Wireless Networks and Communications

This report discusses the concepts and technologies of wireless networks and communications, focusing on wireless LAN and ad-hoc networks. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of these networks and provides recommendations for their implementation.

Running head: WIRELESS NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Wireless Networks and communications
Name of the Student
Name of the University

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WIRELESS NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Table of Contents
Introduction to topic........................................................................................................................3
Introduction to technologies............................................................................................................3
Methodologies.................................................................................................................................4
Comparison of the results................................................................................................................4
Advantages and disadvantages........................................................................................................5
Recommendations............................................................................................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................6
References........................................................................................................................................8

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Introduction to topic
Wireless communication has been an important application of science and technology
that has become to be vital for modern existence. Wireless communication has been replacing
wire form of communication in the market. Wireless communication include Wi-Fi, wireless
LAN and Bluetooth. Ad-hoc networks have been collection of nodes that ate self-organizing and
administrating. Ad-hoc wireless networks have been inherently self-forming and self-arranging.
This report has discussed any two research papers based on wireless LAN and adhoc networks.
Introduction to technologies
The first paper selected for the report has been Ali and Mohan, (2015). A Survey on
IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Technologies. The second paper is Kopekar and Kumar, (2015). A
study of ad-hoc wireless networks: various issues in architectures and protocols. The first paper
has been discussing about various concepts of wireless communication and its types. The first
paper have reflected the concept of wireless LAN. The deployment of wireless LAN has been
helping in maintaining a keen approach I the development I the communication network. This
paper provides a detailed study of wireless LAN technologies and concerned issues. This paper
has provided brief description of wireless LAN and its need including history of the technology.
There are various risks and security issues discussed in the paper related to the wireless LAN.
The second paper has focused on study of ad-hoc network and its related issues in
different architecture. This paper has helped in reflecting about risks and issues in the wireless
ad-hoc network. Ad-hoc network have been self-forming and self-arranging technology (Gong,
Hart and Mao 2015). The nodes included in the ad-hoc network have been helping moving freely
in the network. The principle behind ad-hoc network is multi-hop relaying. The use of ad-hoc

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voice communication has been utilized in many old societies with the help of a string repeaters
of drums, horns and trumpets.
Methodologies
Both the papers have used qualitative approach of methodology. Qualitative approach has
helped in collecting data and information from secondary sources including online journals and
articles. The WLAN has found no success in selling to enterprise and campus environments as
wired LAN replacements. Organizations and people have interconnected PCs with neighborhood
(LANs).The LAN client has at their transfer considerably more data, information and
applications than they could some way or another store independent from anyone else. In the past
all nearby zone systems were wired together and in a fixed area (Tramarin, Vitturi and Luvisotto
2016). Remote innovation has streamlined systems administration by empowering various PC
clients at the same time share assets in a home or business without extra or meddlesome wiring.
Comparison of the results
The expanded requests for portability and adaptability in our every day life are requests
that lead the advancement. The open door was the sharing of a broadband Internet association
inside the home among various organized gadgets, for example, PCs at first, yet unavoidably
likewise voice over Web convention (VoIP) telephones, gaming supports, media streamers and
home computerization machines. Buyers, not venture IT supervisors, turned into the ones to pick
what WLAN innovation and items would accomplish the true standard for the decade to pursue
(Sakaguchi et al. 2015). Remote LANs can utilize either radio frequencies or infrared light to
transmit signals. While it is significantly less expensive to introduce infrared systems, the same
number of gadgets as of now have infrared (IrDA) ports (Hiraguri and Nishimori 2015).

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Compact terminals ought to approach the majority of the administrations that are accessible on
rapid wired systems. Not at all like their wired partners, are compact gadgets liable to extreme
restrictions on power utilization, size and weight. The longing for cheap, fast connections
fulfilling these necessities has inspired late enthusiasm for infrared remote correspondence
(Jamal et al. 2018). Remote infrared correspondences alludes to the utilization of freespace
spread of light waves in the close infrared band as a transmission mode for correspondence. The
Infrared Data Association (IrDA) is another exchange affiliation, which characterized guidelines
for infrared correspondence for a long time.
Advantages and disadvantages
It has a few preferences; quite that it is modest and there are numerous gadgets which as
of now incorporate infrared including most workstations and PDAs as well as certain printers.
Prior to the coming of radio recurrence LANs individuals were building infrared LANs, with a
few victory. (irda.org, 2011) The wavelength band between around 780 and 950 nm is directly
the best decision for most utilization of infrared remote connections, because of the accessibility
of minimal effort LED's and laser diodes (LD's), and on the grounds that it concurs with the
pinnacle responsively of cheap, low-capacitance silicon photodiodes (Yano et al. 2017). The
utilization of licensefree range, be that as it may, builds the danger of system security also, in-
band impedance. The key focal points of remote organizes instead of wired systems are
versatility, adaptability, simplicity of establishment and support, and decreased cost. As
indicated by (Sudiana 2016) remote LANs are less costly and less meddlesome to actualize and
keep up, as client needs change. Basic execution and upkeep, broadened reach, expanded
specialist portability and decrease absolute expense of possession furthermore, task.

