UK College Business: Management Operations Report for Tesco - HND

This report provides a detailed analysis of management and operations within Tesco, a multinational retail company. It begins by differentiating between the roles of leaders and managers, highlighting their respective functions and characteristics within the organization. The report then delves into various leadership theories and models, including situational leadership and contingency theory, and their application within Tesco's operational context. Key approaches to operations management, such as Six Sigma, are examined, along with the roles that leaders and managers play in their implementation. The importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives are discussed, followed by an exploration of factors within the business environment that impact operational management and decision-making. The report uses the provided Tesco case study to illustrate these concepts, offering insights into the company's strategies and practices. The study is based on the BTEC HND Business assignment brief, covering unit 4 of Management and Operations.

MANAGEMENT
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Difference Between Leader and Manager.............................................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Roles and Functions of Leader and Manager........................................................................5
P3 Different Theories and Models of Approach.........................................................................6
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................8
P4 Key Approaches to Operations Management and Role that Leaders and Managers Play.....8
P5 Importance and Value of Operations Management in Achieving Business Objectives........9
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................11
P6 Factors Within Business Environment that Impact Upon Operational Management and
Decision-Making by Leaders and Managers.............................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Roles and responsibilities of leaders and managers is very different from one another in
any organization. Manager is one who controls all employees in company and a leader is one
who has a command on employees. Firms can work efficiently when company has a strong
manager and leader base for themselves.
Tesco is a multinational company and as of 2019 business is having 6,800 stores and
products establishment is dealing are supermarket, hypermarket, convenience shop and
superstore. Revenue generated as of 2019 is £63,911 and net income of company is £1,320. It is
ninth largest retailers in world by revenues and third largest retailer by gross revenues. Study is
going to cover roles and characteristics of leader and managers with different theories and
approaches in context. Importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives. And factors within business environment that impact upon operational management
and decision-making by leaders and managers.
LO 1
P1 Difference Between Leader and Manager
Manager is one who controls and administer organizations functions and leader is one
who has a command on a group of people in organization.
Functions Manager Leader
Role Manager has a role in decision-
making of organization.
Administration and control over
employee's of firm is also done by
manager. Skills which are required
by a manager are managing
resources so that they can deal with
employees of establishment
correctly.
Command on employees or ground
staff is done by leaders.
Motivation, training, etc are given
to employees by leader so that
employees can match up to
standards of firm.
Visions and Goals Setting goals and targets is work of
manager in Tesco. Goals are set by
Leaders create a vision for firm so
that employees can have a clarity

them so that business will be able to
reach objectives management has
set. Goals are set after analysis of
internal and external factors in
establishment so that there are no
troubles in near coming.
in work which they need to
achieve. Getting a vision to reality
is work of leaders in firm (De
Roover, 2017). Leaders know how
to activate staff for something big
coming in organization.
Control risk and
take risk
Managers work for minimizing risk
factor in organization so that work
can happen smoothly and effectively
(Are, 2017). Managers have a
tendency to control problems or
avoid them so that company will not
have to face troubles in the future.
Leaders are willing to take risks
for establishment because they
know that failure is a step to a
successful path. Failure also
motivates employees further in
putting more efforts to find
success.
Build relationships
and build process
Managers focus on building structure
in process so that firm will find it
easier to achieve aim. This is done so
that there is a desired outcome from
functions which are taking place in
organization.
Whereas Leaders have to make
sure that they share a good and
healthy relationship with all staff
members of Tesco and also
members with each other so that
there is an understanding and
conflicts can be minimized so that
environment remains flushed to
work in.
Grow personally
and proven skills
Managers do have a unique skill but
work from experience they have had
or from role models they ideal.
Existing skills and proven behavior
are what managers believe in so that
firm can benefit from that factor.
There is no change in methods and
measures managers take for firm.
Leaders always look forward to
learning something which will add
to personal and professional
growth of them (Heizer, Render
and Munson, 2017). It is very
important for growth so that
employees can also learn new
skills and ideas so that company

