Literature Review: Internet of Things in Healthcare - A CDU Study

This literature review explores the applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare, focusing on its potential to transform patient care and improve healthcare delivery. It discusses the use of IoT devices for remote patient monitoring, data collection, and analysis, highlighting the benefits of enhanced connectivity, mobility, and cloud storage. The review also addresses key trends such as mHealth, wireless monitoring, and virtual consultations. Furthermore, it evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of IoT in healthcare, including concerns about data security, interoperability, and the need for regulatory frameworks. The review concludes that IoT has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by enabling new business models, improving efficiency, and reducing costs, while acknowledging the challenges that need to be addressed for its successful implementation.

Literature Review: IoT in Health Care

Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Literature Review............................................................................................................................1
Discussions..................................................................................................................................2
Evaluation....................................................................................................................................4
Strength and weakness.............................................................................................................4
Findings.......................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................7

Introduction
Internet of Things is considered as the effective network which is able to connect the different
devices, vehicles and the different home appliances. They are able to allow the objects to be
sensed or controlled across the infrastructure with creating better opportunities for the integration
of physical world into the computer systems. Here, the discussion is about the use of IoT in
Healthcare (Gope & Hwang, 2016). The applications are transforming with mainly focusing on
monitoring the devices to connect the internet and then transform the information from the
physical to the digital world. The devices are for gathering and then sharing the information
directly with the cloud where the possibility is to match the records and analyze the data. The
healthcare is effective to match with the potential to change and handling the self-configuring
capabilities which are based on standards and interoperable communication protocols where the
physical and virtual things have proper identities and attributes with use of intelligent interfaces.
The capability is to perform the tasks for the patient and doctor with providing a better
connectivity and mobility which is effective for the cloud storage and to match with the data
needs which needs to be analyzed properly with the patient and the doctor (Puri et al., 2017).
Literature Review
IoT has been effective at different stages where the interpretation is about how it can handle the
things, internet-oriented vision, and the semantic oriented standards (Salunke & Nerkar, 2017).
IoT semantic oriented vision provides the effective perspective that the data is collected from the
different sensors with the proper interpretation that it can handle the temperature, pressure, and
humidity. This also includes the health data of humans with heart rate, oxygen, and the blood
pressure. IoT devices have sensors for properly receiving the signals from the environment or

controlling the environmental-based inputs which have been set through the internet transfer and
the storage of data in the cloud for communication (Heo et al., 2015).
Discussions
The discussion of the healthcare trends includes the ways which are for the technology growth,
functionality and the benefits. There are trends which include the different devices for the
consumer and the other medical devices, where there is a proper setup of the health sensors in the
accessories like the wrist gear. This will help in enabling the mHealth, which refers to the use of
the mobile and the other wireless technologies to monitor the public health. The IoT applications
are defined for tracking the different objects and the people, identifying and authentication with a
setup of the automatic data collection and sensing. The health trends are analyzed with the
different use of the IoT concept and their benefits.
It includes the wireless monitoring of the patient where the applications are set for the remote
surveillance of patients through the different functions (Manogaran & Priyan, 2017). Here, the
use is of the internal and the external located patient's devices which are mainly for the modeling
and handling the transmission over the real time between the individuals and the caregivers. The
mobile system access is for the application setup where the technologies are defined to enable
the remote and the other virtual areas for clinical systems. This will help in automated with the
use of mobile app interface where the technology of healthcare is e-Health. The mobile is also
used for the different monitoring of the healthcare application areas which is considered under
the mHealth namely the website, portals, and the mobile apps.
The medical devices are mainly the appropriate applications which can easily handle the
capturing or the tracking of the different key care compliance patterns with the management of
the data of diseases. There are different solutions which could be used for the fitness tracking

with the activities defined for the patients (Tyagi et al., 2016). The Google glass is for handling
the performance which is important for the different surgeries and the recording patterns which
includes the different devices for measuring the blood pressure etc.
The virtual consultation is considered effective for the connectivity and handling the different
solutions which will enable the virtual care consultation setup, education and the delivery of the
medicine. The appointments need to be analyzed with virtualization process that includes how
the countries and the market are able to handle the advent of the telesurgery for a better
procedure. The examples are the teleconsultations and the solutions for the mobile video.
The aging in place is for using the clinically monitoring applications which comes with the
monitoring of the different patients without any major need of the manual intervention setup.
Here, the aging signs are related to match with the system. It includes the monitoring of devices
that is essential for handling the real-time transfer of the data to the doctor. The information
needs to be used for the medical assistance. The use of the Personal Emergency Response
System or the consultations through the video are possible.
There is a need to focus on the clinical standards where the data is received mainly from the
wireless devices. It is seen that the different contributors work for managing or preventing the
chronic diseases to monitor how patients can work over post-hospitalization (Wu et al., 2017).
The data are stored and worked upon in real time with the trend along with the analytical
capabilities. The multiple sources are set for the real time. The psychological data is worked
upon where the growing number of the medical devices have been wearable which includes the
monitoring of glucose, the blood pressure etc.

