Evaluating the Coping with Post Covid-19 Scenario: Work from Home as a New Norm?

This research evaluates the impact of work from home policy as a new norm on the overall performance of Tesco after Covid-19 pandemic within the UK retail sector. It also determines the challenges faced by Tesco by providing work from home policy to their staff and identifies the strategies that help Tesco to deal with the challenges associated through work from home policy.

Evaluating the coping with post Covid-
19 scenarios: Could work from home be
a new norm?

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................4
1.1. Chapter overview.................................................................................................................4
1.2 Overview of research.............................................................................................................4
1.3 Background of Tesco..............................................................................................................5
1.4 Problem statement and rationale of research.......................................................................5
1.5 Aims, Research Objectives and Questions.............................................................................7
1.6 Research methodology..........................................................................................................7
1.7 Scope and limitation..............................................................................................................7
1.8 Significance of the study........................................................................................................8
1.9 Summary................................................................................................................................8
1.10 Work structure....................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................................10
2.1 Chapter overview................................................................................................................10
2.2 Maslow theory.....................................................................................................................10
2.3 The concept of WFH policy within the UK retail sector.......................................................11
2.4 To analyse the impact of work from home policy as a new norm on the overall performance of
Tesco after Covid-19 pandemic.................................................................................................13
2.5 To determine the challenges faced by Tesco by providing work from home policy to their staff
...................................................................................................................................................15
2.6 To identify the strategies that help Tesco to deal with the challenges associated through work
from home policy......................................................................................................................17
2.7 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..............................................................................................20
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING.........................................................................................23
Frequency distribution table.....................................................................................................23
Data interpretation....................................................................................................................25
References...........................................................................................................................................35
APPENDIX............................................................................................................................................38
Questionnaire............................................................................................................................38

CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION
1.1. Chapter overview
Covid-19 brings major challenges and changes in the entire world. It also brings changes
in the corporate world as well, resulting in changes in the regular work process. In order to
cope up with the changes, many organisations introduced work from home strategy to avoid
physical contact and infection of Covid-19. Thus, the current research topic will be based on
the evaluation of coping with post Covid-19 scenario and work from home can be a new
norm or not.
1.2 Overview of research
Due to the COVID pandemic many organisations were forced to adopt the work from
home policy to avoid a complete still stand. The UK Government provided some support for
several businesses. Due to the pandemic politics organisations developed work from home
policies in order to avoid the risk of infection against the disease. It provided a way to
relocate all the jobs that need physical appearance in offices (Raj and Agrawal, 2019). It is
allowed for the maximum period of one year in special economic Zone unit, that can be
extended to 50 percent of total employees. The employees are able to manage their life,
career and personal lives for instance, employees who would have had to commute can now
utilise that time for themselves. Additionally, employees are able to incorporate domestic
tasks into their schedules, providing them extra time in the evenings for leisure activities like
household chores and many others. The internet has made it feasible for personnel to be
continuously updated, which is made easier by technology. This policy helps the employees
to take care of themselves and getting of work done which provides the flexibility to set their
routine. The work from home policy also enables employees to take care of their sick kids
without taking a full day leave from the office. There will be increase in overall value of
organisation employees as a result of such measures, since they will be given greater new
prospects for growth (Azizah Sanrang, and et.al., 2022). Furthermore, productivity may be
increased, and clients will be delighted with the services. Employees can work according to
their schedules, such as full-time or on specific days. It is researched that there are five
essential components of an effective work from home policy which involves eligibility,
schedule requirements, productivity measurements, managing communication and security.
The research helps in understanding the concept of work from home policy within UK retail
sector with its impact on the performance. The research will also cover the challenges that is
face by Tesco and strategies are identified as to deal with challenges which helps Tesco in
improving the performance & productivity. Moreover, it can be said that the overall

workplace got affected due to pandemic globally as the businesses has led to adopt alternate
work arrangements in order to support the business and the employees. Sometimes
employees also feel alone and isolated when they work from home and it can also be noticed
that working from home employees could feel the sense of isolation from their co-workers. In
relation to this issue and to solve this issue, employers must make sure that communication
occurs more frequently among all. Consequently, scheduling quick phone catch-ups or
regular team meetings with the help of other technologies that is Skype allows the employees
to have more chances in order to feel connected, engaged and a part of the team. Having
more informal and sociable gatherings could also help ease any loneliness sensations among
the employees. But the company has to bear the additional cost and various expenses related
to providing the necessary tools for instance laptops, smartphones, and other IT hardware,
and providing proper training. The company had to consider making adjustments in order to
meet health and safety regulations. That can impact their mental health too as the choice to
work from home may be harmful to the employee's mental health. As if they are unable to
create a proper schedule that works for them. Then they find it difficult to distinguish
between the work life and personal time. In order to help the employees, proper diet and
regular exercise can also help with mental health and their health.
1.3 Background of Tesco
In the current research, the topic is investigated on WFH in context to Tesco which is a
British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer. Jack Cohen was the founder
of the respective retail organization. It has market share of around 28.4%. The company has
grown over time and become one of the biggest supermarket chains in the UK. Tesco
operates different store formats and online with a workforce of more than 300,000 people. In
this organization, all employees get the opportunity to get their official work done from the
home due to increase of Covid-19. In this way it provided the safety to several employees
which helps organisation of Tesco in attaining the desired goals and tasks in systematic
manner (Ebrahimi, Kouchaki, and Patrick, 2020).
1.4 Problem statement and rationale of research
Most of the organizations in UK changing their working system from working from
offices to the working from home (WFH) in order to safeguard people from infection.
Employees are provided with training programs so that they can perform their jobs even from
remote places. It is become a new norm to give work from home facilities to the employees in
order to meet the needs of employees along with organization as well. Companies such as

