Understanding Why People Work: Factors, Motivation Theories, and Coping Strategies

This report delves into the concept of motivation and its various theories, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs. It explores the factors that motivate employees to work, such as salary, promotion, and work environment, as well as the positive and negative experiences they encounter. The report also provides strategies to cope with negative factors, such as toxic work environments and workplace conflicts.

BMP3004
World of Work
Understanding why people work

Contents
Introduction 3
What does Motivation Mean? 3
The various factors which motivate employees to work
4
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their job
roles 5
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their job
roles 5
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees experience as a
result of their job roles 6
Conclusion 6
References 7

Introduction
Motivation refers to the process of influencing, guiding and initiating the goal
oriented behavior that also concern with the cognitive, emotional forces which can majorly
change the preconception of the individual for conducting the particular task. It also helps in
team building which contribute to the achievement of the predefined goal(Jacobsoni and
Adams, 2011). When the individual is dedicated to the given work, it also helps in
complying with the new skills and method of working which make them more efficient at the
workplace. there are certain reasons why people tends to work and motivation is the
technique by which person feel valued and build confidence at the given job role. This report
will cover the various theories of motivation and the certain factors which is influencing the
employees positively and negatively as the experiences of the employees. Furthermore, It also
covers the various strategies in order to cope up with the negative experiences.
What does Motivation Mean?
Motivation is the process which initiate the person to follow the actions of individual
for their effective working so that they can rightly in all the aspects. Basically it includes the
biological, social and emotional forces which can activates the individual actions and their
behavior(Li and et.al., 2021). There are different theories and concept of motivation which
are explained as follows:
Maslow's hierarchical of need theory is the motivational human need which is
arranged in the hierarchical pyramid. An individual gets motivated in order to meet their
certain needs and effectively take better decisions over others and these are given below:
 Physiological needs: It is the primary need which is important for the survival of the
person that includes air, water, clothing and food(Abberley, 2021). If these needs can
not be fulfilled then the individual can survive more. After meeting the physiological
need, person move to next need.
 safety needs: After satisfying the above mentioned need, the individual wants to have
the control and predict the life in terms of their family and society. This helps the
person to have free mind set in order to work efficiently in their given job role.
 Love and belonging needs: It is the aspect which is related to the inter personal
relationships, contentedness and be the part of the particular group. There are various
examples such as trust, intimacy and friendship which needs to be achieve so that
person gets motivated.

 Self-esteem need: There are two categories, the first is esteem for the individual
while achieving the dignity and the achievement so that they can have the value for it.
Another is desire of respect and recognition for the other person that includes the
status and prestige and when the needs of the individual get satisfied, they can have
the better life.
 Self-actualization needs: It is the need in which an person includes the actual
realization of the person's potential which can helpful for the growth and having better
experience of the individual (Huang and Li, 2019). It is the main consideration of the
employees to have the job satisfaction and the better accomplishment of everything so
that they can have the better life and influence at the workplace.
Two type of motivation which are given below: Intrinsic: It covers the abilities of the individual in a specific task as they are being
rewarded personally. It also helps in the motivation of the individual by using the
right method of goal achievement. For say, getting appropriate feedback.
 Extrinsic:It is the aspects which includes the accomplishment of tasks in which the
person can effectively have the outside factors such as getting rewards and avoiding
punishment etc. which helps in some cases and includes as the example such as
rewards.
The various factors which motivate employees to work
 Salary: It is the fixed amount of money which is being given to the individual for
doing some sort of job in order to meet the needs and wants effectively. In some
cases, person can do what is needed for their survival and it can be said that getting
more rewards, salary and incentives make the person more productive in their given
job role by which they can rightly work by giving full time to solve the specific
problem at the workplace.
 Promotion: It is the factor which motivates the worker to appeal for their ambition
as it affects the employees and their desire to have independence, autonomy and
managerial competence(Thompson, 2020). As the employees is being more to higher
level of job by increasing their job profile and make their more responsible by which
they become influenced to work effectively in their given job role.
 Work Environment: It is the factors in which employees is given good working
environment so that they can work happily with the best use of their skills and
abilities which leads to enhance their productivity and profitability within the

