Heritage and Cultural Tourism Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of heritage and cultural tourism, focusing on its growth and development in the UK, potential conflicts in Lhasa, Tibet, the purpose of heritage attractions, the roles and responsibilities of organizations in the industry, and the methods of interpretation used for tourists. The report also includes case studies of the British Museum and the Natural History Museum, and discusses the impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage sites. The study concludes that heritage and cultural tourism is crucial for economic development and that it is essential to protect and conserve cultural sites for future generations.

Heritage and Cultural
Tourism

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 UNDERSTAND THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HERITAGE AND
CULTURAL INDUSTRY WITHIN TRAVEL AND TOURISM..................................................2
1.1 Growth and development of heritage and cultural industry in UK..................................2
1.2 Potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources in Lhasa, Tibet5
TASK 2 UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE OF HERITAGE AND CULTURAL
ATTRACTIONS WITHIN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR........................................7
2.1 The purpose of heritage and cultural attractions within the travel and tourism sector.....7
TASK 3 UNDERSTAND ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES AND OWNERSHIP OF
ORGANIZATIONS IN THE HERITAGE AND CULTURAL INDUSTRY...............................10
3.1 Impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and cultural sites10
3.2 Analyzing roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry
..............................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4 UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF METHODS OF INTERPRETATION WITHIN THE
HERITAGE AND CULTURE INDUSTRY.................................................................................12
4.1 Evaluating the methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural
industry for tourists...............................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15
BIBLIOGRAPHY .........................................................................................................................18

ILLUSTRATION INDEX
Illustration 1: British Museum.........................................................................................................8
Illustration 2: Natural History Museum ..........................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Tourism can be stated as a traveling experience that helps individual to visit the places,
artifacts and activities that presents the cultural and heritage of that region specifically. Tourism
involves cultural and heritage tourism that involves a location where tourists attracts because of
its natural heritage and museums. However, it also involves tourism in rural areas that showcases
the traditions of varied cultural communities such as festivals, rituals and their values and
lifestyle etc. Also, cultural tourists spend more standard time watching the heritage and cultural
rituals of the country and admiring it (Abankina, 2013). Therefore, it is essential for government
to develop the cultural and heritage tourism in the country so that more number of tourists can be
attracted towards the country and improve economic development.
Heritage and cultural tourism is a most popular tourism that attracts both young and old
people who are fond of physical attraction and natural beauty. It also attracts varied students who
are learning architecture helps them to understand the sculptures, monuments and museums.
Thus, it helps them to reflect towards the culture and influence others to visit the destination.
Further, the natural heritage involves the landscape, coastlines, national parks and sanctuaries.
Thus, it all has high impact on the travel and tourism sector on the conservation and
sustainability of such sites (Aitchison and et. al., 2014). The government plays a major role in
shaping and sustaining the cultural identity of the country so that it assists heritage industry to
flourish.
The present study has been divided into four different tasks which possess varied
scenarios. In the first task, growth and development of heritage and cultural industry has been
assessed with regard to travel and tourism sector in UK. While, it is crucial to analyze the
possible conflicts faced by country in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources within
Lhasa, Tibet. Further, British and Natural History Museum has been undertaken for a trip in
order to assess the importance and purpose of museum of it in order to meet the needs of visitors.
Also, analysis has been carried out in order to assess the roles and responsibilities and ownership
of business in developing the heritage and cultural industry (Ashworth and Larkham, 2013). At
the end, the study evaluates the role of methods of interpretation within the heritage and cultural
industry for tourists.
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TASK 1 UNDERSTAND THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
HERITAGE AND CULTURAL INDUSTRY WITHIN TRAVEL AND
TOURISM
1.1 Growth and development of heritage and cultural industry in UK
Here, it has been assessed regarding the growth and development of heritage and cultural
industry prevailing in UK. However, it can be stated that growth and development of heritage
and culture need to be maintained so that country can flourish well and also attract more number
of consumers to visit the place. As per the development and growth of heritage and culture in UK
it encourages the economy of the country to enhance the gross domestic products. The city is full
of religious and cultural backgrounds since mid 17th century (Bordoni, 2011). However, the city
is full of heritage sites such as museums, events and festivals of UK. It helps in attracting varied
visitors to come and explore the heritage and cultural places of UK. Because of such beautiful
attractions, cultures and climatic conditions it attracts people around the globe. Also, the country
possess specific geographic and climatic conditions encourages people to visit the place and
influence from the traditions and local beliefs of local people. UNESCO is one of the specialized
agency of UN and its main purpose is to contribute to peace and security through promoting
culture and heritage. It implements its activities with the help of five different programs such as
Education, Natural Sciences, Social and Human Sciences, Culture and Communication
(Blanchfield, 2013).
