Research Project: Cultural Diversity and Productivity at Workplace

This report investigates the role of cultural diversity in managing workplace productivity. The research employs a positivism philosophy and deductive approach, utilizing questionnaires for primary data collection and secondary sources for literature review. The methodology includes sampling techniques and ethical considerations. The findings, presented through frequency distribution analysis and graphs, reveal employee awareness of cultural diversity and its impact on productivity, challenges faced, and potential solutions. The discussion interprets primary data, relating it to the literature review and exploring themes such as awareness of cultural diversity, the importance of managing it, benefits, and challenges. The report concludes with recommendations and a reflection on the research process, offering insights into improving workplace dynamics and performance through effective diversity management. The research focuses on Apple Inc. as a case study to identify the role of cultural diversity in workplace productivity.

Research Project
(To identify the role of cultural diversity
and its importance in managing
productivity at workplace)

Contents
Executive summary.............................................................................................................................3
Methodology........................................................................................................................................4
Results/ Findings..................................................................................................................................7
Discussion...........................................................................................................................................12
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................17
Recommendation...............................................................................................................................17
Reflection............................................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................20
Appendix............................................................................................................................................21

Executive summary
Main intent behind conducting this report is to identify the role of cultural diversity
and its importance in managing productivity at workplace. This is a main purpose and in
order to accomplish this purpose, different numbers of activities or tasks were completed by
researcher. Literature review is a main activity that was done by using number of secondary
sources such as articles, magazines, books etc. Research methodology is another activity that
was important for researcher in gathering as well as analysing of reliable information with the
use of questionnaire. Results were described by the researcher by using frequency
distribution analysis and Ms-Excel for making effective graphs. Discussion was done by
interpreting primary data and relating with this data to the literature review. Conclusion was
completed by researcher by presenting entire information in short manner. Recommendations
were done by providing suggestions to the company about the improvements that are related
with the topic. Reflection is a last part that was done by explaining experience and
effectiveness of research methods in accomplishing of research aim and objectives.

Methodology
Methodology refers to the significant part of study that will helps researcher in
gathering as well as evaluating of data in appropriate and relevant ways. There are some
methods that will be beneficial in completing of full research which will be described as
below:
Research Philosophy: This section has two types of philosophy which are positivism
and interpretivisim. Both are essential but doing current study, positivism philosophy will be
applied because it support in collecting and analysing of quantitative information regarding
the role of cultural diversity and its importance in managing productivity at workplace within
limited time duration (Amjad and et. al., 2018).
Research approach: There are two approaches of study which are known as inductive
and deductive. These are essential but for conducting this investigation, deductive approach
will be applied because it facilitate in analysing of data in form of quantitative and in less
time duration. On the other side, inductive is another approach that is not helpful for
researcher in performing of present study over the role of cultural diversity because it takes
maximum time of researcher and not provide information in quantitative manner (Wu and et.
al., 2018).
Data collection: Data collection is the essential process of collecting information
regarding the field of study. There are basically two types of sources that will be used within
an investigation for collecting primary as well as secondary information. Questionnaire has
been applied by researcher for gathering primary information (Barak, 2016). On the other
side, secondary is another source of data collection that helps investigator in gathering of in-
depth and accurate information from number of sources such as magazines, books, articles,
publication research etc. Therefore, within a current study, both primary and secondary
sources of data collection are useful.
Sampling: Sampling within an investigation refers to the process of sample selection.
For selecting sample, there are two techniques or methods which are probability and non-
probability. These techniques are essential but for selecting sample size according to the
exiting topic or study, simple random sampling under probability sampling has been followed
because it helps in saving time and also selection of large number of sample size. However,
non-probability type of sampling is not appropriate for current investigation because it is

based on small number of sample size and also need maximum time period (Schilpzand, De
Pater and Erez, 2016).
Research instruments: There are number of research instruments which are
interview, questionnaire, observation, focus group etc. All are consider effective instruments
but for collecting information or data about the role of diversity, questionnaire has been
applied by investigator because it is useful in gathering of valid and reliable data within less
time as compare to other instruments of study (Gjesfjeld and et. al., 2020). Questionnaire
according to the current project will be presented as below:
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at
workplace in increasing employees’ productivity?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural
diversity acquire by Apple at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote creativity 20
b) Increase employee productivity 20
c) Enhance innovation 10
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural
diversity at working area?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 20
b) Develop negative working environment 15
c) Reduce employee productivity 15
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can
overcome from the issue of cultural diversity?
Frequency
a) Strong leadership 20
b) Proper training and development 20
c) Provide equal opportunity 10
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area
help in enhancing performance level of company at market
place?
Frequency

