to buy products
which are in trend like in food industry healthy food is prefer by customer. Management of
Compass group plc analysis this opportunity and turn it into potential buyers but other
organisation not adopt this changes which result that they loss their market share.
Change in the interest of retailers:
Firstly retailers were interested in the national products but now a days they started to
take initiate in the labeled of private brands as they experienced developed high profit in their
brand. So that this kind of change will effect people in a positive manner. For example: if
retailers of Compass group plc are able to advertise their food product at lower cost than
company can get high profits with low cost. But as compare with different factors it is not
necessary that company will offer their services in all segments. As in each segment scenario are
different which result in change of interest of retailers. Like the food that is prefer by urban
citizen is not compulsory that it is also buy rural buyers because of their culture or attitude.
Marketing innovation:
This term refers to the introduction of new ways of market in order to introduce new food
product from company. This technology or change drivers are changing rapidly in which market
things about to find new unique way of the market products. For example Compass group plc
provide innovative market then they can make their huge customers in a perfect way and this
condition will highly impact on the customers.
Therefore these are the very necessary changing drivers which are totally implemented by
company or employees as well these changing aspect also improve the customer mind set in a
effective way. By this customer can get easily attracts towards food products. It will affect
strategy and operation as marketing concept provide several kind of innovative product in an
effective manner.
Trend analysis
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Marketing team is the major factor that predict needs of customers. As there are large
number of customers are present in market. They all have different demand and needs which
mostly depend on different factors such as trend, fashion and price. So for this compass group
plc research in market about existing customers and modify changes that are necessary to satisfy
need of customer. While as compare to other organisation they first develop the product and then
promote it into market. It increase cost because organisation has to invest in advertisement and
marketing of products which create risk as it is not necessary that customers will buy their
services as market competition is high in travel and tourism industry.
TASK 2
P2. Justification of the ways in which external or internal drivers of change that influence the
team, leadership and individual behaviour within the organisation.
In the present scenario, there are different changes in the organisation which have
potentiality in order to make good plan, strategies, designs, product for an organisation activities.
Therefore, these are divided in two types that is internal or external that can brings lot of
achievements for company at higher level. Apart from this, lot of pressure on sources like
material, food items etc. that bring negativity between people or company Therefore,
improvements or few modifications makes good dynamic environment in a specific way. There
are some explanation of these factor or drivers, are listed below:
Internal Drivers
This is an important element of any company which makes internal activities on the basis
of different things, situations or events that all are develop inside the enterprise and these factors
generally under control of an organisation. That's why these resources influence the team
members, leadership skill or behaviour of an individual within the company. So that every
business have expert team members in order to analyse the situation of the firm. Internal drivers
of Compass Group Plc have been identified below:
Financial management: It is very important factor of the business and it is true that
there is no business without money. Money and business both terms are interrelated with each
other. In regards of Compass Group Plc they good decision making power in order to chose good
material with low cost so that they can easily make their financial budget without any issues with
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in the company so that It can affect leadership as well as team or individual behaviour within the
organisation (Boyal and Hewison, 2016).
Technological capacity: It is also very important aspect as it shapes the business
activities or operation in order to run long term technological changes in an effective manner. As
per the Compass Group Plc they are working with several technologies in the whole process of
production. Main thing is that any company can not run without any modern technology. That's
why it is important for better changes in the organisation.
Organisational culture: It is identified as the beliefs, assumptions, ways of interacting,
different values or norms in order to contribute in social psychological environment of an
organization. In context of Compass Group Plc it can be said that this company follows very
good organisation structure in order to make strong relation with customers to achieve future
goals or objectives in the food services. This process can make lot of changes in the company
also attract customers in an appropriate manner.
Therefore these internal drivers influence individual behaviour, team members or
leadership style in a attractive manner (Byers, 2017).
External Drivers
This is necessary driving force which is based on the several kind of things, events,
situation or occurred from the companies specifically. They have essential impact on the
strategies of an organisation or their operations as well. Therefore it can be understood or
identified by the PESTEL analysis, listed below:
Political factor: In this external factor policies or legislations are made by the
government in an perfect manner. It involves in different factors such as legal, ethical,
demographical and so on. This political factor also focused on the changes of business practices.