However, it is essential for government of UK to enforce growth and development of
heritage and culture of country so that economic condition can flourish. Similarly, the growth
and development of heritage will motivate tourists to visit the country and thus increase the
economy of country (Carrier and Macleod, 2012). Visitors mainly visit the destination in order to
explore the natural heritage, monuments, museums and historic buildings of the particular
country. Therefore, it is essential for organizations to protect and conserve it effectively so that
heritage can be conserved. Also, government is required to promote Tibetan culture by
developing the policy and promotion. It is essential for local government to protect the heritage
and cultural sites so that it generate interest in the people to visit the ancient monuments and gain
experience of the culture of UK (Zehrer, Pechlaner and Raich, 2010).
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The authorities of UK stated that they need to protect the traditional buildings from
demolition so that people from different regions can be attracted towards the historic and
architecture of UK. The World Heritage Committee also inspected that the ancient Palaces and
states that its design and construction of the repairs so that it can be protected for future (Hede
and Kellett, 2011). Furthermore, Jordan is greatly dependent upon the generation of revenue
from the tourism industry and its department of Antiquities in order to work hard and convert its
natural resources into revenue generation. Here, a PIA framework has been developed that helps
in guiding the investigation of turath and tarikh in the particular development of one particular
site in Jordan. However, the history of UK involves from Stonehenge that was developed in early
3000 BC to 2000 BC. Also, there are varied world famous monuments which was build in
around 5000 years ago. Currently in 20th and 21st century Stonehenge area was published by the
Ministry of Defence and its was also used by military for their training purpose.
S. No. Name Location Date Description Pictures
1 Castles and
Town Walls of
King Edward in
Gwynedd
Conwy, Isle
of Anglesey
and
Gwynedd,
Wales
13th-14th
century
This
monument
was
constructed
during the
reign of
Edward I of
England. It is
involves in
world heritage
site and covers
many castles.
(Source: Castles and
Town Walls of King
Edward in Gwynedd.
2015)
2 Blenheim
Palace
Located in
Woodstock,
England
1705-1722 In this palace
John Churchill
resided.
However, it
was designed
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by team of
varied
architects. The
palace
celebrated its
victory over
the French.
(Source: Blenheim
Palace. 2015)
3 Iron Bridge
Gorge
Located in
Iron Bridge,
Shropshire,
England
18th Century However, it
was the first
bridge that
was built of
iron and also it
was a great
work of
architecture
and
technological
influence.
Also, the
development
of coke
production in
the area
started the
Industrial
Revolution.
(Source: Ironbridge
Gorge. 2015)
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4 City of Bath Bath,
Somerset,
England
19th Century It was founded
by the Romans
and used as a
Spa. However,
it is also an
important
place of wool
industry. The
city of bath
has a different
history to
preserve the
Roman
remains and
Palladian
architecture.
(Source: City of
Bath. 2015)
1.2 Potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources in Lhasa, Tibet
It is essential for government to conserve the heritage and cultural resources in Tibet so
that it can assist in attracting travelers. Also, it is significant for State Administration of Cultural
heritage to develop principles for the conservation of Heritage sites in Lhasa, Tibet. Furthermore,
it is crucial for local people to protect the sites and heritage of country (Baggio, Mottironi and
Corigliano, 2010). This helps in improving the economic growth of the country. It is essential for
Tibetan government to conserve and protect the heritage and cultural resources so that fabulous
monasteries, high altitude treks and unique intangible culture can be protected without any
conflict. However, country is also a famous tourist destination and attracts varied visitors from
around the world. Therefore, it is essential for them to build varied hotels and also renovating the
Lhasa's traditional Barkhor old town. Thus, all these lead to a high investment for making luxury
hotels in Lhasa for making the guests comfortable. The plan of starting the Intercontinental
Hotels Group to open a “Resort Lhasa Paradise” with a 1100 rooms and making this the biggest
luxury hotel of Lhasa. Therefore, such projects are subject to varied conflicts (Bremner, 2013).
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However, there is a non-profit organization working named as Free Tibet which is
London based and it possesses mission to free Tibet from such luxury developments as it will be
marginalize or decrease the heritage of Tibet. Also, they started a campaign named Free Tibet
which involves activists to protect and conserve the rights of country in order to boycott the
construction of hotel in Lhasa as it will decrease the occupancy of local people. It also states that
the development of Intercontinental hotel will sell the image of Tibet as peaceful, spiritual and
unspoiled land (Scott and laws, 2012). Here, it is crucial for the local communities to develop
and manage their activities so that culture and heritage of the place can be conserved. For
instance, if government will focus on protecting and conserving the monuments and hotels of
Lhasa as historical without building luxury hotel will attract more people to visit Lhasa. Thus, it
assists in protecting the natural heritage and culture of the country. However, if people will find
that there are disputed prevailing among local people and government then they will have fear to
travel to such place and thus it decreases the brand image of Tibet as ethnic, peaceful and
religious land (Stacey, 2011). Tourists travel to such places for relaxation and peace therefore, by
creating such type of development issues it will affect the travel and tourism within the country
so that it influenced the economic growth of country.