organization. It also helps in retaining the high working employees within the
operations with the aim of long term sustainability.
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their job
roles
The working of the employees giving positive responses to them can leads to have
better results for having job satisfaction and certain factors which can impact the experience
of the workers that are given below:
 Skill development and growth opportunities: Every individual is working so that
they can have the better opportunity in their career and when the individual is getting
certain job related opportunities and development then it helps in positive experiences
of them by which they can effectively work in the right direction.
 Modern performance management: when the employees is having right approach
as the continuous performance management of the personal that helps in identifying
the deviation from the workplace and also enhance the productivity of the
employees(Leclair, 2017). It also helps in meeting the pre-defined goal of the
company as employees give their best by using advance technique in the production
and other operational activities.
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their job
roles
There are certain factors which are negatively impacting the individual performance
or the experience of the workers at their workplace that are explained as follows:
 Toxic work environment: It is the factors which leads to negative environment or
the experience of the employees by wrong talks which can affects the overall working
of the organization. The employees feel dissatisfied by the work which is being
assigned to them.
 Workplace conflicts: It is factors which can create wrong perception of the
employees as they can make the better by having the coordination and the
understanding among the employees. It also leads to affects the overall productivity of
the worker.

Strategies to cope with negative factors employees experience as a
result of their job roles
There are certain strategies which can helps in reducing the impact of negative factors
and comply with the negative experience of the employees that are given below:
 Opportunity to express opinions and views: In an organization, It is vital to have
the free of expression to every employees so that they can rightly give their opinion
for the given job role(Mattioli, Walters and Cannon, 2018).
 This also helps in motivating the employees by which they can improve their
efficiency which leads ti have the higher results within the organization.
 Employee engagement: It is the factor in which the employees feel valued and be
the part of the organization by having good relationship within the workplace. This
also leads to reduce the workplace conflicts and motivates the employees to take their
time in order to improve their efficiency.
 Give recognition: It is necessary to have the better results within the organization
with the full efforts of the employees and they must be rewarded with the monetary
and non-monetary rewards so that they can retain in the business for long period of
time and feel valued and happy at the workplace.
Conclusion
It is concluded from the above report that motivation is the factors which helps in
changing the overall personality of the individual so that they can rightly use their skills and
abilities at the given job role. There are various factors which influence the employees for
their better performance such as promotion, salary and working environment. When the
company is making these factors favorable for the employees so that they can effectively get
good results. On other hand, toxic environment and conflicts negatively impact the overall
functionality of the employees. In order to overcome the impact of such factors. It is vital to
use the strategies such as recognition, increase their engagement and provide freedom to
express their opinions.

References
Abberley, P., 2018. Work, utopia and impairment. In Disability and society. (pp. 61-79).
Routledge.
Huang, W. and Li, S., 2019. An approach for understanding human activity patterns with the
motivations behind. International Journal of Geographical Information Science.
33(2).pp.385-407.
Jacobson, G. and Adams, A.E., 2017. Understanding environmental risk perceptions: a case
of contested illness in South Florida. Sociological Inquiry. 87(4). pp.659-684.
Leclair, M., 2017. “Dior and I”: understanding the combination of creativity and economy in
fashion industry. Society and Business Review.
Li, Z., and et. al., 2020, July. Insideout: Towards an Understanding of Designing Playful
Experiences with Imaging Capsules. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Designing
Interactive Systems Conference.(pp. 601-613).
Mattioli, D., Walters, L. and Cannon, E.J., 2018. Focusing on the caregiver: compassion
fatigue awareness and understanding. Medsurg nursing. 27(5). pp.323-328
Thompson, N., 2020. Understanding social work: Preparing for practice. Red Globe Press.