Application of Network Fundamentals to Network Design Report

This report presents a comprehensive design for a local area network (LAN) within an organization, addressing the needs of general support, marketing, and sales departments across multiple floors. The design incorporates separate network segments for each department, interconnected to form the LAN. The report details the recommended wiring, including switches, routers, RJ-45 jacks, internet access points, fiber optic cables, and Cat7 Ethernet cables, explaining the rationale behind each component's selection. The report also outlines the recommended network topology, a hybrid of star and ring topologies, and the Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) network protocol. Floor plans are included to illustrate the physical layout of the network devices. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of the designed LAN for communication, internet access, email services, and resource sharing to reduce operational costs. The report provides references to relevant literature on network administration and design.

NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS.
Submitted to
[lecture name]
Application Of Network Fundamentals To Network Design
[Date]
By
[Student name]

Contents
The Design of local area network solution..................................................................................................2
Type of recommended local area network wiring.......................................................................................3
i. Switches...........................................................................................................................................3
ii. Routers............................................................................................................................................3
iii. RJ-45 jacks pins................................................................................................................................4
iv. Internet access points:.....................................................................................................................4
v. Fiber optic cables.............................................................................................................................4
vi. Cat7 Ethernet cables........................................................................................................................5
The type of recommended local area network topology and protocol.......................................................6
i. Physical Hybrid Topology (star topology and ring topology.)..........................................................6
ii. Fiber Distributed Data Interface network protocol..........................................................................7
Floor plans for each floor............................................................................................................................7
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................8
References.................................................................................................................................................10
The Design of local area network solution.

This report is about the designing of local area network in an organization however there are three
major departments in the organization namely general support, marketing, and sales departments.
These departments will be interconnected together to form the local area network; however since they
are in the separate floors each department will have its network segment and then will be joined
together [1].
The network to be installed will require to have access to internet therefore internet access devices
will be installed in each and every network section, to enable the intranet services in this network there
will be all network will be configured and a WEB/HTTP server will be installed and it will be located in
the general support department .
However the network will require support of email services the network will be installed a E-Mail
server and will also be located in operation department.
Below is the design for the recommended local area network.

Type of recommended local area network wiring.
The local area network as shown in the above network design diagram indicates the connection
made between the various network segments. During the network design there was wiring that was
done to link the various components, however the equipments used for the network wiring includes:
i. Switches.
The wiring cannot be complete without use of the switch devices, however these devices has a total
of 24 ports and therefore allow the connection of many devices to it, however the switches were used in
each department where two or one switches were linked to one switch in order to accommodate the
number of devices in that section in the general operations there were three switches where two were
used to connect the computer end devices while third one connected to the network router [2].
The sales department there was also three switches used to connect the end devices and the router
connected to the router, while in the marketing department there were two switches one used to
connect the computers and the other one connected the computer’s switch with the router,
ii. Routers.
The routers are other types of devices and they are connected to the switches that form the
departments subnets ,however these routers are then linked to other routers in the other department
which will from the entire Local Area Network and through these routers users in the different network
can communicate through E-mail or intranet connections.
iii. RJ-45 jacks pins.
These are other components that are used to connect the end devices to the switches or the
switches to the routers they have the male and female jack connection according to the type of the
connection.
iv. Internet access points:
The access point were used to do the internet connectivity to the users where each department was
allocated the a internet access point to enable internet connections.
v. Fiber optic cables.
The fiber optic cables are also used to do the connection between the departments routers, this will
help to offer a high speed internet access and hence better internet and intranet connectivity.

