Website Design and Development

This document provides an introduction to website design and development, including the purpose and types of DNS, the relationships between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems, and web server software, and the capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end website technologies. It also discusses the differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites.

WEBSITE DESIGN AND
DEVELOPMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P 1 Purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on ways in which domain names are
organised and managed................................................................................................................1
P 2 Explanation of purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server
hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing
and accessing a website...............................................................................................................2
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................3
P 3 Discussion of capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end website
technologies and explain of ways in which these relate to presentation and application layers. 3
P 4 Differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites...........................4
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................6
P 5 Creation of design document.................................................................................................6
P 6 Using design document with appropriate principles, standards and guidelines to produce a
branded, multipage website supported with realistic content......................................................8
LO 4.................................................................................................................................................9
P 7 Create a suitable Test Plan identifying key performance area..............................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
In advancement of modern technology that will support the increasing demand of virtual
tour websites in the global marketplace (Crawford and Hussain, 2017). This documentation is
mainly focused on the designing for Virtual websites which provide various kinds of facilities
and services. Sometimes, it allows for better user interface and experience. Main purpose of this
virtual tour based website is to manage or control the functionality. There are different kinds of
methods or techniques used for developing an appropriate website. Afterwards, it will analyse
the overall performance of the website. This report will discuss the purpose, type of DNS in
order to manage the various domains. It will describe the relationship between multiple
communication protocols with hardware, software in accessing virtual based websites.
Furthermore, it will discuss the backend, front end developer to handle functionality of the
website. However, it will test the designing and create documentation to find out the
effectiveness in the website accessing.
LO 1
P 1 Purpose and types of DNS, including explanations on ways in which domain names are
organised and managed.
DNS stands for Domain name server whose main function is to translate domain name
into IP Address that can be understood by computer (Afroz and et. al., 2018). It further helps in
providing list of mail server that helps in accepting Emails for each domain name. it is a kind of
protocol that uses TCP/IP protocol set or it can also be said that it is a kind of system that
matches names with numbers like phonebook does.
DNS Hierarchy
DNS uses hierarchy in order to manage its distributed database system. DNS system has
a single tree at the top of structure which is known as root domain. Dot is a designation of root
domain. Some of the most common top-level DNS domains and the types of organizations that
use them are: .com, .edu, .gov, .mil, .org, .net, and .int.
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There are many different kinds of DNS servers, some of the main type of DNS servers
are as follows:
 Resolver: it is first type of DNS query that acts as a middle link between DNS name server
and client. It helps in sending DNS query from client as a recursive resolver so that it can
bring back cached data if it is available in catch and if it is not available in catch then it sent a
request to root name server then to top level domain name server and then lastly to
Authoritative name server (Sabanovic, Saracevic and Dzemic, 2018). So it can be said that
main purpose of this DNS is to find website in its catch.
 Iterative: it is kind of DNS query that query for information on website. Users enter website
they are trying to find. Resolver provide answer from catch and iterative DNS query helps in
finding answers on website by returning address of DNS server.
 Root server: It is a kind of server for DNS records whose main purpose is to translate domain
name into an IP address (Flemmings, 2018). All the request made in DNS root zone are
answered. Another main purpose of this server is to divert other request made to Top level
domain name server.
 Top level domain name server: it mainly refers to last part of domain name (part after dot). It
is categorized into two parts: first is country ID and second is industry TLD. It is the highest
level of domain name in DNS root zone. It is the last section of domain name whose main
purpose is to take care of internet assigned number authorities.
 Authoritative name server: main purpose of this server is to answer original DNS query. It
provides answers to recursive DNS nameserver with website IP mapping.
URLs: it is the main address of the website which typed by users in address bar of browser.
Each website has a unique URL that cannot be shared by other websites (Asih and et. al,. 2019).
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It is organised in different parts in a proper structure. First part is protocol. Protocol mostly used
is http or https that helps in sending data over website and browser that has been accessed by
user. Then comes the host name or Moodle which is the main name of web server which is being
accessed. Then last part is top level domain that shows country id or company id.
