Unit 12 - Organisational Behaviour

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
P1Analyse how an organization’s culture, politics and power can influence individual and
team behaviour and performance...........................................................................................3
P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques,
enable effective achievement of goals in an organisational context......................................5
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team......................7
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of OB within an organisational context and a given
business situation....................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................12
INTRODUCTION

Organisation behaviour involves the study of peoples behaviour inside of the
organisation. That how the workers, manager and staff behave and how they should be behave.
That is the important to analyse the organisation behaviour and mange it, because this effects the
organisation functioning and growth (Anglin, A.H. 2018.). It is about that how the individuals
impact to the work environment which directly effects the organization performance, leadership,
structure of working team along with organisation goals achievement. This report is based on
TESCO, it is a British multinational retailer company which provide the services of groceries. It
is the largest retailers throughout the world comes in the third poison. This report is involves the
discussion of TESCO organisation behaviour by analysing the cultural and political effects on
the performance of team. How the motivational theory's helps to improve the behaviour, the
characteristics of effective and ineffective team. Philosophise of organization behaviour.
P1Analyse how an organization’s culture, politics and power can influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.
Power, politics and culture highly influence the team and individual performance. These factors
posses both the positive and negative impact on the success of company and that is explain
below.
Influence of power on team and individual
Power in the organisation effects the behaviour of workers and employee because, power
in the company is differentiate throughout the groups and individuals on the basis of capability to
Handel all the problematic situation and the ability to take the right decision. The power is given
to the employee in the form of authorities. It aid to influence the workers for performing much
well, by providing them the power of managing the particular task to complete it. Power
distribution is work as motivator because it create the confidence in the mind of individual
worker. that they are important for organisation and company trust on them for completing that
task. So in that place power influence positively (Aulls, M.W. 2020.). Power is can be in the
form of authority, reward's , increment of work position. There some theories of power which
helps the organisation to adapt the right power management strategies. The brief explanation of
TESCO adapted theories is given below.
 Coercive power: This type of power is given to the higher authority of organisation such
as CEO and the other senior manager in order to mange the other work force such as
employees and workers. The meaning of coercive if forceful and triggering so this

indicates that individual with the coercive power in the organisation have right to make
force on workers in order to get completion of task within the right time. TESCO manger
mange the performance of workers by using their power.
 Rewards power: It involves the power to offer the rewards to the right employee and
workers on the basis of their performance ( Ferris, G.R.2017.). In TESCO this power is
given to the team directors to decide the rewards and team leader have to make aware the
team about the reward targets.
 Referent power: This power is given to the the leaders and HR in order to refer the work
and department name for individual workers. In TESKO this power is given to the
manger of supermarket so that they can differentiate the departments name and duties.
 Informational power: this power is can be given to the the person who can use the
information in right way and manage it accordingly. In the TESCO information power is
given to the CEO then to the information manger of every branch.
Influence of politics on team and individual:
Politics in the company is not necessary required because it mostly create the conflict
between the employee for their rights. It is the judgemental behaviours of individual for any
discussion and decision. TESCO is managing the right political environment in the work place
and this power is give to the one person, manger so that they can take right decision without
conflict. Some of the organisation factors which get influence by the political behaviour of
group and individual is organisation culture and changing attitude.
▪ Organisation culture: the increased political behaviour of workers and manger
create the negativity in the work environment, witch directly and indirectly effects
the work performance of the workers.
▪ Changing attitude: If the political behaviour of employees and team leader get
increase then it create the irrelevant controversies. Which finally causes the
changes of workers attitude, this can reduces the interest of employees from
work.
Impact of culture on team and individual:
Culture is the atmosphere of organisation that includes the respectful and peaceful
management system along with the well qualified and trained employees. It can be good or bad
depends on the organisation management] system and work facility's. Culture is one of the factor

