UTI and CKD

Running Head: UTI AND CKD
0
Nursing
student
7/10/2019

UTI AND CKD
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Table of Contents
Case study...................................................................................................................................................2
Q 1 (Answer)...........................................................................................................................................2
Q 2 (answer)............................................................................................................................................3
Q 3 (answer)............................................................................................................................................4
Q4 (answer).............................................................................................................................................5
Q 5 (answer)............................................................................................................................................7
References...................................................................................................................................................9

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Case study
Q 1 (Answer)
As discussed in the case study Naomi has been diagnosed with myocardial infraction
fifteen years ago and now has heart failure. Her vital sign assessment showed that her blood
pressure is 135/85 (which is considered high) and GFR is 50 ml/minute which is mildly to
moderately low. She also has micro-albuminuria and Chronic kidney disease.
Heart failure occasionally called as congestive heart failure, happen when the muscle of
the heart does not pump the blood appropriately. Certain health conditions like narrowed arteries
in the heart or high blood pressure causes heart too weak or pumps improperly. This may affect
other organ or system the body. Naomi’s heart failure and chronic kidney diseases are interlinked
to each other (Ziaeian & Fonarow, 2016). As Naomi has been facing heart related issues for a
long time, and developed kidney issues, these might be connected. It has been identified by
different researches that when an individual have heart disorder, their heart may not works in
right way. The heart might become overfilled with blood. This leads to the pressure build in the
blood veins that are connected to the kidneys, which results in blockage and a decreased
transportation of the blood rich in o2 to the patient’s kidneys. This may source different kidney
diseases (Unger et al., 2016). This happened in Naomi’s case as she had myocardial infraction,
and recently diagnosed with heart failure, which resulted in micro-albuminuria, and urinary tract
infection. Micro-albuminuria is the health condition in which the levels of urine albumin is
elevated, this happens when patient’s kidneys secrets albumin in the urine. According to Nayor
et al., (2017), both chronic kidney disease and micro-albuminuria issues are linked to the
elevated risk of heart failure. Naomi’s GFR was 50ml/minute which indicated that her kidney

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were not functioning the filtration process appropriately. Kidneys filtering lee than 60 per cent of
usual is stage 3 chronic kidney diseases. On the other hand kidney related issues may also cause
heart disease. When the patient’s kidneys are note functioning well, the hormone system
responsible for regulating blood pressure, forced to work harder to enhance the blood
transportation to the patient’s kidney. This might force heart to pump the blood more hardly,
which ultimately case heart disease. Therefore Naomi’s heart issues and impaired excretory
system were interlinked (Unger et al., 2016).
Q 2 (answer)
Naomi has been prescribed with certain medications such as aspirin, atorvastatin,
irbesartan, frusemide, and fluoxetine. Atorvastatin is given along with the favourable diet to
assist the patient to decrease the levels of bad cholesterol and fat and raises the levels of healthy
cholesterol in the blood. This reduces the risk of heart disorders and assists in preventing the
strokes or heart attacks (Kowalski, 2016). In case of Naomi this drug might be helpful to reduce
the risk of developing heart attack related problems as she has heart failure. It will help in
clearing the veins that usually blocked due to increased levels of cholesterol and forces heart to
pump the blood more hardly. Some of the most common side effects associated with this drug
and might be caused in case of Naomi include, headache, hoarseness, lower back pain, and side
pain, pain or tenderness nearby the eyes and cheekbones, painful or difficulty in urination, and
stuffy or runny nose (Zhang et al., 2018). Aspirin is also provided to Naomi, which is the acetyl-
salicylic acid commonly used medicines to treat the pain and fever occurs due to many causes. It
has both antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. This particular drug is also prevents the
platelet aggregation and inhibits the blood clot stroke, and the myocardial infarction. Different
researches conducted on this drug also identified that the long term usage of this drug may