P 2 Explanation of purpose and relationships between communication protocols, server
hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to designing, publishing
and accessing a website
Communication protocols: It is also known as inter- network protocol or information exchange
protocol and sometimes interaction protocol. It is a simple kind of protocol whose main purpose
is to link subnet into inter- locations so that transmission of data, signal with authentication can
be done (Oberoi, Patel and Haon, 2017). It further helps in representing data and further helps in
data error detection. Main purpose of communication protocol is to transfer data packets over
internet without any kind of error so that both user and device can connect with each other and
exchange information in a proper and appropriate manner. it helps in defining rules, symmetry,
syntax in order to synchronize communication between device and user implementing error
recovery method. These communication protocols have direct relationship with server hardware
and web server software as these protocols are implemented by them in an accurate manner.
these protocols are used when website is designed so that exchange of information can be
identified and ways in which it will be transferred to hardware server. At the time of accessing
website communication protocols are used to communicate information from server hardware to
website server software so that information can be accessed by user in an accurate manner (Wu,
Wang and Evans, 2019). Some of the example of communication protocol are; File
Transfer Protocol (FTP), TCP/IP, User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP).
Server hardware: it is a part of computer that can be seen and touched. It has direct relationship
with web server software as it helps web server software to run or load website on browser so
that client can access it. When a website is accessed by users, they need a server hardware so that
though web server software they can easily access website. Not only this, while designing a
website server hardware is required because using communication protocol on web server
software website can be designed only on server hardware as server hardware provides a
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platform on which website can be designed. For example: rack mountable network appliances,
mountable switches.
Operating systems: It is a kind of interface between user and server hardware that perform all
kinds of task and helps in providing support to web server software so that it can run smoothly
on server hardware so that designing, publishing and accessing of website on server hardware by
user can be done easily (Hia and et. al., 2020). Operating system works on top of server
hardware so that communication between hardware and software is done smoothly without any
kind of error.
Web server software: Main purpose of web server software is to establish and organize proper
communication between user and server hardware. It is extremely useful in designing a website
as it helps in providing resources required for designing a website. It has direct relationship with
server hardware as without hardware it cannot provide support to user in publishing or accessing
website. Apache is one of the most commonly used Web server software.
Relationship:
 Communication protocol defines rules, syntax and synchronize communication but it can
only be implemented by server hardware, web server software and operating system.
 Server hardware represent all physical things that can be seen and merged together to build a
personal computer. But it requires operating system in order to be used.
LO 2
P 3 Discussion of capabilities and relationships between front-end and back-end website
technologies and explain of ways in which these relate to presentation and application
layers
Front end website development technology
Front end website development technology helps in developing user interface of the
website. It is one of the most essential features that works on client side while designing a
website (Esmaeelzadeh and et. al., 2017). Front end technology is used by developer or
programmer so that they can develop a dynamic and convenient website. Front end technologies
use three main components that are: first is hyper- text mark-up language which is used for
creating page structure, layout, design, pattern. This technology is basically used to create entire
wireframe of dynamic VirtualLondonUK website. Cascading style sheet is another component
which is used for styling appearance of website. It helps in enhancing overall display of website
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by setting different colours, font type and size, setting appearance of the website as well. Last
component is JavaScript which is a kind of scripting language which is used for development of
dynamic website as it helps user in interacting with website in an appropriate manner
(Susianawati, Tjandrarini and Wulandari, 2017). Presentation layer in OSI model is responsible
for translating data between application (website) and data. Front end technologies helps in
transmitting data from website to browser and keep it secure from people so that it cannot be
altered by anyone.
Back end website development technology
Back end website development technologies are mainly used for implementing website
logic. It helps in putting something which is hidden from users. These technologies are used for
performance of various back end operations. Some of the most commonly used banc end
technologies are: java, Php etc. These technologies require tools or applications like SQL server,
MySQL etc. Most of the developers use MySQL, MongoDB or any other kind of database for
back end development of website.