Changes can make organization attractive in front of the customers. In regards with Compass
Group Plc company fulfil their customers need and also change their food services according
their needs.
Economical factor: This is also necessary elements that usually concentrate on the
economic cycle which includes in exchange market, supply in the market or rate of interest etc.
whereas, Compass Group Plc conduct research in order to know about the customer's taste before
making product and prepare food product accordingly. So that this process has heavily impact on
the leaders, team members or individuals.
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Social factor: It refers to the several activities like beliefs, people opinion, living
standard of people that influence the brand image or business. In regards with Compass Group
Plc that helps towards underprivileged people as they offer different types of meals in an
effective manner so that it shows the company's working efficiency and affect lot of people or
company people in a good way.
Technological factor: This factor is very necessary in order to carry on business
activities successfully in competitive environment. Here, Compass Group Plc follow several
technologies in order to influence people or employees as well.
Environmental factor: This factor is based on various aspects of different culture,
whereas company use different type of food product according to the customer demand in
different different culture. So that it shows the positive impact on the team members, individual
or employees as well.
Legal factor: This factor is based on legal rules or legislations in order to follow
government rules. It is necessary for company's employees or people to follow legislations and
develop good environment that impact positively within the company or several people outside
the company.
Therefore, external factors also heavily impacted on the individual, group members and
customers as well in an effective manner.
7s framework
With implement of the 7s framework it is easy for company to find their internal aspect
that help them to achieve their goals with in minimum time period. Factors that build 7s
framework is as follow:
Strategy- It is the plan by which company accomplish their goals. It is designed to
formulate the path by which company achieve their goals and build competitive border that help
to gain advantage in market.
Structure- In the structure process a method is design which help organisation to follow
systematic way by which it is found that who will report to whom is managed. Like compass
group plc follow top to bottom hierarchy in which manager or CEO realise order and supervisor
or lower department follow the specific order.
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System- For complete the goal company has to do process their daily activities that
generate system process for their country. In case of compass group plc each department is aware
about their activity so their members engage activities with efficiency and effectiveness.
Shared value- In this company has to find out with different perspective like their value
and work ethics. For case of compass it is essential because they operate their business in food
and beverage sector that is growing market in all world.
Style- In this organisation adopt leadership style with in this company found different
factors by which they motivate other employee's of organisation. Like situational leadership is
best alternative to manage with complex situation.
Staff- Human resources that work for complete organisational activities it is needed that
increase performance and productivity of company. Like in this case compass group employee's
such as staff are major strength to make business.
Skills- this show that company has to found capabilities and skills that are needed in an
individual to complete its job role and responsibility. For compass group employee's cooking is
essential skill to finish job.
Six box organisation model
Purpose- The major purpose of compass group is to provide qulatiy food to their
customers. In this there are large numvber of customer which demand healthy and tasty food.
This demand is completed by management of organisation that help to earn high returns or
profits.
Structure- As compass group is operating their business under food industry. So it is
essential for them that they deliver food quickly as they are perishable product. So employee's
strictly follow company structure.
Rewards- To increase the morale of employee's it is necessary that they provide some
benefits. This help them to bring more productive outcomes for business. For compass group it is
essential that they provide quality food to its customers.
Helpful mechanism- The term mechanism state that it is necessary for group or
organisation to adopt changes it help them to understand dynamic market. Like compass group
implement updated technology with manpower to satisfy customer demand.
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Relationship- Under this management has to maintain healthy relations between their
employees. It help to reduce conflict and issue among employees that block path to achieve
company goals.
Leadership- To organise business it is necessary that they implement company activities
with efficiency. For this it is necessary staff follow leader that maintain systematic process to
create outcome as per company benchmark.
P3. Justification of measures to minimise negative effect of change on organizational behaviour.