Managers do not have any direct
control on staff therefore they have
their own skills and methods of
working.
will be able to benefit from it.
Employees have to have right-
thinking and necessary to think for
benefit of organization only then
business will able to achieve their
goals. Unique identity is what
leaders have to create for
themselves so that employees look
up to leaders and accept control
leaders have on them.
Long haul and
short term
Managers work on short term goals,
and they have to achieve those in
time they have been given by
management to them.
Promises which are made by
leaders are what they follow, and
they also motivate themselves and
staff under them so that objective
can be met faster.
LO 2
P2 Roles and Functions of Leader and Manager
Both leader and manager have different roles in situations which come up in an
organization therefore it is very important to learn and analysis working of the two. Henry
Fayol's theory model can explain different roles and functions of two in situational context.
Different situation which come up in Tesco are staff turnover and technological changes which
would be discussed in further report.
In any firm there are a lot of technological changes which are coming up and it is very
important to get these changes in firm because they increase production and make organization
have a lot of benefits (Hill and Hill, 2017). Managers role and function in this context would be
that they have to get a technology in company which will make maximum from change.
Managers will not see if employees are going to be friendly with change, but they look at it from
a longer run in market. Tesco has a set of objectives which organization must achieve therefore it
is very important for firm to get changes as and when required. Control on employees that

technological changes are being used in company effectively so that demand of customers can be
met. Whereas leader has to make sure that team which is working under them is motivated
enough to accept changes which managers and management of firm are getting. Staff of Tesco is
always updated about changes which are coming in business so that they can cope with them
from time to time. Leaders of Tesco are very active and experienced which makes company have
a competitive advantage in market. Technological awareness in employees must be increased so
that employee knows reason behind managers getting in technological changes in company so
rapidly.
Managers take care of staffing turn over in an organization. Managers must have right
knowledge to hire right people in organization so that business can benefit from it which will
make firm have a standard for themselves. To have a smooth running of firm managers hire right
skilled employees for work in organization. Managers have to know their employees working
capabilities so that decision-making in firm is better. Turn over of staff is also because of
reasons which are not being fulfilled by company which is making staff leave organization
(Sparks, 2019). Managers must understand that factor before making any decision for firm so
that employee turn over can be managed. Tesco's manager make sure that they are doing best for
employees of firm so that they can feel comfortable working which will make staff stay in
organization for longer. Leaders must motivate employees of firm from time to time so that they
do not feel like resigning establishment. Having loyal employees is a very important factor for
Tesco because that will make standards of firm be met all time and Tesco will be able to have
standard for themselves. Employees must have a clear visions for company in front of them so
that they can make most from it. New employee have to be friendly with environment and proper
training is supposed to be given by leader of Tesco. Guidance with all employees need have to be
given by leader of company so that they are aware of what Tesco is expecting out of them.
P3 Different Theories and Models of Approach
Situational leadership theory involves four leadership styles which are directing,
delegating, supporting and coaching. In Tesco leaders have this basic knowledge about all styles
of leadership so that they can take right measures according to situation which comes in front of
them (Hübner and et.al., 2018). Leaders make sure that employees who are working in Tesco
have right knowledge and clarity of work so that they can make company have a standard for

themselves. Support is also required by team and leader must help employees when and where
required so that objective can be achieved and employees to learn something new which will
help in personal and professional growth. Leaders must be able to give employees right work for
them in which they are skilled so that work can be finished professionally and that will help
employees to work effectively and firm to achieve objectives.
System leadership is a creation of a condition which enables people who are working
together to have a productivity in work they are doing to their potential. Understanding of human
behavior will enable leaders to make good leadership, organizational strategy, social process and
system design (Prahlad and Pawar, 2016). It is very important for leader to make right decisions
for employees because leaders have to take out best from employees and that is a very important
work of employees. Leaders learn from there mistakes which will help them to improve in next
measure they are making in firm. There are a lot of targets which are set in organization which
leaders have to make sure that employees are following them otherwise they will be answerable