Tesco try to develop an environment of home office where employees can deal with their
coo-workers, clients, managers and so on in a professional way. It will be continuing and
employees can do their work even from offices or home as per their needs. Similarly, to other
organizations, Tesco also faces the problems in regulating new work from home policy such
as they need to provide training to employees to use technology in order to communicate
information and so on. Many employees are used to work in a traditional way that is working
from offices under their supervisors as they used to it. It is also challenging to the company
that employees are not ready to accept the new functioning of business that is new norm of
WFH. It is being a new challenge for the companies and employees as companies are dealing
with the new Pandemic (Gokul Santhanam, 2020). In the work from policy the employees are
facing challenges of time management, distraction challenge, supervision, communication
challenge etc. The reason of conducting this research to have in-depth knowledge of the
policy related to work from home through the support the importance of work from home
policy at can be known at the time of Covid-19. The research helps in outlining the problems
that the chosen organisation had when implementing the work-from-home policy.
Furthermore, the current inquiry is of considerable importance because it will fulfil two
perspectives, personal and professional. In regard to the personal purpose, distinct research
skills will be acquired, as opposed to the professional objective. These abilities will help to
carry out the future study in a methodical manner, and so the current study will be significant
in achieving the dual perspective (Kashive, Sharma, and Khanna, 2021). Whereas the main
issue is that some people do not prefer working from home as some employees might value
the structure and routine that come with working in an office. So, they prefer that fixed
routine and found it more productive and the workers prefer face-to-face interactions with
their co-workers. Along with it, they may also find that getting clear instructions from their
manager is particularly beneficial for completing tasks and achieving objectives. Aa it will
clear the level of understanding in relation to tasks and it will elevate the level of productivity
in the company. As well, it is must to take care of the new employees as if they work from
home, they will not be able to receive the support they need to do their job. In addition,
working from home may not be ideal for everyone's family situation and routine. Those who
have young children, for instance, may find that they interfere with their day at work because
they are oblivious to their boundaries (Park,Fritz and Jex, 2018).

1.5 Aims, Research Objectives and Questions
The study aims to analyse the impact of WFH policy on the overall performance of a
business after Covid-19 pandemic within the UK retail sector. “A study on Tesco”
Objectives
 To critically analyse the concept of work from home policy within the UK retail
sector
 To analyses the impact of work from home policy as a new norm on the overall
performance of Tesco after Covid-19 pandemic
 To determine the challenges faced by Tesco by providing work from home policy to
their staff
 To identify the strategies that help Tesco to deal with the challenges associated
through work from home policy
Research Questions
 What is the concept of work from home policy within the UK retail sector?
 What is the impact of work from home policy as a new norm on the overall
performance of Tesco after Covid-19 pandemic?
 What are the challenges faced by Tesco by providing work from home policy to their
staff?
 What are the strategies that help Tesco to deal with the challenges associated through
work from home policy?
1.6 Research methodology
The research methodology is used by the researcher for collecting, analysing and
managing of the information in appropriate manner. In the area of research, the research helps
in selecting data to researcher. The research methodology comprises of several components
such as research philosophy, strategy, choice, data collection & analysis and many more. In
the present research the quantitative analysis is been used by researcher which helps in
attaining goals & objectives of research topic.
1.7 Scope and limitation
The following research effectively demonstrate the concept of WFH policy
implemented in the organization. It shows both positive and negative influences on the entire
business performance. It also covers challenges that could rise in response to Covid-19. The
reader will gain an acknowledgement about the strategies that could help in coping up with
the situation. While, the limitation is that research work is time consuming process as it needs

investigator to search the sources to gain information or data from different articles, books or
journals.
1.8 Significance of the study
An effective WFH policy is important for all businesses, including Tesco. The findings
and recommendations are valuable mainly for Tesco but also for other retailers. The current
research work will provide an understanding regarding the concept of WFH policy as a new
norm in the organisation. It will benefit the reader to learn how working process in companies
have been changing and what impact it delivers to the employees and employers.
1.9 Summary
Having a proper WFH policy in place helps companies like Tesco in maintaining the
organisation efficiency. This chapter provided an overview of the research by introducing the
subject, the research problem, and stating the research objectives and questions developed to
address the problem.
1.10 Work structure
Whilst chapter 1 laid the basis for research as a whole, the remaining chapters are as
following:
Chapter1: Introduction- It provides a basic understanding about the research topic,
organization or industry, significant, purpose and issues of topic and so on. Introduction is the
main chapter of the current study and it displays the overall study's purpose as well as its
goals, objectives, and research questions. This is the research chapter that is most crucial
since it informs the researcher of the tasks that need to be completed during the inquiry. It
plays a significant role in the efficient execution of an inquiry.
Chapter2: Literature review- It analyses different authors view and findings related
to WFH. The literature review phase of the inquiry discusses secondary data related to the
investigation's chosen topic. In order to learn specifics about the study, the researcher uses a
range of historical data in this phase. For the researcher, the literature review is one of the
most important chapters because it helps them comprehend the topic more fully. This
section's content was gathered using data from a range of sources, including books, journals,
articles, websites, government sites, and more. This helps the researcher identify areas where
past studies and the current work have research gaps.
Chapter3: Research methodology- It explains the research philosophy, approach,
and methods employed to accomplish the research aims. The methods for acquiring and