Organization behaviour refers to the different activity of people in a specific way with in
the group or organisation. For the organisation behaviour is very important to work on the
several things from each individual which influence the communication, job structure of people
in a positive way. It also affect every individual's performance in a good manner. For this leaders
hire right people at right position such as in case of specific food company hire local chef that
has brief detail or recipe to produce product. in order to encourage the people or employee for
making modifications in appropriate way. For reducing the negative effect from an organization
company needs to follow few changes, that are given below:
Lewin's force field model:
This analysis provides overview of the balance in between the forces driving change in a
business in order to change the various methodologies that comes under the force field model.
On the other side it identify the driving forces that will affect the transition to future restraining
forces that includes in the reaction from those who are looking the unnecessary aspects or
changes within the organisation (Espedal, 2017). There are three stages of this model which are
given below:
Unfreeze: This stage is about developing the motivation to change. In the other words, this can
be said that no one can understand to each other but people can create the good motivation things
like message, conditions that can influence the changes in environment.
Change: It has a concentrate on the solution of any kind of issue or new way of working, so that
it starts with new approaches to issues and approaches comes in order to learns something new
like management structure are generated, two way communication or acceptable changes in the
organisation.
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Refreeze: This stage includes in new ways working or acting, several values, attitudes,
behaviour and so on. In this company members feel very confident in order to make new product
in a effective way.
Nudge theory:
It was formed by Cass R. Sunstein and Richard H. Thaler. This theory is based on
inspiring individuals in order to adapt different changes. Therefore, it always concentrate on the
existing changes in the business that is helpful for employee as well as workers in the team in a
effective way. In regards with Compass Group Plc they focuses employees productivity in order
to make better quality of food without any issues. So that consumers can easily trust on their
food and this concept will enhance their brand level globally.
Therefore, both the theories reduce the negative effect from the management functions in
order to analyse the several measures. Moreover, both of the theories mainly focuses on the
people's emotion, feelings, things while making decision for minimising impact of changes in an
effective manner (Friedrich and Wüstenhagen, 2017).
TASK 3
P4. Justification of several barriers for change and find how they influence leadership decision-
making in a given organisational context.
Barriers are the part of leadership which is faced by lot of organisation in order to change
the management system in an effective manner. In this companies faces several barriers during
the change management times. That's why barriers gives negative outcomes. Therefore, it is
essential to find out the different type of issues or problems in order to take good decision so that
correct actions can be taken easily. There are different type of barriers for change the
organisation, given below:
No clear vision: For the company leader it is important to take correct decision or vision and
share their ideas with other people so that company or leaders can easily overcome their issues
effectively. That's why it requires success or team functions in a perfect way.
Lack of belief: If leader does not have the clear vision then he is not able to explain all the
business situation in front of their team members than this condition will create the issues or
barriers in order to face tough or difficult time so that leader has to take responsibility in a good
way.
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Absence of goals: In this goals make a clear destination when leaders focuses on their specific
goals then it will remove barriers from team members or leaderships so that company can make
their perfect goals in a better way.
As per the preceding information it can be summarised that if the company has not clear
vision then it is hard to accomplish its set objective in set time period. So it is important to the
administr5tion that they develop a vision and inform the employees about it so that they can
work according it. It positively affect the decision making process of the management because if
the staff will aware with the vision then they can use their efforts in that context and the
company will work in growth of other areas. If the leader has not belief on its team members
then it will hard to accomplish the goals. By making effective communication with the group
member they can develop their belief and it positively influence the decision making of them
because if the leader will believe in employees, it will motivate employees and they perform
well. Leader can also make focus on other activities of the firm.
Therefore it is essential to leader to make better goals or objective in order to make
organisation free in front of the employee or workers in an effective manner. That's why it helps
a lot to leaders in order to take good decision regarding their company in order to achieve
organisation goals and objectives in an appropriate manner. (Glass and Cook, 2016).
TASK 4
P5. Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organisational
contexts.
Leadership approach providing several guidelines or directions for people in order
motivate them towards work in the organisation (Thompson, 2016). In this leaders has to follow
leadership approaches to influence activities of an individual or a group, Which are given below:
Trait quality approach:
In this leaders are born not made because it assist inherited personality qualities or trait in
an effective manner. On the other side leaders selects the individual for particular job role in an
effective manner so that it shows the quality of people.