There is a strong relationship between front end and back end website development
technologies. Developers use front end technologies for development of dynamic website and
integrate it with back end technologies in order to enhance working of website and to make it
even more meaningful (Hannonen, 2017). Both the technologies are interdependent on each
other as this integration help in integrating website with database for better security of website,
storing data of website properly and for taking regular backup of website data so that at the time
od recovery data can be recovered properly.
Front end technology interact with back end technology in which http sent direct request
to server in order to search information and display results on html page of website. Front end
technology uses presentation layer so that dynamic style and pattern of website can be displayed
and instruction on server side of website can be given properly. Whereas, back end technology
uses application payer for management and control operation provision so that large amount of
data in database can be man aged and controlled. Application layer helps in establishing
relationship with front end technology so that website can interact with database in a proper
manner.
P 4 Differences between online website creation tools and custom-built sites
Online website creation tool
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These tools provide with a sample template which makes website creation from scratch
much easier (Hannonen, 2017). These tools simply allow website construction with manual
coding and editing. It is also known as content management system where user does not require
any kind of special skills or technical knowledge of development or creation of website.
Custom built website
Such kind of websites require technical knowledge and special skills for development of
website. Whole website is designed and coded as per the requirement of users and functionalities
required to be present within website.
Online website creation tool Custom built website
Flexibility It allows users to use template for
website creation that can help users
in getting support in changing
design, colour, layout, pattern of
website in a proper manner. In such
website’s changes required to be
brought within website are limited
due to which its flexibility can get
reduced (Hannonen, 2017).
Customer build website developers
require technical knowledge so that
they can develop an appropriate
dynamic website. Flexibility in
these websites is much better than
online website creation tools as in
such website’s developers can do
anything as per requirement of
users.
Performance Online website creation tools have
lots of extra codes added so that it
becomes much easier for users to
design and built website because of
which its performance is not as
effective as compared to custom built
website performance.
Performance of such websites is
much better as it will be having
only odes to that will be required to
run. It can also be said that it is
faster than online website creation
tool websites.
Functionality Websites developed using this tool
are provided with limited
functionalities i.e., users can access
only those functionalities that are
available in template.
On the other hand, functionalities
available for custom build website
are many. Developers of these
websites can add any functionality
in the website simply by coding.
User Experience Websites created using online Custom developed website
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(UX) website creation tools might not give
excellent experience to end users or
it can be said that user experience
can be restricted in such website.
provides better user experience to
end users as compared to websites
developed through online website
creation tools. Such websites can
be developed as per expected
users’ expectations that can help in
enhancing their overall experience.
User Interface
(UI)
User interface of such websites
might not be asper the expectations
of end users as such tools consist of
pre defied templates whose user
interface might be limited
When developers develop custom
developed websites, they ensure
that user interface is as per the need
and requirement of user
(Hannonen, 2017).
LO 3
P 5 Creation of design document
VirtualLondonUK website will be providing customers to sign- up for newsletters via email to
receive notifications, gain knowledge about different locations, share their experiences only for
other customers, and can see pictures of attractive places.
Site map
It is a kind of model of website content which is designed to help both search engine and
users so that they can navigate in website. It can be a hierarchical list of pages. Below site map
helps in understanding site map of VirtualLondonUK website.
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User and client requirements
User and client requirements help developers of website to understand main
functionalities to be included in website in much easier manner. main user or client requirements
are:
 Users will be able to sign- up for newsletters via email to receive notifications
 Search for new places of other kinds of services provided by company.
 Get virtual tour of any place
 Users will be able to provide feedback
 Provide information about different locations or places in UK.
Features and functions of website
 Login: users will be able to sign-up or login to website so that they can get virtual tour of
places and can sign up for notifications.
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 Search: This tab helps users to search for a particular place, service or any other thig as per
their requirement and knowledge.
 Home page: home page of this website will help in providing details of locations in UK,
virtual tours of location either though their video or pictures, and if users have sign- up then
they will get notification for the same.
 Types of servicers: it is another page of website in which types of services that can be
availed by uses with description has been provided.
 About Us: this page will be providing all kinds of description of and information about
the company, contact details, products and services offered by the company and their
details.