analysing information utilised in research are covered in the third chapter. The researcher will
make use of the Saunders research onion framework, which offers layers for data collection
and analysis. The methodology section assists the researcher in deciding on the best data type
to use in order to meet the goals and objectives of the study. In order to achieve high-quality
results, this section also provides guidance on how to choose the best sources for data
collecting. To answer a study issue, gathered and reviewed data are also utilised.
Chapter4: Critical data analysis- It presents the findings and discusses the results.
The results and analysis of the material are covered in the fourth chapter. It methodically
provides the discussion based on main and secondary sources of information. In order to
gather relevant data for the study, the researcher looked over and analyzed the raw data in
this part. Analyzing the data is essential in order to get proper conclusions about the topic.
Chapter5: Conclusion, Recommendation and action plan- It offers the conclusion,
provides recommendation towards Tesco, and suggestions for further research. The final
chapter includes a comprehensive summary of every previous chapter. Additionally, it offers
advice on how the particular organization might strengthen its areas of weakness.

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Chapter overview
The second crucial chapter is the literature review and it is the chapter that employs
supplementary information in order to respond to the inquiry. Publications including books,
articles, journals, newspapers, etc. are among the publications used as secondary sources in
this study. This chapter critically evaluates the historical data that has been gathered by
numerous academics on the same topic. The investigator gains greater subject knowledge
with the aid of this chapter, enabling them to undertake subsequent research with confidence.
The research gap is also adequately covered in this section. This section outlines the policy
idea for working from home in the UK retail industry and to evaluate the effect of Tesco's
overall performance after the Covid-19 epidemic on the work-from-home policy as a new
standard. Along with it, various difficulties of the chosen company while implementing a
work-from-home policy for its employees, as well as the solutions that Tesco has found to
address these difficulties will also be projected in this section.
2.2 Maslow theory
Maslow's theory is known to help the lower-level employees in order to feel secure in
their roles and later develop their managerial abilities. That is why the higher-level
employees become better supervisors as a result, and it also motivates them to improve
themselves so that they can contribute better in the company. As it can be said that many
companies are to face various issues which are linked with employee’s engagement level.
The theory also suggests that it is must to put the most fundamental needs first of the
employees. It is mainly linked with motivation which comprises of five main categories
related to the human needs and their behavior. Furthermore, tthese needs include those for
physiology, safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. It is projected in the form of
pyramid as the basic needs are at bottom and intangible things at the top. Moreover, a person
will be able to fulfil the higher needs only when the basic needs are fulfilled. It can be seen
that there are various needs which are involved in it that is physiological, security, esteem
and self-actualization needs. This theory is mainly provides a summary of the human needs
which are utilized in relation to the product’s design and pricing. Additionally, it also aids the
advertisers in concentrating their advertising appeals on certain demands that a sizable
portion of their target demographic shares.

2.3 The concept of WFH policy within the UK retail sector
According to Gould and Shierholz (2020), the concept of work from home brought so
many benefits for both the company and its employees. In the current times, the concept is
becoming important as it supports in order to keep the level of productivity. As well, the
employees are now able to include domestic tasks into their daily schedules which allows
them to provide extra time mainly for the leisure activities and household chores. In that
process the internet has made it more achievable for the personnel in order to be continuously
updated. It allows to assist the employees in the process of taking care of themselves and
getting work done. Due to which proper flexibility can be brought to set the routine. The
work from home policy also allows the workforce to take care of their kids without taking a
leave from the office. The work from home policy is one of the best tools in relation to assist
the employees stay at home and also work (Thamrin and et.al.,2022). Covid-19 is the main
reason which has forced the companies globally in order to work virtually. It tends to bring a
kind of balance in the work life balance as the employees have the control over the work
schedule and their personal lives. Companies also prefer this culture as it tends to save the
costs, lessen commutes, and provide a better work-life balance. The companies were adopting
the culture of flexible working model at the workplace so that better performance can be
made and the desired goals can be attained. It can also be seen that employees feel motivated
when they are able to live a proper good work life balance which directly leads to elevate the
level of productivity. The policy of allowing employees to work from home causes them
problems with various issues such as related to time management, distraction, monitoring,
and communication. By highlighting the importance of such rules in the year Covid-19, this
study aimed to acquire a full grasp of the work-from-home policies that were in existence.
The study helps to highlight the problems the chosen company ran across when putting its
work-from-home policy into action. There are various benefits for using work from home
policy which are presented below-
 The chosen company was able to contribute better as the work was performed with a
good pace and more peacefully. The chosen company targets on managing the time
properly so that all the tasks are performed on the priority basis and systematic
manner.
 The company was able to retain the workforce with this policy as the employees
prefer working from home. As it provides them the freedom of working as per their
schedule and time.

