Leading Change in Social and Organizational Contexts

This assignment focuses on the complexities of leading change within both social and organizational settings. Students are required to analyze various theoretical perspectives on leadership and change management, drawing upon case studies and scholarly articles to understand the challenges and strategies involved in driving successful transformations. The emphasis is on applying these concepts to real-world scenarios and exploring the role of ethical considerations and compassionate leadership in navigating complex change processes.

UNDERSTANDING
AND
LEADING CHANGE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P.1. Comparison of two different organisation an impact of changes on their strategy and
operation......................................................................................................................................1
P.2. The ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour within an organisation...............................................................................3
P.3. Measures of changes that minimize negative impact on organisational behaviour............4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P.4. Different barriers of change and how they influence leadership decision-making in
Morrison......................................................................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P.5. Different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range in Morrison................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
In the introduction part of this research, we will take look at compare Tesco and Morrison
firms where has been an impact of change on strategy and operation level. Furthermore, we
would evaluate the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team
and individual behaviour within Tesco and Morrison business. We also evaluate mismeasures
that can be taken to minimize negative impacts on organisational behaviour. This study covers
the different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership style decision-
making in Morrison retail supermarket firm. In the last stage of this investigation, we would have
a look at different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a Morrison business and its
effectiveness as well.
TASK 1
P.1. Comparison of two different organisation an impact of changes on their strategy and
operation
Organisational changes definition: Organisation changes are those which are necessary to
have for each firm to compete in the complex market, these changes could be several like
management changes, policy changes, invitational changes, technical changes and strategic and
economic changes within the business.
Nowadays in a complex world every sector is changing rapidly. Acceptance of changes is
very necessary part of any organisation to being competitive in today's complex market. We will
in introduce between two organisation, Tesco and Morrison, both are a leading supermarket
chain in The UK(Chambers, and Ryder, 2017). There are several drivers of change that affect
each part of in these both companies over recent years. There are many ways in which the
internal and external drivers of change might affect the leadership and behaviour and the
behaviour of the teams and individual working within Tesco and Morrison as well. Tesco PLC,
business is a British multinational grocery and general merchandises retailer company in the UK
and Morrison is a supermarket chain and fourth largest chain of supermarket in the UK as well.
Both organisation need to some strategic changes in their operation sector and other part to meet
their own goals and objectives.
There are some comparison and similarity between Morrison and Tesco in terms of their impact
change in strategy and operation:
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 Management organisation change: Organisational changes occurred when a company
need to change in their organisational structure and strategy in terms of create more
competition in the market(Blanchard, 2010). There are some changes in TESCO firm in
their management by using the latest management approach to implementing some
innovative management theories with the firm to better manage their retail out lets
effectively. And Morrison company in the recent times which is change in their
management approach according to the recent techniques using in recent outlets and
supermarket companies is using in terms of generating more competition and profitability
in the retail industry. There might have found some management changes in both
companies in terms of well manage their business according to their potential of ease of
doing business. Areas of organisational change: There are some major areas which is identifies by few
experts which are strategy, technology, structure and people(Trigg, ed., 2010). Self check
out is a new process which is using Tesco firm in terms of furnishing best services to
their customers to getting more advantage of these services. This is the approach which is
different from tradition and normal payment system at the retail outlets which is followed
by Morrison at their outlets. The cash counter need a teller but there is no need a cashier,
this self service provide the best services to their customers without taking much time at
the store. Tesco and Morrison both companies are using different facilities of providing
payment services in terms of service best services to their customers. This technical
changes effect their strategy of serving customers and changing in their operation
exercises as well. Drivers of change: There are majorly four divers of changes at workplace which are
organisational structure, new production, new management and new technology(Shea and
Solomon, 2013). Organisationn structure may refer to the merger and acquisition to other
retail businesses. New production in Tesco companies may changes in production, sales
and customer services of the Tesco and Morrison companies in order to serve quality of
product and services to generate more profit to these companies. These organisations
management have affected by their some internal and external factor by using innovative
technology in their business exercise in terms of making more profitability and their
goodwill in the industry effectively.
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 Technological Innovation: Both the companies Tesco and Morrison have changes in
their technology and neglect to work according to the formal and traditional way.
Nowadays technological changes play a vital role in order to increase competition in the
retail sector(Doppelt, 2017Fullan, 2014.). Tesco have set up their new outlets in various
region of the UK and set up updated technology in that outlets to make them effective to
others like Morrison. Morrison companies having use of the latest technologies and
engineering in terms of serve better to their customers and avoid time consuming services
and method and instead of them using refine technology in order to make positive effect
on the consumer mind and increasing profitability and productivity of the firm efficiently.