which defines the value of company (Griffin, R.W. 2020). TESCO is using the best management
system along with the highly specialised employees which make it best and valuable
organisation. Culture of the organisation is explained below by the use of handy's culture
typology.
Power culture: This is can be known as the higher authorities management culture that
how they mange the workers and organisation performance which directly effects the employees
performance. TESCO higher authority uses the right way of command to make the good work
culture.
Role culture: Role culture is the culture of departmental mangers management system
that how they mange their team to work effective by giving them the responsibility on the basis
of their skills (.Harrison, G. 2016.). TESCO mangers mange the each department and their
activity in well defined manner.
Task culture: this culture is create in between the teams to complete the objective of
given task and to solve the problem. TESCO use this culture to achieve the objective.
Person culture: This culture is made of important member of company which posses the
specific role in the business. TESCO use this culture strategy to achieve the higher productivity.
P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques, enable
effective achievement of goals in an organisational context
Motivational theory's are the motivational guidance which is given by authors and management
researcher ( Henry, J. 2018.). These theory's helps to study,analyse and select the right thing
which aid to drives the individual towards the achievement of goals. It can be apply to the every
stage of life and in every field but highly use in the organisation management system use the
right influencers for the motivation of employees in order to achieve the organisation goals.
Motivational theory's are divided into to categories such as content theories and process theories.
Content theories:This involves the motivational theories which focus on the needs of person that
how the individual needs influence them to work for it with the best efforts. So needs motivate to
achieve the goal and compete the task. TESCO use these types of motivational theorise to
increase the work efficiency by providing the chance to fulfil their needs.
Maslow's needs hierarchy: this state that the individual needs are divided into five
stages on the basis of their satisfaction for the basic need, then the next stepping for the

fulfilment of other needs. It simply state that person motivate automatically for the fulfilment
their needs step by step. This theory helps the TESCO to motivate the employees for competing
the task by offering different plan of needs fulfilment. Five stages of Maslow's hierarchy is
given below.
 Physiological needs: This stage include the basic needs for the survival, such as shelter,
food, water, clothings. Every one work for it initially without the force of other its a
internal force of individual to work for the fulfilment of those needs.
 Safety needs: Once the individual get stable to fulfil their basic need then they look for
the safety needs (Jacobs, K. and Manzi, T., 2020.). Such as health safety, property,
family, financial safety and social stability. TESCO motivate their employees by offering
health policies and offers the best PF plans and salary.
 love and belonging needs: This is the stage at which person start Sikking for love and
belongingness, family, friends, life partner. TESCO offers holidays and some family
holiday packages, in-order to increase the employees loyalty.
 Self esteem: Where the person work to make their value at society and organisation.
TESCO gives the opportunities of increment.
 Self actualisation: Mostly people just stop at the 4th stage because it is difficult to reach.
It is the stage where person is stable to fulfil the every needs of live and long with this
they can also work for the fulfilment of others needs.
Process theory's of motivation: This types of theory's state that how the individual get
motivated by the use of some influencing offers and terms which motivates the individual to
complete that task. On the basis of this, a task success of which aid to get the benefit's then it
sure that person try to hit that task for that offer ( Lau, P.Y.Y. 2017). Some of the process
theory's which is implemented by TESCO for the motivation of their employees is explain
below.
Vroom expectancy theory: According to this theory needs of individuals influence their
behaviour for work and performance. So company can achieve the best performance by
informing their employee about the process of successes in the organization. This theory is
divided in to three parts, Explain below.
Expectancy: It involves the construction of expectancy in the mind of employees that if
they form effective, then they will reach the batter performance level. TESCO do it exactly.

Instrumentality: Development of the knowledge in the mind of worker that if they
perform good then they can be able to get success in their task and if they get this organisation
will aid to fulfil their needs.
Valence: Once the individual get influenced by the this offer and process. Then they
focus on the achievements of goal by refusing the other gossips and comfort.
Goal setting theory: According to this theory Goal setting which comprise of task,
opportunity and offers is can be a best influencers for the achievement of organisation goals and
profit. TESCO sets the goals for their employee along with effective offers such as bonus and
incrementation (.Low, W.W. 2020). Which can be given to the individual and group for their
good performance. This type of goal setting motivate the workers to work hard and smart.
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Difference between effective and ineffective team:
Factors Effective team Ineffective team
Objectives The well defined goals setting
and focus behaviour of team
make it different from
ineffective team.
Team which do not follow the
right way of goals
management. Which all ways
been confused about their
goals and objectives.
Management Team which follows the right
strategies for task management
and help each other for that.
Team which do not follow the
management system. And be
very unorganized.
Roles Team leader divided the roles
of every members on the basis
of their speciality(Perryer, C.
2016. ).
Team which do not
differentiated their
responsibility. Their roles
accordingly.
Communication Every member of the team
posse the good communication
skills. Understand each other.
Team which wouldn't know
the way of talking. Don't
know the way of