Also, it can be stated that development of such type of luxury hotel at natural and
heritage location will diminish the importance of such sites and thus affects the soil of the region.
Therefore, it is essential for government to take strong action against such type of growth and
development in order to overcome the possible conflicts of conserving the heritage and cultural
resources within Lhasa. Constructing Intercontinental luxury hotel for international guests
develops conflicts as it will decrease the heritage of Tibet and thus lessen the occupancy of local
people as many of them are illiterate (Reid and Bojanic, 2010). Therefore, London based NGO
started a campaign Free Tibet from such development that will affect its heritage and culture.
Also, an international campaign started that states to boycott the International hotel group to not
build hotel in Lhasa as it affect the local people of the region. The main reason behind such
protests is that such big international hotel chain will sell the brand image of Tibet as an ancient
Tibetan culture and the local people will not be offered good opportunities as they are not literate
properly. Here, the State Government is required to take possible action in order to avoid the
conflicts and thus conserve the natural and world heritage of Lhasa. However, it helps in
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attracting wide range of tourists to visit the destination and influence by such heritage and
cultural sites (Grant, 2010).
TASK 2 UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE OF HERITAGE AND
CULTURAL ATTRACTIONS WITHIN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM
SECTOR
2.1 The purpose of heritage and cultural attractions within the travel and tourism sector
Heritage and cultural attraction is a significant part of the developing tourism within
region. Thus helps the region in creating wide and effective impact on the overall growth and
development through increasing tourist visitors. The case study mentions the resistance of local
people in developing Tibet as a tourist site to save the cultural value and heritage of the region.
This resulted the country in losing a significant chance of social and economic development.
Moreover the interest of British investor in developing a heritage site within the country was to
develop effective growth of the company. The major purpose of cultural attraction for these
heritage sites helps in educating them about archaeological sites and values. It also helps in
recreating tourism measures within the economy.
Here, in the part of the study the heritage and cultural attraction that involves museums in
order to meet the needs of varied clients. However, taking a trip to British museum and Natural
History Museum helps in providing great observation and experiences to individual of different
age groups. The main purpose of such museum is to provide detailed information about the
ancient and historic sculptures so that todays and coming generation could enhance their
knowledge regarding their past (Barney, 2010). Further, it depends upon the type of tourists that
visit to the museum that involves students, scientists, families and media. They visit the place
with different motives such as education, research, recreation or entertainment. Therefore, ti is
essential for museum to fulfill the needs of every target group and provides them detailed
information regarding their heritage and culture (Nightingale, 2011).
The British museum is a museum that involves the ancient history, art, culture etc. which
is located in London. However, such museum attracts art and history students or research
scholars to visit the museum and gain information about history and art. However, it assists in
meeting the needs of different customers so that income can be generated that helps in expanding
the museum. Also, different specialist groups visit the place in order to enhance their information
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and knowledge regarding ancient history of art and human (Timothy, 2011). However, such
museums help effectively in meeting the needs of varied customers and satisfy them regarding
their visit to the particular place. For instance, if any research students of art or culture need to
improve its learning or carry out further research on certain art and culture specific helps in
developing their experience and observation from such trip to museum in order to satisfy their
needs. Therefore, it can be stated that such type of museum contains a lot of information and
knowledge which helps research scholars to develop heritage and cultural attractions and meet
the needs of varied people (Underberg-Goode, 2014).
Illustration 1: British Museum
(Source: Collison and Spears, 2010)
Furthermore, The Natural History Museum is another prestigious and eminent museum
that involves natural history, a wide range of specimens from different segment of natural
history. It is also famous for its exhibition of dinosaur skeletons and architecture. The museum
library contains varied books, journals and manuscripts on scientific departments that effectively
attract scientists and literature students (Dahles, 2013). Thus, it assists in satisfying the needs of
research students in order to carry out their further research on natural history. It also attracts the
children and family segment people who are traveling as it exhibits the skeletons of dinosaur that
attracts children and families.
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Illustration 2: Natural History Museum
(Source: George, 2010)
Such type of museums helps tourists to spend their time and entertain themselves. Also, it
helps in collecting varied information about art and literature so that researchers and scientists
can carry out their further studies. It also helps media to telecast a separate show regarding
ancient history and architecture with the help of museum so that individual can enhance their
knowledge. However, such type of heritage and cultural attractions helps in satisfying the needs
of consumers through providing them detailed information regarding the history and culture.
Furthermore, it is crucial for government to spend their resources in building such museums so
that it satisfies the needs of varied target market such as philosophers, architecture, scientists,
families, children as well as media (Giudici and et. al., 2013). It provides varied types of
attractions that attracts individual to entertain and recreation themselves in order satisfy their
needs. It is the best place for families and children as they visit Natural History Museum and
collect information regarding ancient history and dinosaur skeleton that attracts them. Thus, the
purpose of such heritage and cultural museum assists in improving the travel and tourism sector
within country (Harvey, 2001).
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