P.2. The ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour within an organisation
There are some internal and external drivers which make affect the Tesco and Morrison
organisation's leadership, team and individual behaviour in these companies which are as
following: Organisational culture: This is a most essential internal factor that affect many aspects
of an organisation. In terms of Tesco and Morrison retain companies both companies
follow a good organisational working culture at the workplace to better serve their
customers(Benn, Dunphy, and Griffiths, 2014). Organisational culture refers to the way
in which how their employee and workers behave in the companies towards their job and
responsibilities and each other. This organisational culture make effect the leadership of
the firm in terms of make them effective decision towards the organisaion in terms of
accomplish their desired goals and objective effectively. It assists leader of Tesco and
Morrison make their decision according to the favorable situation in the firm and manage
the team also within the business. Resistance: Projects which are made for implementing changes in the firm is always
concern to the staff resistance. This is the way in which is ensured that the project which
is planned is needed and addressed in terms of project succession. It either increase the
resistance in the corporation or decrease it(Labov, 2011). It is only depend on how the
project is panned and managed by the leaders of Tesco and Morrison retain companies. It
affects the individual behavior within the firm by increasing resistance in the firm will
create negative effect on these firm. A leader must need to effectively manage it and
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make the efficient manner to change their decision towards removing all conflicts and
disputes in the firm effectively. Effective Teamwork: This is the most common factor of every organisation to make
effectively teamwork culture within the firm to enhance the level of productivity and
quality in retail sector. There are some internals and externals drivers which are
technology, management, leadership and organisation structure and culture make affect
the teamwork of Tesco and Morrison retail companies. Teamwork makes a positive effect
in terms of raising productivity and profitability of these companies. These drives affect
the teamwork of Tesco and Morrison retail firm. Degree of leadership support: There might be some changes in projects of Tesco and
Morrison retail firm is driven by their leaders. So this is the external driver which makes
the affect of project planning, controlling and also modification in it. Leadership support
the way in which their teams could work as a cost effectively to the corporation. Leaders
of a company makes effects on every individual in the firm and their teams as well by
making their decision to the organisational efficient changes. A supportive leadership
leads to manage the changing management within the firm at the high degree.
 Organisational communication: This approach describes about to some organisatioal
changes may be affected by the organisational communication. It concentrates more on
the task of project(Amey, 2010). New technological changes have created revolution in
the communication planning in the business. In the companies Tesco and Morrison, there
are majorly need of effective organisational communication within the firms.
Communication could be internal or external both driver to make each employee
communicate with their superiors. It makes effect on each individual and team work in
the corporation by their well communication and instruction by their superior to their
subordinates to well project management.
 Political: There are political factors which is external drive with affect the changes in
Tesco and Morrison both firm. There are several government policies, rule and regulation
and their policies which influences the working culture of also affect the decision-making
process of these companies leaders. If their country political decision are against of
company working policies then they can make changes in team work and leaders
behavior towards changing their sectors within both businesses.
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 Customer influence: There are some external factors like customer influence their leader
decision and team behavior in terms of generating more effective decision in Tesco and
Morrison in terms of providing sufficient retail services to their customers. Customer
influence major changes within both firm by demanding several kinds of product and
services which are needed by their customers so that leader and team working in both
organisation's retail outlet must be changed according to customer reuest.
P.3. Measures of changes that minimize negative impact on organisational behaviour
There are some measures who can reduce the negative affect of changes within the Tesco
and Morrison retail firm(Quiros, 2014). Every firm face some issues when they take a step ahead
of changes in terms of implementing innovation in the corporation. The administration of the
Tesco and Morrison retail firm need to reduce their negativity while they make changes in their
whole working system and culture at workplace for generating effective productivity and
profitability.
Negative impacts on the organisaion with are as following:
 Lack of training and development principles within Tesco and Morrison both companies.
 There are large number or competition are presented nowadays in retail sector.
 There are several technological changes are needed in both companies in terms of
providing the best retail services in their companies. There are some political and technical issues arises within the country which makes
negative impact upon both Tesco and Morrison companies.