 The company has targeted on developing a digital work culture as it is one of the
essential parts at the workplace. The main focus was given on improving the
employee experience at the company because new work culture and abrupt shift may
lead to anxiety with stress.
 Along with it, the level of communication has also improved as the employees are
clear in relation to the work and tasks. The employees were able to save money in
relation to various expense such as car maintenance, transportation, parking fees,
professional wardrobe, lunches, gas and many more.
 The employees were able to live a healthier and happier life as they are now able to
contribute more time to their hobbies and various interests. They are now able to take
breaks whenever they want and have lunch as per their mood.
 The employees are now able to spend their valuable time with their loved ones as
they work from home. Due to which they feel satisfied with the job as the employees
are now happier in their jobs (McCloskey, 2018).
 The process of communication and collaboration is encouraged by maintaining
constant communication to monitor the progress of the team, each employee and their
well-being. It is also essential to make use of digital work platform that will
provide proper communication and contextual collaboration to do so.
It can also be said that most of the companies in UK are changing their working system for
instance providing working from home (WFH). With the main of safeguarding the people
from infection and nay issues. That is why the chosen company is focusing on providing
proper training programs to the workforce so that they can perform their jobs even from
remote places (Ramasamy, 2018). Along with it, it has become a new norm to give work
from home facilities to the employees with the goal of meeting the needs of employees along
with organization as well. The respective company also tries to further develop an
environment of home office in which the employees will be able to deal with their co-
workers, customers, management in a systematic and professional way. Further, the
employees can do their work even from offices or home as per their requirements. Likewise,
other companies Tesco also faces the various problems in relation to regulate the new work
from home policy such as they need to provide proper training to employees in order to make
use of technology to communicate information in the company.

Figure 1:Work From Home - WFH - Meaning, Importance, Steps & Example
2.4 To analyse the impact of work from home policy as a new norm on the overall
performance of Tesco after Covid-19 pandemic
As stated by Sutarto, Wardaningsih and Putri, (2021), work from policy has a major impact
on the overall level of performance in the company. Pandemic has brought main issues and
challenges globally as it tends to bring some drastic changes in the overall industries and the
corporate world (Cappelli, 2021). All such things lead to result in changes in the regular work
process. In order to deal with the major changes, most of the companies have introduced
work from home strategy in order to reduce the physical contact and spread of Covid-19.
Along with it, there are various practises which are involved in the work from home policy
which are explained below-
 It is must to have a proper technology that is computer, phone conferencing, proper
access to the internal tools so that work can be performed in a better manner. It is also
vital to have a secure connection so that data will be kept safe in the company.
 It is also essential to implement the communication program so that workers will be
connected via email, phone, video conferencing and many others. The chosen
company makes use of, Skype, Slack and other messaging services in order to stay
connected (Kashive, Sharma and Khanna, 2021).

There are various risks which take place while working from home such as cybersecurity
risks when the employees do not make use of a secured Wi-Fi or VPN. That is why the
employees must be aware about the security of the electronic devices. The employees can
also adopt healthier habits for instance working out or cooking at home. Whereas while
working from home can also bring various issues such as strain in the neck, shoulders and
back (Sewwandi and Sandika, 2021). Due to which the employees are required to invest in
their workspace so that better productivity can be contributed. They are also required to list a
proper schedule in relation to maintain a proper balance between personal life and work life.
The employees can also add some yoga exercise with the aim of improving the body posture.
Along with it, the employers can also hire employees globally and the culture diversity can be
made at the workplace. There are some adverse impacts to of the work from home policy
which are listed below-
 The employees will not be able to interact with the coworkers as they are meeting
only through chat or virtual meetings. The employees are also seen to struggle in
formulating a time schedule and level of self-discipline. As there are various
distractions which are available at home which has the power to impact the important
work and things (Bowlby and Jupp, 2021).
 It can also be seen that working from home doesn’t suit all the employees as all of
them have different abilities and personality. Some people like to interact with the
colleagues while some have reserved nature. That is why it may lead to negative
impact while doing their job and also on their mental health.
 In recent years, it has become progressively popular in the younger generation who
prefer to have the freedom of freelance work over the stability of corporate jobs. But
working from home leads to bring the social isolation as the employees will have no
face-to-face interaction. It will bring the feeling of losing sense of belonging in the team
and feeling alienated from the society.
 When the employees work from home the routine can be affected as the routine has
changed to unscheduled one. That is why it is essential to list the things so that it can be
planned in order to attain the best routine to follow.
 As setting up the office at home can be an expensive option because it requires proper
space and resources. Moreover, the office material can be costly and the main issue
which takes place is related to telecommunication difficulties. It is must to communicate

with the team members and the management about projects and assignments (Mani,
Tomar and Bhatia, 2020).
Due to pandemic, the pattern of work has changed due to which most of the people are
choosing work from home. This system has it own advantages and disadvantages on both the
company and its employees. As it also brings so many issues for the management of the
company as they need to add innovation in the management and the planning process.
Humans are thought to be social beings therefore WFH modifies how employees interact
with one another at work. Even while some people may like their alone time, it's usually not a
good idea to cultivate such routines over an extended period of time. Social isolation among
employees can worsen the breakdown of interpersonal connections in addition to threatening
mental health. Furthermore, it might make those areas where performance is already lacking
worse, leading to unwarranted criticism within the organisation. Along with it, the work from
home policy seems to the most effective methods which enables the employees to work from
home. Covid-19 is the main factor which has forced the companies all over the world in order
to conduct business electronically. The employees' have the control over their work schedules
and personal lives which tends to balance out the work-life balance to some extent. The fact
that this culture often results in reduced costs, shorter commutes, and a better work-life
balance is another reason why businesses favour it. The organisations created a culture of
flexible working at the workplace in order to enhance performance and meet the necessary
goals.
2.5 To determine the challenges faced by Tesco by providing work from home policy to their
staff
From the viewpoint of Wright (2022) before the pandemic, doing work from remote
policy or home was an unidentifiable perk for the employees. But, with an exposure of
coronavirus in 2022, social distancing becomes an important part of the battle against Covid-

