Cross Cultural Management Essay 2022

Running head: MANAGEMENT
Cross Cultural Management
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

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Introduction:
The essay focuses on the concepts of cross cultural difference and ethnic diversity and
analyzes how these concepts are effectively used in the working environment of Multinational
Corporation. The expansion of the corporations along with the increase in the business activities
has moved their focus not only on the geographic region but across the world. This has led to the
emergence of the multinational corporations or the global firms. Emergence of new political
ideologies has enabled the multinational corporation to find a solid footing across the world.
Presence of cross cultural team helps in delivering advanced thinking and varied experience
along with establishing competitive position amongst the organizations. Diversity could create
certain level of interference in completing a project but it is up to manager who needs to be better
equipped for facing the challenges and preventing any kind of misunderstanding. The essay will
provide an insight into the various theories that relates to the cross-cultural management. It will
also provide motivation training for the employees dealing with related issues. Further, the essay
will try to portray how international project management succeeds through mutual respect, cross
cultural communication and culturally aware leadership.
Discussion:
Concept of Culture and Relevance of its Approaches to Organizational Management
According to Thomas and Peterson (2016), culture represents the underlying
assumptions, beliefs, values and the means of interactions which contributes towards
psychological and social environment. Organizational culture basically includes the experiences,
expectations, values and philosophy that guides the behavior of members and is often expressed
in the inner workings, self image and interactions with outside world and the future expectations.
Culture depends on the shared custom, beliefs, attitudes and the unwritten and the written rules

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that developed over time and is considered valid. Culture also takes into account the norms,
values, vision, symbols, systems, assumptions, language, habits and beliefs.
As far as the approaches of culture are concerned, there exist two key approaches for
studying the culture namely, the typological approach and the phenomenological approach. It
was Moore (2016) who developed a measurable and useful typology of culture where the culture
has been distinguished as innovative, bureaucratic and supportive. Other categorizations are
available based on domains of risk taking and feedback to the decentralization and centralization
of power. In addition to conceptualization of culture, there has been categorization based on the
different studies of cultural dimension analyzed from different perspectives which included
technological, socio psychological and socio structural aspects. Career satisfaction and success
determines the function most suitable for the personal orientation of managers within
organizational culture and this culture is often measured in terms of the multidimensional
practices and values embraced by an organizations.
According to Bãlan and Vreja (2013), Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner have found
that every individual has developed means of organizing their experience for delivering
something meaningful which represented the phenomenal approach. Here individuals perceive
the phenomena surrounding them. On the other hand, the phenomenological approach contrasted
the traditional studies based on verifiable and physical characteristics of the organization thereby
putting across a common definition. Therefore, researchers of organizational culture look out for
consistent means by which the cultures influence the perceptions of people’s experience.
According to Awadh and Alyahya (2013), organizational culture has been differently
perceived by most enterprises. There are some businesses which have realized the significance of