The Internet of Things helps in enabling the organizations to work on lifting the critical data
which has been coming from the different resources with the focus on decision making
capability. The trends are transforming with healthcare sector and increased efficiency patterns.
This will lower the costs and provide avenues for caring the patient (Hou & Yeh, 2015).
Evaluation
Strength and weakness
There are certain concerns about connections of IoT in healthcare where:
a. The strength is to focus on raising the demand of the patient and weakness is the shortage
of different medical professionals.
b. There has been increasing the cost of providing a higher quality of the healthcare
c. A major lack of the accessibility of medical in remote areas is a major concern..
The idea is to focus on the different diagnostics with defined clinical pathways that are for the
Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). This includes how the system is able to match with
the step-by-step clinical decision-making process along with handling the customization and
authorization of the different respective clinician with trained professionals. The project
management perspectives are set with the cost, schedule and the negotiation with the sponsored
team. Here, the risk management is an important factor which needs to be checked. The health
workers and the program manager helps in connecting to the doctor (Deshpande et al., 2016).
There are other data programs which are set to define the identity of the system and the trend of
diseases.

Findings
There are different challenges in IoT in healthcare, which tends to include the issues related to
the technical, and the regulator work considerations. The focus is on the stability with
interoperability of the technical standards where the different areas are fragmented. This will
help in establishing the frameworks and the IoT device standard processes. The lack of the
government support and the other bodies lead to issues with the regulations. (Tyagi et al., 2016).
The security and the personal privacy includes the improvements which are not researched in a
proper manner, where confidentiality, integrity is mainly defined at the level of handling the
personal data of the patients. There are discussions about how the physical objects can work over
the machine-to-machine interface patterns. It includes the different levels which work with
defining how the influencing factors include the internal and external setup. The analysis
includes the genomic inputs to predict the trends related to healthcare and the person allergies.
The technology helps in providing with certain recommendations that are for improving the
physical activities. The applications are defined for the different set of experience doctors where
the work is on collaboratively handling the approach of complementing the doctor with the
technology-based inputs.
Conclusion
IoT has been able to bring a change to delivery model in healthcare sector, where different
devices of IoT (like sensor, etc.) are helpful to bring a revolutionary change. It has helped in
bringing a change to the remote consulting factors or for the detection of epidemic diseases as
well (Wu et al., 2017)s. The wide reach is then compared to the other traditional primary care
which is evident to facilitate the new business models and the healthcare delivery models,
irrespective of the challenges.

References
Deshpande, A., Mathur, A. and Krishnamurthy, S., 2016. Application of Internet of Things in
Healthcare Sector for Bottom of Pyramid in India.
Gope, P. and Hwang, T., 2016. BSN-Care: A secure IoT-based modern healthcare system using
body sensor network. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(5), pp.1368-1376.
Heo, S.P., Noh, D.H., Moon, C.B. and Kim, D.S., 2015. Trend of IoT-based Healthcare
Service. IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications, 10(4), pp.221-231.
Hou, J.L. and Yeh, K.H., 2015. Novel authentication schemes for IoT based healthcare
systems. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 11(11), p.183
Manogaran, C.T.G. and Priyan, M., 2017. Centralized fog computing security platform for IoT
and cloud in healthcare system. Exploring the convergence of big data and the internet of things,
p.141.
Purri, S., Choudhury, T., Kashyap, N. and Kumar, P., 2017, March. Specialization of IoT
applications in health care industries. In Big Data Analytics and Computational Intelligence
(ICBDAC), 2017 International Conference on(pp. 252-256). IEEE.
Salunke, P. and Nerkar, R., 2017. IoT Driven Healthcare System for Remote Monitoring of
Patients. Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology, 3(06), pp.100-103.
Tyagi, S., Agarwal, A. and Maheshwari, P., 2016, January. A conceptual framework for IoT-
based healthcare system using cloud computing. In Cloud System and Big Data Engineering
(Confluence), 2016 6th International Conference (pp. 503-507). IEEE.

Wu, T., Wu, F., Redouté, J.M. and Yuce, M.R., 2017. An autonomous wireless body area
network implementation towards IoT connected healthcare applications. IEEE Access, 5,
pp.11413-11422.