Functional or group approach:
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In this leadership developed or learned something new and also concentrate on their own
responsibility or nature of the group in an effective way. Leaders are responsible to evaluate that
how how leader's behaviour can affect other people in the company.
Behavioural style approach:
In this management checks the behaviours of people in the situation of leadership and
importance of leadership style. So that ithis process influence all people with in the organisation
in an effective way.
Style of leadership:
As per this company focuses on the leadership styles and also look their impact on other
individual. In this subordinates or superiors are ready to work efficiently or effectively that also
determine the degree of authority and leadership styles in an appropriate manner.
Situational or contingency approach:
According to this approach company determine the different situation of leadership style
that will be more effective on the other people of an organisation in a appropriate manner. This
approach includes in quality or acceptance, competences of followers or path goal theory as well.
Lewin's change model
This framework can be used by the management of the company to analyse the
effectiveness of approaches of leadership and how they can provide growth organisational
change. It consists three phase which is mentioned as following:
Unfreezing- It consist the compression of old procedures and the benefits of new
changes. In Compass group Plc, the management of the firm conduct meetings and conferences
to provide information and their effectiveness to the employees regarding technological and
structural change.
Change- It consider change in behaviour. In respective company, due to utilization of
new technology, there are different changes occurred in their behaviour such as way of thinking,
concentration on implementing and others. All the employees follow new structure and used new
technology and found the effectiveness of its regarding products and services.
Refreezing- It the final stage of this model and consider the method of maintaining the
balance of modification by protecting the adoption of changes, normalising the situation,
building strong relationships and protect the dependency on old procedures.
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CONCLUSION
According to the above report it has been concluded that changes are very important for
an every organisation behind the control of any person works within the organisation. It is also
necessary to understand the change in order to prepare sudden adjustments in the practices of
business for save money and time both. Along with this impact of internal or external forces had
been done for uncovering the impact on behaviour of leaders, team members or individual as
well. There is measures of evaluation alteration has also done as choosing the change model for
various approaches.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alavi, S. B. and Gill, C., 2017. Leading change authentically: How authentic leaders influence
follower responses to complex change. Journal of Leadership & Organizational
Studies, 24(2), pp.157-171.
Anderson, D. L., 2016. Organization development: The process of leading organizational
change. Sage Publications.
Boyal, A. and Hewison, A., 2016. Exploring senior nurses’ experiences of leading organizational
change. Leadership in Health Services, 29(1), pp.37-51.
Byers, V., 2017. The challenges of leading change in health‐care delivery from the front‐
line. Journal of nursing management, 25(6), pp.449-456.
Espedal, B., 2017. Understanding how balancing autonomy and power might occur in leading
organizational change. European Management Journal, 35(2), pp.155-163.
Friedrich, E. and Wüstenhagen, R., 2017. Leading organizations through the stages of grief: The
development of negative emotions over environmental change. Business &
Society, 56(2), pp.186-213.
Glass, C. and Cook, A., 2016. Leading at the top: Understanding women's challenges above the
glass ceiling. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(1), pp.51-63.
Hillson, D. and Murray-Webster, R., 2017. Understanding and managing risk attitude.
Routledge.
Houwer, R., 2016. Changing leaders, leading change: A leadership development model for
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Iles, V., 2017. Leading and managing change. ABC of Clinical Leadership, 24(1), pp.49-87.
Nelson‐Brantley, H.V. and Ford, D.J., 2017. Leading change: a concept analysis. Journal of
advanced nursing, 73(4), pp.834-846.
Sundberg, K., Josephson, A., Reeves, S. and Nordquist, J., 2017. Power and resistance: leading
change in medical education. Studies in Higher Education, 42(3), pp.445-462.
Thompson, C. J., 2016. Disruptive innovation in graduate nursing education: leading
change. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 30(3), pp.177-179.
Wang, H. J. and Chen, H. P., 2016. Understanding the recent trend of haze pollution in eastern
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Online:
PESTEL analysis of ASDA, 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.howandwhat.net/pestel-analysis-of-asda/>
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