There are various measures which are as following: Transparency: Every organisation must be ensured that their degree of transparency
should be well maintained to reduce politics within the firm in context of making
effective changes in the Tesco and Morrison retail firm(Low, 2012). In the firm every
employee of the coronation must be well known about to the company goals and
objectives which would assist them to perform according to their predetermined targets
and goals. While implementing the relevant changes in the organisational structure,
everyone ought to be must clear all the new policies, rules and responsibilities of every
employee in the firm. If the company is planning for taking merge and acquisition with
other retail company, accommodating growth, expanding markets in business model as
well, then every employee must be aware from these changes and must be prepared to
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face all positive and negative affect of these changes, that would helps to increase their
productivity and effectiveness in the market. Training and development program: This approach assist them to develop their working
efficiency according to the task orientation. Tesco and Morrison retail firm must be
organised training and development program frequently at the workplace in terms of
furnish proper training to well known about to the changes in the firm and also teach
them how to face those issues which arise from new changes(Hellman, 2012). It would
assist the firm to reduce the negative effect on organisation behavior. With the help of
this approach each employees and management would be provided an appropriate
training and development program which is necessary for manage the all changes easily
within the corporation.
M.1 different driver for changes: Competition: The entrance of new companies in the market become cause of changes in
the business. For example: In the retail sector there are huge competition in the market
because of, there are many small retail outlets opening in the various region who create
competition to Tesco and Morrison retail firms and braking their loyal customers by
providing effective offers and vouchers. Technology: Innovative technology nowadays making huge competition in the market. In
the company who can not operate computer need to learn computer operating system.
Technology being cause of new development and changes in the Tesco and Morrison
retail company(Hamilton, 2010). In the today's complex world, there are many form in
which company are making changes and using new technology in terms of improving the
quality of product and services. For example: On the hotel website, they are providing
online email ticketing for flights to increasing their efficiency level and effective
customer services while facing few customers' opposition.
M.2. Appropriate theory for critically evaluate organisational response to change
 The mcKinsey 7-s model: McKinsey 7-s model is great for how your consistent company
is for making change in the firms. Of you are required to change your action according to
the new strategy and structure and you are not sure about what shout we do first. This
stage is change management model for you(Bason, 2010). In this model you can analyse
seven factors of your firm and examine as well, how they affect each other. You need to
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make united approach to business for highlighting the changes. These seven factor are
strategy, structure, system, shared value, style, staff, skills. They are all related to each
other and Tesco and Morrison retail companies must ensure that all the changes must be
must responsive according to this model and all the elements of this model should be well
identified in terms of increasing their performance efficiency level and raise productivity
of the firm.
TASK 3
P.4. Different barriers of change and how they influence leadership decision-making in Morrison
There are several barriers in the changing in Morrison retail supermarket firm.
Understanding these barriers of changes can help to make positive environment to formulate
strategies and implementation of some changes in the corporation according to demand of recent
world. Change is an important aspect of every company nowadays and it aims to sifting their
business form one region to another region in terms of making expansion of their business and
generate more profitability and productivity in the firm(Thompson, 2016). The management
always try to make appropriate changes in the business because they know that making changes
in an important part of an organisation which make significant change in the whole business.
There are several barriers which makes negative influence on the leadership decision-making in
Morrison firm.
There are some barriers and their influence in leadership decision-making: Lack of employee involvement: This is most common barriers for an organisation while
change within. There are always fear of change in companies activities and process so
that employee are mostly afraid from it. In this situation, even most loyal employees of
your firm would resist form changes because they don want to take any risk on their job.
Most of the firms are making their mistakes with not involving their employees in the
major discussion and decision while making changes(Goetsch, and Davis, 2014). It
makes negative impact on leadership decision-making in Morrison firm. They need to
involve their employee in all that situation in which the want to make major changes
within the firm. Leaders of Morrison corporation must try to avoid these barriers and
making their decision according t o their experience and with the help of their employee
and team member suggestion as well to effective changes in the business.
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 Lack of effective communication strategy: It is also a major barrier for many of
organisation to not having an appropriate communicate strategy so that their employees
would not be able to well aware about their policies and new changes in the Morrison
firm. Many of times, it had been seen that many of top leaders always assume that they
would announce the changes suddenly in the business and they would easily accept the
all changes according to their expectation(MacBeath, 2013). They are forcefully
resistance to accept the changes which create negative environment in the firm. In the
firm employee do not want to know about to change only they also want to know about
what will be the affect to these changes on them and how they would accept the change
as well. An effective communication must be there in Morrison business to make their
employee well known about to the forthcoming changes in the corporation. These
barriers influence the leadership decision-making process because if a leader of Morrison
firm want to apply some innovative changes in their firm then if there are not effective
communication then it would give negative impact on the project succession. M.3. Force field analysis to examine the driving and resisting forces and their influence
It could be identified with their names, five forces model which brings some
changes in the business that make innovative creation in the firm(Miller, and Rollnick, 2012). By
the evaluation of five force model it could be said that we let to know by it the demand for
changes in the firm and get great argument to make appropriate changes which are actually
necessary to the firm for sustainable development. There are two main forces of a change which
discussed below: Driving forces: Driving forces are those which are sustaining the relevant changes in the
firm and which is driver to Morrison business in terms of make some relevant changes in
the corporation. For example: if a customer want a new product from the company, then
it would be a driving force for the company to make changes in their production policy to
manufacture a product according to the demand of customers(Schexnider, 2013).