to managers of Tesco. In system leadership there is a more clarity in work which is very
important in employees of Tesco so that they can make decisions easily for benefit of everyone.
Contingency theory is for managers of Tesco which have to analysis internal and
external factors of company before they make any decisions for business. Contingency is that
there is a dependency in organization which affects decisions of company therefore it is very
important for business to make decisions accordingly (Nguyen and et.al., 2017). Managers of
Tesco always make decisions for benefit of firm which will help company to get a lot of benefit.
Managers have to make sure that decisions they are making is in favour of employee's which will
be accepted and will be easily implied in organization. There are set of standards which Tesco
has made for them over time and it is very important for Tesco to maintain that so that company
will be able to grow faster and better. Managers of Tesco have a good experience and knowledge
in making decisions for company which is making establishment get a lot of competitive
advantage in market.
LO 3
P4 Key Approaches to Operations Management and Role that Leaders and Managers Play
Six Sigma
Six sigma is a process which helps in improving organization in a lot of ways possible.
Internal and external factors have a lot of factors which are influencing company and it is very
important for analysing factors and then making decisions for organization. These steps are very
important for making company have a better understanding for problem which comes in front of
company so that they can first define problem accordingly know how to go about it so that they
can solve trouble professionally which is a very important factor for organization. Six sigma
helps in improving quality of products which are being provided to customers of firm. Quality
does make a lot of difference in company and it is very important for company to have
improvement since competition in market is increasing (Davidson and Olsen III, 2016). Waste
which is being let out of company also has to be controlled. Manager has to take measures
according to waste company is producing and make sure proper steps are being taken by
managers for company's growth. Leaders have to make sure that decisions which have been
taken by managers of Tesco are being followed by employees so that output of company is under
control and is making environment of company and surroundings better.

Lean Manufacturing
Lean manufacturing originated in Japan so reducing waste which industries in country
were letting out. Lean manufacturing focuses on factors which help company reduce waste
output so that they can contribute to making environment of world under control. Role of
manager in this process is that they have to make sure that lean process Tesco has taken is being
accepted by all employees of company so that working of company is better. There are
improvements which are taking place in lean manufacturing process of Tesco because company
is improving quality of products and increasing products in market as well which is making
company not be able to follow process properly (Haimelin and et.al., 2017). Leaders make sure
that employees are being there best for making this process successful so that changes in
company can take place better and that will help company have a better environment in market
and internal factors of company can be balanced.
Just In Time
Tesco is using just in time method so that they are not wasting materials which are
coming in company (Davidson and Olsen III, 2017). Wastage which company is making is being
minimized so that management can save on cost and not order more than expected. Tesco is
trying to get only material which will fulfil demand of customers and not anything extra.
This way managers can save a lot of cost and that is very beneficial for company. Leaders have
to prepare a report as to what materials are required by company so that that exact material can
come in organization so that there is a growth overall. Leaders make sure that firm is not
spending on input as much as output in company and business is improving on a lot of factors in
company so that they can make a profit in market. Through this process there is a control on
company better by managers so that competitive advantage in market can increase which is a
very important factor for Tesco.
P5 Importance and Value of Operations Management in Achieving Business Objectives
It is very important for management to make sure that they are doing best for company
and decisions they are making are in favour of company (Hassan, Parvez and Ekiz, 2019). Role
of management in company is very important and Tesco has a very good management team with
them which is experienced and skilled for this kind of work.