 Support: this page with provide platform to users where they can mail support team for
any kind of query, or they can fill a form of their queries, or lastly they can provide
feedback of their experience.
P 6 Using design document with appropriate principles, standards and guidelines to produce a
branded, multipage website supported with realistic content
When identification of design pattern, structure and layout of dynamic website comes into
picture then in such case consideration of suitable principle and guidelines are required to be
considered. It helps in maintaining require quality and credibility of website which is required by
users. It further helps the users to control their actions or information that they want to brows on
website.
Design principles: Colour pallet of website is chosen according to the users so that it not only
attracts users but also makes visibility of information much clear. Developers are required to
make navigation between all the pages of website much easier so that it becomes easy for users
to navigate from one page of website to another. Coding of website should be done in such a
manner that website page can easily get loaded.
Standards: Quality assurance: quality of website is required to be maintained so that overall user
experience of end users of website can be maintained.
Images of multipage website developed
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LO 4
P 7 Create a suitable Test Plan identifying key performance area
Functionality testing:
In this testing all the links are checked so that if any kind of syntax error is displayed
because of which any functionality of website cannot be accessed then it is checked.
 All the fields of help form are validated in order to ensure that correct information is filled
and if wrong information is filled then error message is displayed easily.
 Home page link is easily showing sub links and navigation to that link is done easily
Usability testing:
This testing helps in testing whether website is easy and convenient for users to be used.
 Website is easy to be used so that users can easily find required information
 Detailed information about different locations and places in UK are present and can be easily
accessed.
 Search option for users is clearly visible so that it becomes much easier for users to search
for a particular information.
Interface testing:
Main interfaces of this website are: webserver and application server interface, and
application server and database server interface.
 If database or application server return any error then application server should catch and
display those error message to users appropriately.
 Interaction between server is executed and errors are processed in a sequence
Browser compatibility testing
Most of the web application depend upon the browser and different browser have
different configurations so it is important to check whether developed website is compatible with
different browsers.
 Website should run smoothly on any device browsers without any error
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it has been summarised about the importance of Virtual tour-
based websites, which provide the better facilities and services of potential clients. Sometimes,
this documentation has described the overall brief idea about the different front end as well as
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back end performance of the website. Moreover, It can be identified the relationship between
multiple communication protocols with hardware, software in accessing virtual based websites.
However, it can perform test cases that can support defining the design patterns, create
documentation to find out the effectiveness of the website.
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REFERENCES
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In Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering Research and
Practice (SERP) (pp. 69-76). The Steering Committee of The World Congress in
Computer Science, Computer Engineering and Applied Computing (WorldComp).
Esmaeelzadeh, A., and et. al., 2017. The effect of the atmosphere and store layout and web
design, online impulse buying behavior of customers. Journal of Business
Management. 9(2). pp.213-232.
Flemmings, H., 2018. Use of Various Technologies, Tools and Environments in Website
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Hannonen, D., 2017. Development of Website Solution for Association to Assist Young
Professionals.
Hia, E.P.D., and et. al., 2020, November. The Use of Information and Communication
Technology Through Website and Social Media as Public Relations Information Media.
In 2nd Early Childhood and Primary Childhood Education (ECPE 2020) (pp. 269-274).
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Oberoi, P., Patel, C. and Haon, C., 2017. Technology sourcing for website personalization and
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Sabanovic, M., Saracevic, M. and Dzemic, K., 2018. Comparative Analysis of Data Transfer
Technology Between Server and Client: AMF and Objects on the Website. Edited by
Zoran Cekerevac. MEST Journal, pp.117-127.
Susianawati, H., Tjandrarini, A.B. and Wulandari, S.H.E., 2017. Design of Web-Based Sales
Information System at CV Gemilang Indonesia. Jurnal Sistem informasi dan Komputer
Akuntansi. 6(1). pp.29-35.
Wu, L., Wang, D. and Evans, J.A., 2019. Large teams develop and small teams disrupt science
and technology. Nature. 566(7744). pp.378-382.
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