Customer's desires and company's willingness of produce a product bring some new
changes in the firm. Morrison firm ensure that customer desired product must be there in
their outlet store. Restraining force: Restraining force are those which is restraining the changes in the
firm. Because the company do not want to make changes according to their customers
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need and also do not want to handle new technology in terms of making something
innovative in the business. For example: customers are demanding to produce an
innovative product but company are not capable to handling the technology for
manufacturing the product according to the demand, this is the restraining part of a
company(Anderson, and Anderson, 2010). Morrison firm must be capable to accept
changes and making alteration in the business.
TASK 4
P.5. Different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range in Morrison
There are different leadership approaches which make helps to effectively deal with
change in Morrison organisation. Leadership styles making effects not only small business but
also in world largest companies(Thompson, and Martin, 2010). They create the corporate culture
that influence the firm and its working culture. Leadership plays a vital role in terms of making
significant change in the business.
There are some leadership style which helps to dealing with innovative changes in the
corporation which are as following: Autocratic style: This style is also known as authoritarian leadership style. Autocratic
leadership style specify the separation between leaders and workers. This leadership
approach provides the leaders to make their decision according to their little research and
not inclusion of their employee while decision making. These leaders are majorly
comfortable and confident in terms of making decision and taking responsibilities of all
company's changes and strategic and operation projects. The deal with changes according
to their own experience and with the assistance of their experts in the business. Participative leadership:Participative leadership also called democratic leadership, and it
is just opposite to the Autocratic leadership style(Hrebiniak, 2013). This is the leadership
style in which the leader make their decision with the guidance of management to its
team and department while accepting every change in the every individual staff. This
leader have right to make final decision but discuss with the feedback, ideas and
suggestion from all the workers in the firm. This leadership style has more workforce to
make decision according to the change. They will discuss with each individual employee
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about to the all appropriate change in the firm which will beneficial for accept changes
within Morrison business.
M.4. Which leadership can deliver organisation change effectively in Morrison:
There are some leadership style which are appropriate for best deliver with organisation changes
nowadays. But participative leadership approach is most essential for the Morrison business in
terms of the best deal with appropriate changes in the firm. Participative leadership: This is the most appropriate approach for the firm Morrison to
deal with their better changes in retail sector(De-Sardan, 2013). In supermarkets
leadership play a most vital role to effectively manage their all the departments and
teams. In the context of Morrison firm, its leader must discuss about to their all
forthcoming changes in the firm and also should take feedback from their employees and
customer to find out relevant changes in the firm. Reactive leadership: Reactive leadership are raised when you have not completed your
future plan in terms of developing your projects in effective way. If Morrison both
organisation's leader failed to play role of formal procedure and policies then you can
find yourself for making more spot of decision maker within the organisation. Effectiveness of leadership approaches: All these leaderships approach must have some
different effect on their different-different type of business. Leadership plays a vital role
in terms of make their business more effective and some important changes in the firm
also to achieve their targeted goals and objective efficiently and effectively. Situational leadership: Situational leadership is a leadership style that refers to when the
leader and manager of a company must set to fit in a particular situation of Morrison
company that will be helpful to create a favorable involvement to the development level
of their employees and he/she is trying to influence them. With situational leadership
style, it depends on the leader to modification their style according to the circumstances
not to employee to change their styles. With in the situation Tesco company work more
profitable in terms that, if its managers and leader take their suitable decision according
to the situation.
 Contingency leadership: This latest approach is related to the existing management
approaches. In contingency approach it is stated that manager must make decision by
considering number of factors. Morrison company's managers must use contingency
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approach when according to the changes in situation they must change usage of resources
in the business. If they have any shortage of retail products and lack of retail product
delivering then, the manager has to take decision to use their available resource at present
time for providing services.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, we have concluded that changes in a most necessary part of
an organisation in terms of maintain the own level in the complex competition in the market. We
compare of two different organisation in terms of their effectiveness of changes in the business.
Also, we concluded about to internal and external drivers of change that affect leadership, team
and individual behavior within Tesco and Morrison firm. We have measured that can be taken to
decrease negative impacts of changes in the organisational behavior. We have covered in this
investigation different barriers for change and determine how the make influence in the decision-
making process in Morrison business. Ultimately, we evaluated different leadership approaches
to dealing with changes and suggested to the Morison company to should apply partitive
leadership approach to better deal with their new changes within the business.
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