19. WFH policy has become standard practice for all the organizations in all sectors. While
implementing WFH policy, Tesco has faced several challenges such as communication gaps,
unsanctioned IT, security and many more. Challenge of communication between individuals
and teams can be a challenge at the best of times, but WFH has exaggerate the issues with
communication by throwing in to the mix of remote places, working schedules along with
time zones. It has been researched that 20% of the employees who are doing their work from
remote places are facing the challenge in making effective communication and collaboration
(Kearney and Pardue, 2020). Due to such reasons, communication along with collaboration
tools such as Microsoft teams have found a rise in readying since lockdown was initiated.
While such tools give all the facilities required for teams to collaborate and communicate
effectively from anywhere, exploiters necessitate to understand what the remedy can do or
how it can be utilized. It signifies that spending time in demos or online training and making
lucid restrictions of the platform. Security is also a big challenge of working from home
policy. In UK retail industry, many of the organizations has been said that they feel more
vulnerable to threats of security due to the progressive use of personal devices for work at the
times of lockdown. Built-in security measures need a while to protecting devices along with
network, but workforce require to be trained to practice security as well as policies also need
to be enforced. Managing the work life balance, WFH signifies no more commuting, which
most of the people think as a big benefit to their life. On the other hand, workers are
struggling to switch off, figuratively and literally at the end of their day. With employees
working perhaps in various time zones or schedules, calls and emails can go on way bygone
the end of working day of an individual. And working from home also means that individuals
are less promising to take holidays or sick leaves as any missed work can be created on their
personal time. All such things signify the burn out among employees who are working more
from their remote places. Doing all day working can also lead to severe diseases such as
obesity, high blood pressure, stress, anxiety and many more. If the employee is not able to
take time for their physical activity and work all day at one place only may lead to such
severe diseases (Wright, 2022).
However, Chow (2022) perceives that implementing WFH policy could lead
employee isolation. Human beings are regarded as social animals and WFH removes them
from old way to interact with their co-workers. Whereas, few people may appreciate the
isolation, making up such habits is not typically healthy over an extended time period. Apart
from the threat to mental health, employee isolation can also increase breakdown in social
connectedness. It may also increase low performance in certain areas resulting biased blame

on each other in the company (Steidtmann, McBride and Mishkind, 2021). Resolving
technical challenges, it is seen that some of the organizations have technical staff capability
in order to help remote employees, which something that every organization cannot afford. In
such cases, employees and workers may face essential technical incapability to overcome.
This incapability is not essentially complex as hardware faults but mishandling tools can lead
a major struggle to working. WFH mandating the speedy adoption of technology and tools,
which increases challenges to the company (Chow, 2022). Remote hiring is another big
challenge that has been faced by the organization. In almost all cases, superiors and high-
level management attempts to meet potential hires in individual before they hire into to the
company. Whatsoever, remote working makes it more challenging. A visual attempt in the
hiring process is crucial and important aspect. A HR cannot hire an individual only through
CV or voice call in order to understand the efficient of the interviewee. Al the same time,
non-accomplishment to fill critical roles quickly can lead to general abjection in performance
even within group.
Furthermore, Hope (2020) views that working from home makes employees more
sedentary. Concerns about inactive life-styles are general challenge in accordance to office
surroundings, but they refer to work from home too. When dealing with employees who are
working home, it becomes more challenging to enforce lunch hours and breaks along with the
transpose to and from the organization is also separated which could lead to diminished
routine exercises or any physical activity (Hope, 2020). Problem linked to understanding
work, when workers and employees are working in the similar organization, making sure that
each person acknowledges the work and duties that have been assigned is comparatively
simple as well as colleagues and management staff are hardly available to help everyone who
is struggling. When employees doing their work from home or remote basis, then it becomes
difficult to understand those who are having problems and issues. Furthermore, reluctance
from some staff to work on remote basis is another challenge that has been faced by the
organization. It may cover all kinds of reasons such as distractions at home in order to being a
long-term habit of going into the organization (Stack, 2019). Neglecting such problem may
cause unhappiness as well as lead to people seeking for job somewhere else.
2.6 To identify the strategies that help Tesco to deal with the challenges associated through
work from home policy
From the viewpoint of Vartolomei (2020) remote staff members are more productive,
healthier and they also enjoy a better work life balance in comparison with office

counterparts. It has been found that with the help of effective strategies to work from home,
organizations such as Tesco may implement WFH policy while overcoming challenges
related to it. For better communication, email conversations should be avoided and more
focus on collaboration tool to form work from team communication. The organization need a
tool that is flexible, instant along with responsive. Furthermore, the communication tool
should already have features of project management so that employees can easily
communicate and collaborate and ask doubts without having to elaborate context repeatedly.
Moreover, it can also be effective to ask employees to come into the organization in a while
in order to develop better and healthy relation with office counterparts along with better
acknowledgment of organizational culture. The organization can also organise virtual team
activities and games to make more opportunities for casual interactions (Vartolomei, 2020).
Exploit organizational wide communication channels to share details about the business
values and mission, identify workforce for their hard work along with give regular business
updates.
Patterson (2021) perceives that as there is an increase in the focus towards digital
tools and technologies, even smaller firms can sick afford to avoid technical assistance. For
companies that cannot justify their full-time technical employees, they may consider
outsourcing some of these technologies to suppliers. In addition, to support remote hiring in
the organization, the company may use or focus on video call to enhance the procedure of
hiring people into the company. Tesco could also prepare themselves for the remote interview
and their bearing along with attitude. Virtual implementation of WFH policy should replace
the suitable guidelines. It should be kept in mind that happy and satisfy employee is the key
to an organizational success. WFH makes things complicated for everyone along with
emotional assistance helps in making work better as well. Furthermore, the organization
should focus on the scheduled lunch breaks or rest breaks even during work from home. If
the organization find employees who are failing to do their work, communicate with them to
deal with issues, it may also be valuable planning a virtual team meeting to share the value of
sedentary lifestyles and sit stand desks could also support. Along with team meetings,
employers may make time to have one on one meetings on regular basis with single
employees. The managers or seniors should motivate employees to ask if they raise a concern
and take care to neglect making them feel such as pain (Patterson, 2021). It can be useful to
motivate employees to communicate their colleagues for remote support and assistance. Also,
the organization may offer their employers with a choice to work from office if they prefer it