communicating, who just uses
the informal language.
Belbin theory
This theory is developed by Dr. Meredith Belbin, According to him team can not be
made by just by the grouping of peoples. It requires the analysis of specific skills and ability's of
employees. then the differentiation of roles of every member in team by arranging them on the
basis of their specific skills. Belbine focused on three characteristics of team that is action
oriented, people oriented, thought oriented. Then sub dived these three group into the Nine roles
of team. According to these theory role of the team member should decided on the basis of these
nine roles by analysing their speciality (Sitzmann, T. 2018) This theory aid to understand the
employees. so that strength and weakness of team member can so that this can be improved and
managed in right way. Nine roles are given below.
Monitor evaluator: Is can be the person who interact lass but judge the work.

Plant: This role is can be authorise to the imaginative, creative member of team how can aid to
solve the difficult problem.
Specialist: The person who can be comes in the at the situation of specific problems which
create rarely.
Co-ordinator: This role is can be given to the mature and experienced member of their team
who can clarifies the goals.
Resources investigator: This role is for extrovert Type of person from the team member who
can collect the contacts and opportunities with their effective communication.
Team-worker: This is for the individual who can cooperate with the team for completing the
task.
Implementer: This role is can be given to the person who can make the decisions, solutions,
innovation into reality.
Shaper: this role is can be given to the person who can handle the obstacles with their
challenging and dynamic personality (Sousa, M.J. and Rocha, Á., 2019).
Completer finisher: This role is for the individual who can analyse the errors of plan, project
and task.
TESCO uses the Belbin theory along with some other team management theory, in order to
make effective team.
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of OB within an organisational context and a given business
situation.
There are the multiples types of theory's and philosophies of organisation behaviour and
one them is Path goal leadership theory is explain below.
Path goal leadership theory: This theory involves the specification of leaders style as well as
the behaviour of team leader which best fit with the specific kind of the team at their work
environment for the achievement of goals by this (Vaara, E., Tienari, J. 2019) The purpose of
this model is to set the right leadership style for specific team in order to motivate, influence and
satisfy them so they can work effectively and become more productive.

TESCO implement this theory to use the appropriate leadership style one the basis of
department, task and work environment in order to increase productivity. TESCO implement the
democratic leadership style. Where they gives the importance to their employees during decision
making and take their suggestion too. So that's why their workers are motivated and aid to
provide the best services to their customers. Democratic style is also known as participative.
Employee characteristic: Workers look towards the leader on the basis of their own
point of view. So it need to understand their workers behaviour and help them with the best
rewards along with the best motivation. Manager TESCO is understanding their team and help
them out for every thing they need in the work place.
Task and environment characteristics: The purpose of this theory is to take the right
decision for solving the problem. So if the problem become more complicated then leader have
to work with the employee to solve that problem. TESCO use the feedback strategy to
understand the problem of team if they have and what changes they want. So that leader can take
the right decision.
Leadership styles
Directive style leadership style: In this type of style, leader just give the command and
differentiate the responsibilities and employee have to follow it.
Participative leadership style: In this type of leadership style leader have to take
opinion of employees in the decision making (Wood, J.M. 2016.Zak, P., 2017). This helps to

wiled the relationship between leader and employees and aid to increase the performances level
of the workers. TESCO use this leadership style.
CONCLUSION
The whole content of this report conclude that the organisation behaviour is the nature of
work environment and nature of the employees. That how the manger mange their employees
and how the workers perform for it. This is important part of the organisation, which should be
mange in the right way for effective staff,best result and for the organisation growth. Their are
some theory's which helps the organisation to motivate their team in order to mange the
organization behaviour. Such as Maslow's needs hierarchy, Belbin theory, Path goal leadership
theory. All these theoiris are the key source of organisation behaviour management.
REFERENCE
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