 Cost- Management makes sure that cost of company is being saved and company is
making right decisions for expansion of company so that company can make more
profits. Managers make reports which will help organization to save a lot of cost-cutting
in company with the best quality of outcome which is a very important factor for
organization. Tesco has a lot of future plans which company needs to achieve and for
that to happen it is very important for managers to cut cost for raw material which is
coming in company and increase prices of products which customers are demanding for
most. Managers know how to make decisions which are very beneficial for company and
that is being a great advantage for company because they are not losing on customers
which are coming in company (Deval and et.al., 2018).
 Labour- Management of Tesco make sure that leaders under them are motivated and
have a clarity of work they should be doing in company so that they can work for
benefit of company. It is very important for managers that leaders, and they have a good
relationship and have a good communication with them so that any changes coming in
company then leaders will be able to get them into reality very quickly. Labour has to
work as a team which managers must make sure because they all should share
objectives they have for company so that company will be able to achieve goals faster.
 Objectives- Managers set objectives for employees and leaders which are got by
management of company. Manager breaks targets down for leaders so that they can work
more efficiently and will be able to make changes in company very quickly. Manager
has to make sure that employees who are working in form are reaching objectives which
company is expecting out of them otherwise manager must make sure that leaders do
right job with employees so that objectives of company can be met.
 Resources- There are limited resources in world therefore managers try using resources
very little so that they can make most out of them and that customers are satisfied and so
is organization (Davidson and Olsen III, 2019). Manager must know what resources are
being used and how they are being used in company so that manager can make changes
in company accordingly which is a very important factor.
 Productivity- Managers have to make sure that productivity of employees is meeting
demand of customers which is a very important factor for Tesco (Madsen, Falk and
Suter, 2017). Tesco has a good productivity in organization because leaders always

motivate employees working in company to give there personal best so that company
and employees can benefit from this working. There is a professional and a personal
development with employees and company get from work they are doing for reaching
demand of customers.
LO 4
P6 Factors Within Business Environment that Impact Upon Operational Management and
Decision-Making by Leaders and Managers
Corporate Social Responsibilities
Tesco is one of few companies which is making sure that they are protecting
environment with industry they are in, and they are improving products in a way that is not
leaving out a lot of waste. Managers of company make sure that there are proper measures which
company is taking for making this factor under control so that they can make company have a
better name in market for themselves (Vallabhaneni and Kumarasamy, 2017). Leaders have a
major role in this because they make a report of waste which is going out of company, and they
make suggestions to managers to reduce waste which is going out of company. Managers and
leaders must have a proper communications so that changes in company can come faster and can
be implemented in organization in a better way.
Business Ethics
Managers have to be updated about changes which are being made in industry regarding
government policies and employees who are leaving company. There is a lot of discrimination
which is taking place in company which Tesco is taking care of because managers of company
are making sure that leaders are paying attention to this factor as will and all employees in
company are being treated equally which is a very important factor. Leaders have to make
internal environment of company worth living in only then employees will work to standards and
expectations of organization and that is only in control of leaders with control of managers of
Tesco (Loeb, Lee and Neff, 2018). The managers and the leaders of the company take care of the
factor of the ethics which Tesco is following so that they can make a place for themselves in the
market and the company will be able to function better and more efficiently.
Value

Tesco have their own set of values for customers and employees who are working in
company and it is very important for managers and leaders to make that come into practical use.
There are a lot of factors which can be included in this factor such as team unity, equality,
fixture, utility, etc (Fernie and Sparks, 2018). Tesco has all value very clear and managers make
sure that employees are being treated right way so that company can make maximum profit in
market. Values can make company grow their economic factor very quickly because they have a
stability in market which will help company have a lot of profit.
Culture
Tesco has a very enterprise culture in organization which is making company have a
great advantage in market (Vallabhaneni and Kumarasamy, 2018). Tesco is making managers
and leaders work together and it is because of culture of organization that company is making a
lot of profit in market so that they all can work as a team. Employees have a unity in company
therefore company is finding it easy for achieving goals and aims of organization. Employees are
satisfied with company they are working in because they are being valued for work they are
doing, and they are also being appropriated for same. The visions, mission, objectives and goals
of Tesco are very clear therefore it is very easy for the company to work because on the ground
level the leader take care of the culture of the organization and on the upper grounds the
managers makes sure that the leaders are following that.
CONCLUSION
From the above study we have come to a conclusion that Tesco is having a lot of
improvement not just for the customers but also the employees who are working in the company.
It is very important for Tesco or any other company in the market for making the managers and
the leaders work together so that the company can reach their objectives and aims very quickly.
The difference in roles and responsibilities of the manager and the leader are different, but they
have to do this in Tesco so that there is no work load on just one person and the work is being
done faster. The employees turn over has also reduced in the company because the treatment all
the employees are getting are good and that will make the company have a better understanding
for themselves.

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