or may give a level of flexibility in order to alter or break down their work arrangements on
occasion. This may support to give incentives for WFH, for example flexible start times. It
can also be seen that with the help of work from home policy, improved staff health and
wellbeing is promoted. As employees work from home then they no longer have to commute,
which can be stressful for them. These kinds of time savings also allow the employees to
improve their health more by getting more sleep, spending more time with their families,
exercising, cooking healthier foods and many others. For instance, savings on office space,
office supplies, various costs, and other expenses are the main financial advantages. In
addition to this, employees may also be eligible for tax benefits offered by HM Revenue &
Customs for working from home.
2.7 Conclusion
From the above information it can be understood that working from home policy has
been very advantageous for both the company and its employees. Due to its role in preserving
current output levels, the concept is becoming increasingly important nowadays. Due to
which the employees may now incorporate home tasks into their daily calendars, giving them
more time to devote to leisure activities and housework. It makes it possible to assist staff
employees in taking care of themselves and performing their tasks. As a result, the routine
can be set with the right amount of flexibility. Working from home provides more flexibility
to the employees as they are no longer tied to the office and the employees will be able to
work as per their routine. When employees work from home then the employees will be
retained more in the company.

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is one of the important chapter in the investigation as it helps in
attaining the aim and objective in valuable manner. Methodology is the systematic process
that helps in identifying, analysing and interpreting data for the study in relevant manner. In
the present investigation this section assists the researcher to obtain some useful insight about
the topic. it is divided into various parts that are discussed below:
Research philosophy: Using the research phenomenon investigator gathers and analyse
data that helps them to understand the social world in accurate manner. Positivism,
interpretivism and realism are the three types of research philosophy. In the present research,
investigator has chosen positivism research philosophy (Basias, and Pollalis, 2018). This is
because with the help of this objective data would be gather that helps in recognising the
social world in effective way. the trend and pattern related to the topic is also knowing by the
use of positivism philosophy.
Research approach: It is that layer in the research methodology that assist in solving
the research problem identified for the present research topic. With the use of hypothesis and
theories, research problem is being addressed in effective way. There are two types of
approaches that are deductive and inductive (Budianto, 2020). As per the subject deductive
approach is used. This is because with the use of quantitative data effective solution for the
problem is being acquired. As well as relationship between work from home policy and
employee performance is also identified.
Research strategy: Research strategy is a step by step plan that provide direction to the
thoughts and idea of the investigator. Systematic literature review, case study, experimental
research, survey and many others are some kinds of research strategies for extracting data for
the investigation (Djafar, and et.al 2021). As per the investigation, investigator has chosen
survey research strategy to gather data for the study. One of the biggest reason to select this is
it gather numerical data in less time and cost. Another aim to choose this is wider data from
large population size is also obtained using the survey research strategy.
Research choice: In any investigation, it is very vital to choose the right research
method for conducting the investigation. With the use of research choice right method is
select to find appropriate data for the study. quantitative, qualitative and mixed are types of
research method. In the current investigation, investigator has selected quantitative research
method. the reason to choose this is numerical data is accumulated that helps in getting the

valid result for the study. Apart from that gathering and analysing numerical data is quite
easier for the chosen research topic (Mertler, 2019).
Time horizon: For any investigation there is some time period which is determined that
helps in completing the investigation in right manner. Cross sectional and longitudinal are the
time horizon. According to the study, investigator has chosen cross sectional time period. The
main purpose to choose this is it complete the overall research in short time which is less than
six months. A real time data is also obtained with cross sectional as well as multiple variables
is also observed (Ryder, and et. al, 2022).
Data collection: Data collection is the process of gathering and accumulating data for
the study. With the use of two source that are primary and secondary data for the study is
being gathered. In primary data first-hand information is collected and in secondary previous
data is obtained. As per the study, investigator has chosen primary data collection source. The
main reason to opt this is fresh data is acquired which is real time data for the study. with the
real information valid and reliable outcome for the study is obtained (Mishra, and Alok,
2022). There is also various source through which primary data is collected such as
questionnaire, interview, observation and many more. But in the present investigation
questionnaire is being formulated and using this data for the study is obtained. A list of
closed ended question is framed through which only valid data is obtained for the study.
Data analysis: Data analysis is the process of inspecting and measuring data for the
study. with the data analysis technique right data is obtained that helps in forecasting valid
and quality outcome for the study. some of the data analysis technique are as frequency
distribution method, thematic analysis, content analysis, networking and many more
(Niknejad, Hussin, and Amiri, 2019). As per the investigation, investigator of the study has
selected frequency distribution method. the reason is that using this technique quantitative
data was analysed in more effective manner. the numerical data is being presented in the
current investigation in tables and graphs.
Sampling: Sampling is the method through which sample of the study is being taken out.
The sample are selected so that appropriate data which is related to the study is obtained.
Probability and non-probability are the two sampling method. As per the study, investigator
has selected probability sampling method (Rashid, and Sipahi, 2021). The main purpose to
select this is respondent of the study is being taken out by providing equal opportunity.
Further in probability simple random sampling method is used. Through this each respondent