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Recommendations
It give a helpful supplement to radio-based frameworks, especially for frameworks
requiring ease, light weight, moderate information rates, and just requiring short ranges.
Notwithstanding, this radiation cause issue identifies with eye security; it can go through the
human cornea and centered by the focal point onto the retina, where it can conceivably instigate
warm harm (Tramarin et al. 2015). To accomplish eye security with a LD client can utilize a
meager plate of translucent plastic. Such diffusers can accomplish efficiencies of about 70%,
offering the originator little opportunity to tailor the source radiation design. PC produced multi-
dimensional images. The specially appointed systems, be that as it may, are considerably
progressively presented to assaults than the foundation partner. Both dynamic and inactive
assaults are conceivable. In dynamic assault aggressor attempts to interfere with tasks (control
and information parcels; reintroduces counterfeit control bundles; harms the directing tables past
fix; releases refusal of administration assaults, and so on.). Inactive assaults are novel in
impromptu system and can be more perilous than the dynamic assault. The dynamic aggressor is
in the end found also, physically handicapped. The uninvolved assailant is never found by the
system. It screens information and control traffic examples and along these lines derives the
ordinary task. Safeguard from latent assaults require ground-breaking novel encryption
procedures combined with cautious system convention structures. Remote LANs intended to
work in permit free groups making their task and support costs not exactly contemporary cell and
PCS systems.
Conclusion
The eventual fate of remote neighborhood is presently, and it is the answer for
correspondence issues in associations or wherever that need a wide spread of web association,

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interoperability progressed toward becoming reality with the presentation of the norms and
conventions and costs have drastically diminished. These upgrades are only a start. Associations
who use WLANs systems can take out numerous of remote LAN's security dangers with
cautious instruction, arranging, execution, and the executives. WLAN brings out preferences, yet
in addition a few Explicit security issues, in spite of the fact that improvement of remote
guidelines and security conventions may upgrade the WLAN security.

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References
Ali, S. and Mohan, K., 2015. A Survey on IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN
Technologies. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication
Engineering.
Gong, M.X., Hart, B. and Mao, S., 2015. Advanced wireless LAN technologies: IEEE 802.11 ac
and beyond. GetMobile: mobile computing and communications, 18(4), pp.48-52.
Hiraguri, T. and Nishimori, K., 2015. Survey of transmission methods and efficiency using
MIMO technologies for wireless LAN systems. IEICE Transactions on Communications, 98(7),
pp.1250-1267.
Jamal, T., Amaral, P., Khan, A., Zameer, A., Ullah, K. and Butt, S.A., 2018. Denial of Service
Attack in Wireless LAN. ICDS 2018, p.51.
Kopekar, S. and Kumar, A., 2015. A study of ad-hoc wireless networks: various issues in
architectures and protocols. International Journal of Computer Applications, 122(6).
Sakaguchi, K., Mohamed, E.M., Kusano, H., Mizukami, M., Miyamoto, S., Rezagah, R.E.,
Takinami, K., Takahashi, K., Shirakata, N., Peng, H. and Yamamoto, T., 2015. Millimeter-wave
wireless LAN and its extension toward 5G heterogeneous networks. IEICE Transactions on
Communications, 98(10), pp.1932-1948.
Sudiana, I.N., 2016. Development of Telemetry System for Light Intensity Measurement by
Using a Wireless LAN. Jurnal Aplikasi Fisika, 10(1).

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Tramarin, F., Vitturi, S. and Luvisotto, M., 2016. A dynamic rate selection algorithm for IEEE
802.11 industrial wireless LAN. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 13(2), pp.846-
855.
Tramarin, F., Vitturi, S., Luvisotto, M. and Zanella, A., 2015, May. The IEEE 802.11 n wireless
LAN for real-time industrial communication. In 2015 IEEE World Conference on Factory
Communication Systems (WFCS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Yano, K., Egashira, N., Tsukamoto, S., Webber, J. and Kumagai, T., 2017, March. Channel
access balancing for multiband wireless LAN by using alternative primary channel. In 2017
IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.