The optic fiber cable was recommended to be used for the connection between the departments
due to the following reasons.
a) Great data Bandwidth
The fiber optic cable will enable quick and simple transmission of data since it can carry more data
than any other type of medium. Copper cables were originally designed for voice transmission and have
a limited bandwidth [3].
b) High transmission Speeds
The fiber optic cable uses the light principals to do data transmission and its transmission speed
exceed the one for the cat 5 and 6 since the signals hardly get degraded during the transmission.
c) Can transmit for longer distances.
The fiber optic cables also are good since the data signals can be transmitted for very long distance
without loss for even 25kms.
d) Highly Reliable
The fiber optic cable cannot be affected by variation of the climate or change in temperature and
also there are no chances of having interference since it do not transmit signals electronically therefore
it posses more reliability in the network.
e) it is more Flexible in case of future expansion
In case the network expansion the fiber optic cable will be easy to extend and the current network
will also be included without any network failure.
vi. Cat7 Ethernet cables
The cat 7 Ethernet cable is a type of cable that was used to connect the computers ,and the
internet access points to the switches in the different departments which are then connected to the
routers .However this type of cable was used due to the various advantages associated to it.
a) High bandwidth.
The cat 7 Ethernet cable has high speed and rate in terms of transmitting the data in various
locations where it can be able to transmit at a rate of 600MHz.

b) High shield ability.
This cable also has other properties where it is bale to shield any interference which is external and
thus no chance of distorting the data signals.
c) Bulk and not easily bent.
The network cable is more strong and no one can be able to bend it and thus it is safe from any
physical damage .
d) More durable.
This Ethernet cable has a very long life span where it can be used for more than twenty years
without any damage unless the network will be upgraded or changed.
e) Compatibility with other devices.
This network cable is also very good since the upgrade from the old version of cables do not require
replacement but it needs the connection since this cable is compatible with all network cables.

The type of recommended local area network topology and protocol.
The local area network design will require a topology that will guide on the physical layout of the
local area network however, there will be also the protocol used that will be guiding on how the
network components will be communicating with each other. Below are the respective topologies and
protocols [4].
i. Physical Hybrid Topology (star topology and ring topology.)
This is the topology that will be used, this is because the network in the department level is in star
topology which is made after linking the end devices to one router then all these routers are linked to
the routers which are then linked to the other devices to form a ring topology as in figure below.
ii. Fiber Distributed Data Interface network protocol.
In this network will however use FDDI type of network protocol where the three different
departments has routers that link them then since all these routers are linked to each other in a circular
manner the resulting protocol is FDDI which is represented by use of two rings and since it is
appropriate for long distance it will fit this network [5].
This protocol is appropriate since there will be data transmission even after the network
breakage since signals will be transmitted through the next ring which is not broken, however this
network is also best due to speed of up to 100MBps because it uses the fiber optic cables [7].

Floor plans for each floor.
In order to install the network there is need to have a map of the plan; this will indicate the
location of the various devices in the floor of the three departments [6].
Below is the diagram of the physical plan of this network:

Conclusion
The organization local area network designing takes various aspects where there are three
segments of the network where the second floor is the general operation department, while the second
first floor is the marketing and sales department.
This network is implemented by joining separate network segments for all these networks where
each segment has a network router that connects to the other networks, however the major network
components used for wiring and connection is the switches which links the computers in the
department level ,routers that connect the network to other departments ,and RJ-45 jack pin that was
used to link the devices to the switches or routers,
However among the cables used were the fiber optic cable that was used to link the routers to the
other departments and the cat 7 Ethernet cables that was used to link switches to the routers and then
end devices to the switches.
For the purpose of implementation the hybrid topology was used where the switch connected the
departments in a star topology and then the routers were connected as a ring hence the topology used
is the hybrid topology, however the Fibber Distributed Data Interface network protocol is the topology
that was used to guide the network communication and the most important thing is it speed which is
quite high.
Therefore the network is very important for every organization since it assists in the process
communication, internet access, E-mail services and sharing of other resources in the network in order
to cut on the operation cost.

References.
[1] A.Thomas,The Practice of System and Network Administration, New York:Addison-
Wesley Professional.
[2] D.Jeff,Routing TCP/IP, London: Cisco Press.,2016.
[3].D.Kevin, Cisco IOS Cookbook, New York: O'Reilly Media,2015.
[4] E.Douglas, Internetworking with TCP/IP Principles, Protocols, and Architecture, New York:
Prentice Hall,2015.
[5] K.James , Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach, Toronto:Pearson
publishers,2014.
[6].L.John,Computer Architecture:A Quantitative Approach,New York:Morgan Kaufmann
publishers ,2015.
[7] S.Andrew,TCP/IP Network Administration Craig Hunt Computer,New Yorj: O'Reilly
Media,2014.