get rationale and fair chance. The sample size for the investigation was 30 employees from
Tesco.
Research ethics: There are various set of principles and rules through which research is
conducted in ethical manner. Ethics are being followed by the researcher so that they can
carry the whole investigation as per the guideline. Some of the ethics that Are followed in the
present investigation are as:
 Voluntarily participants of the study: In this investigator has given the option to the
participants to be the part of the investigation as per their consent (Ratelle, Sawatsky,
and Beckman, 2019).
 Confidentiality: In the existing research, the personal and private information of the
applicant are not disclosed. They are kept private and secure.
 Credibility: In this the data of the other authors or researcher has been credited by
citing them in the investigation where they are being used. As well as in reference list
the link of the authors is also mentioned (Rutberg, and Bouikidis, 2018).

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING
Frequency distribution table
Q1) Do you understand about the concept related to work from home
policy?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 4
c) May be 1
Q2) Do you know about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the
performance of an organistion?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 3
c) May be 2
Q3) Do you think that work from home policy is an effective strategy for
Tesco in improving the overall performance during the Covid-19
pandemic situation?
Frequency
a) Yes 23
b) No 4
c) Can't say 3
Q4) As per your perspective, what is the effect of work from home
policy on the performance of Tesco in the time of pandemic?
Frequency
a) Increased employee productivity 10
b) High job satsfaction 5
c) Positive working environment 4

d) Flexibility to employees 3
e) Staying connected with members 6
f) In hiring new employees 2
Q5) According your knowledge, which is the main challenge faced by
Tesco while providing the work from home policy to their Staff?
Frequency
a) Improper Communication 10
b) Security issue 4
c) Managing the Work-life balance 7
d) Remote Hiring 3
e) Resolving technical challenges 6
Q6) Which is effective strategy that can used by Tesco for dealing with
the challenges associated through work- from-home policy?
Frequency
a) Proper collaboration with employees 6
b) Building and maintaining trust 3
c) Proper Management of remote teams 4
d) Tracking employee performance 10
e) Creating a good employee experience 7
Q7) According to you, is work from home policy is good for your
working experience or not?
Frequency
a) Yes 24
b) No 4
c) Can't say 2

Data interpretation
Table 1: Knowledge about the concept related to work from home policy
Q1) Do you understand about the concept related to work from home
policy?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 4
c) May be 1
a) Yes b) No c) May be
0
5
10
15
20
25
Figure 1: Knowledge about the concept related to work from home policy
Interpretation- From the above mentioned graph, it has been interpreted that out of 30, 25
respondents understand the concepts of work from policy because they know that working
their job from their home can help them to make work-life balance better. Another 4
respondents are not aware about the concept of work-from-home. Because they do not avail
this policy in their organisation and they have to come their workplace even in pandemic time
for doing their job. They should have to aware about these types of policy within their
organisation in order to avail it for their good working experience. Remaining 1 respondents
are not sure about the understanding of the concept of work-from-home policy. If they are not

aware about these policies, then they need to get know about it for their effective working
experience.
Table 2: Knowledge related to impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of an
organisation
Q2) Do you know about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the
performance of an organisation?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 3
c) May be 2
a) Yes b) No c) May be
0
5
10
15
20
25
Figure 2: Knowledge related to impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of an
organisation
Interpretation- The above represented figure states that 25 respondents said yes which
means that they are about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of an
organisation. They know that this pandemic affects the whole world in adverse manner and
imposed lockdown in most of the country. Due to which people are unable to perform their
job properly and it affected organisational performance adversely. Another 3 respondents are

not knowing about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on organisational performance. Because
their organisation deal with this pandemic in effective manner by using excellent strategies
and ways. On the other hand, 2 respondents are answered may be which means that they are
not properly aware or known about the impact of Covid-19 on their organisational
performance.
Table 3: Does work from home policy is an effective strategy for Tesco in improving the
overall performance during the Covid-19 pandemic situation
Q3) Do you think that work from home policy is an effective strategy for
Tesco in improving the overall performance during the Covid-19
pandemic situation?
Frequency
a) Yes 23
b) No 4
c) Can't say 3

a) Yes b) No c) Can't say
0
5
10
15
20
25
Figure 3: Does work from home policy is an effective strategy for Tesco in improving the
overall performance during the Covid-19 pandemic situation
Interpretation- From the presented graph, it has been analysed that 23 respondents are
answered yes which means that they think work-from-home policy is an effective strategy for
the company in order to improve performance during the Covid-19 pandemic situation. It
allows employees to perform their several tasks from their home in order to get prevented
from the corona virus. Another 4 respondents have been answered no which means that they
think work-from-home policy is not that effective strategy for the company in order to
improve the overall performance during the Covid-19 pandemic situation. According to them,
there are many functions of an organisation which cannot perform home and it should be
conducted only in workplace so, working from home would not that helpful for the company
to improve their overall performance. Rest 3 respondents are neutral for this questions
because for them work-from-home policy can or cannot help company to improve their
overall performance during the Covid-19 pandemic situation.
Table 4: Effect of work from home policy on the performance of Tesco in the time of
pandemic
Q4) As per your perspective, what is the effect of work from home
policy on the performance of Tesco in the time of pandemic?
Frequency
a) Increased employee productivity 10