a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among
employees is important for Apple Inc to enhance productivity
level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive
relation among staff members?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promotes diversity
at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote a positive learning climate 30
b) Encourage employee interaction 10
c) Proper flexibility at workplace 10
Ethical consideration: Within a current study, research ethics played an important
role in completing full study ethically. There are some values or principles of research ethics
that must be require using by researcher. These principles are specifically related with safety
of confidentiality and anonymity, reducing the threat of harm, acquiring informed consent,
warding off use of misleading practices and presenting right to withdraw to the studies
members. All those are predominant concepts that should be following within a research by
way of researcher because it allows them in completion of full dissertation ethically in
addition to successfully (Gurung and Prater, 2017).
Research reliability and validity: This introduces to the powerful and critical part of
study’s methodology as it help in checking out of validity and reliability of look at. For this
segment of method, questionnaire is extra appropriate because it aid investigator in
accumulating and analysing of data about the topic in dependable and valid way. Therefore,
this can support in gaining of legitimate consequences without problems and accomplishment
of studies aim and objectives inside constrained time period and in powerful manner (Han
and Beyerlein, 2016).

Results/ Findings
This is an important part of study that helps investigator in identification id number of
respondents and their view ablaut the questions. For results, there is need for researcher to
make graphs and tables. Graphs will be made with the help of Ms-Excel that is effective in
presenting of data in graphical manner. Along with this, for analysing data, frequency
distribution table has been made that support investigator in analysing of quantitative
information systematically (Jimenez, Boehe, Taras and Caprar, 2017). Distribution table and
graphs has been mentioned as below:
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
40
10
Frequency
Frequency
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at
workplace in increasing employees’ productivity?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20

a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
20
Frequency
Frequency
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural
diversity acquire by Apple at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote creativity 20
b) Increase employee productivity 20
c) Enhance innovation 10
a) Promote
creativity b) Increase
employee
productivity
c) Enhance
innovation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20 20
10
Frequency
Frequency
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural
diversity at working area?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 20
b) Develop negative working environment 15
c) Reduce employee productivity 15

a) Cultural
barriers b) Develop
negative working
environment
c) Reduce
employee
productivity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20
15 15
Frequency
Frequency
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can
overcome from the issue of cultural diversity?
Frequency
a) Strong leadership 20
b) Proper training and development 20
c) Provide equal opportunity 10
a) Strong
leadership b) Proper
training and
development
c) Provide
equal opportunity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20 20
10
Frequency
Frequency
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area
help in enhancing performance level of company at market
place?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15

a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
35
15
Frequency
Frequency
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among
employees is important for Apple Inc to enhance productivity
level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
1 2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
20
Chart Title
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among employees is important
for Apple Inc to enhance productivity level?
Frequency
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive
relation among staff members?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10

1 2
0 0
40
10
Chart Title
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive relation among staff
members?
Frequency
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promotes diversity
at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote a positive learning climate 30
b) Encourage employee interaction 10
c) Proper flexibility at workplace 10
a) Promote a
positive learning
climate
b) Encourage
employee
interaction
c) Proper
flexibility at
workplace
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
10 10
Frequency
Frequency

Discussion
This is another important part of the research report that will helps researcher in
interpreting and evaluating of results of the study. This section of the research is based on
findings which are related with literature review (Mousa and Alas, 2016). This will support
researcher in gaining of valid outcomes and achieving of research aim and objectives easily.
Interpretation of primary data and their relation with literature review has been explained as
below:
Theme 1: Awareness about the concept of cultural diversity.
Interpretation: Unlike other things, globalisation has provided a large number of
benefits to the organisation who are operating their business at global level. Company can
now have an opportunity to select suitable candidates from the large pool of talents.
According to respondents, 40 out of 50 participants go with the option “Yes”, which means
that they are aware about the concept of cultural diversity which means they know that
cultural diversity means accepting and respecting people who are from other culture. It
provides every individual with an identity that makes him/her different or unique from one
another. However, cultural diversity includes various parameters and elements such as
ethnicity, race, gender etc., and it becomes prime responsibility of superiors or mangers to
manage and maintain gender equality at workplace. Moreover, believes that culture diversity
while working in a workplace provides with an opportunity to work with people who are
from diverse culture and also increase the productivity level of both company and individual.
Whereas, other 10 respondents don’t know anything about the concept of cultural diversity
and how maintaining the same at workplace can provide benefits in terms of profit and an
increased market share.
Theme 2: Managing cultural diversity is important at workplace in increasing
employees’ productivity.
Interpretation: Cultural diversity, for a company has become one of the major
sources in relation to increasing the value and profitability at the market area. Now, while
performing an activity company can have a lot of ideas which however, enables company in
getting their job done in a unique and creative manner. As per the responses collected from
respondents, it has been evaluated that 30 numbers of participants out of 50 believe that
“Yes”, managing cultural diversity within the organisation always helps in increasing the
productivity of an employee. It helps in improving community relations which furthermore,