b) High job satsfaction 5
c) Positive working environment 4
d) Flexibility to employees 3
e) Staying connected with members 6
f) In hiring new employees 2
a) Increased employee productivity
c) Positive working environment
e) Staying connected with members
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
5
4
3
6
2
Figure 4: Effect of work from home policy on the performance of Tesco in the time of
pandemic
Interpretation- From above represented gathered data, it has been interpreted that 10
respondents have been answered that increase in employee productivity is the greater effect
of work-from-home policy on the performance of the company during Covid-19 pandemic.
Another 5 respondents have been answered that higher job satisfaction is the effect of work-
from-home policy on the company at the time of pandemic. Another 4 respondents have been
answered that creating positive working environment is the main effect of work-from-home
policy on the company while using it in Covid-19 pandemic. Another 3 respondents have

been answered that providing flexibility to employees is the positive impact of work-from-
home policy on the company at the time of pandemic. Another 6 respondents have been
answered that staying connected with members is the main effect of work-from-home policy
of the company at the time of Covid-19 pandemic. Rest 2 respondents are think that help in
hiring new employee is the main effect that of work-from-home policy at the time of Covid-
19 pandemic.
Table 5: Main challenge faced by Tesco while providing the work from home policy to their
Staff
Q5) According your knowledge, which is the main challenge faced by
Tesco while providing the work from home policy to their Staff?
Frequency
a) Improper Communication 10
b) Security issue 4
c) Managing the Work-life balance 7
d) Remote Hiring 3
e) Resolving technical challenges 6

a) Improper Communication
c) Managing the Work-life balance
e) Resolving technical challenges
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
4
7
3
6
Figure 5: Main challenge faced by Tesco while providing the work from home policy to their
Staff
Interpretation: It is interpreted from the above presented data from the graph that there are
number of challenges that company face while implementing work from policy in the
business which results in decreased productivity of the business. There are total of 30
respondents, from which 10 respondents have said that improper communication is the major
problem that company face at the time of online communication. 4 respondents have said that
security issue is a challenge for the company which results in leakage of important
information. 7 respondents have said that managing the work life balance at home is also
quite challenging for the company, 3 respondents have said that remote hiring requires
experience and more efforts which is an issue for the company. While 6 respondents have
said that resolving technical glitch is difficult as IT person can not go each house of employee
for solving the problem.
Table 6: Effective strategy that can used by Tesco for dealing with the challenges associated
through work- from-home policy
Q6) Which is effective strategy that can used by Tesco for dealing with
the challenges associated through work- from-home policy?
Frequency
a) Proper collaboration with employees 6
b) Building and maintaining trust 3

c) Proper Management of remote teams 4
d) Tracking employee performance 10
e) Creating a good employee experience 7
a) Proper collaboration with employees
c) Proper Management of remote teams
e) Creating a good employee experience
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6
3
4
10
7
Figure 6: Effective strategy that can used by Tesco for dealing with the challenges associated
through work- from-home policy
Interpretation: It is interpreted from the following data covered in the graph that are various
strategies that the company can use in their business for implementing and executing the
work from policy in a better and effective way. From the total of 30 respondents, 6 of the
respondents have said that proper collaboration with employees is necessary for completing
the assigned work in a proper way. 3 respondents have said that building and maintaining
trust is also am effective strategy while working from home, 4 respondent have said that
proper management of remote teams is essential for achieving the predetermined objectives.
10 respondents have said that tracking employee performance is more important as this helps
in motivating and inspiring them for delivering better results and 7 respondents have said that
creating a good employee experience is an effective approach for high productivity and
profitability.

Table 7: Is work from home policy is good for your working experience or not
Q7) According to you, is work from home policy is good for your
working experience or not?
Frequency
a) Yes 24
b) No 4
c) Can't say 2
a) Yes b) No c) Can't say
0
5
10
15
20
25
Figure 7: Is work from home policy is good for your working experience or not
Interpretation: As per the above information presented in the graph, it is interpreted that
work from policy is effective and productive in the time of pandemic as it helps in achieving
the set goals of the business. There are total number of 30 respondents that are chosen by the
researcher, out of which 24 respondents have said yes for the above fact that work from home
is best in the time of pandemic as it helps in protecting people from the danger of getting
affected by the virus. 4 respondents have said no as they find work from home as no
productivity achieved, home is not a place to work from and results in delivering bad results
for the company. On the other hand, 2 respondents can't say anything about the new policy
related to work from home in the time of pandemic which is not that major issue for the
company as they are comfortable in both.

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APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you understand about the concept related to work from home policy?
a) Yes
b) No
c) May be
Q2) Do you know about the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of an
organistion?
a) Yes
b) No
c) May be
Q3) Do you think that work from home policy is an effective strategy for Tesco in
improving the overall performance during the Covid-19 pandemic situation?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Can't say
Q4) As per your perspective, what is the effect of work from home policy on the
performance of Tesco in the time of pandemic?
a) Increased employee productivity
b) High job satsfaction
c) Positive working environment
d) Flexibility to employees
e) Staying connected with members
f) In hiring new employees
Q5) According your knowledge, which is the main challenge faced by Tesco while

providing the work from home policy to their Staff?
a) Improper Communication
b) Security issue
c) Managing the Work-life balance
d) Remote Hiring
e) Resolving technical challenges
Q6) Which is effective strategy that can used by Tesco for dealing with the challenges
associated through work- from-home policy?
a) Proper collaboration with employees
b) Building and maintaining trust
c) Proper Management of remote teams
d) Tracking employee performance
e) Creating a good employee experience
Q7) According to you, is work from home policy is good for your working experience or
not?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Can't say