Online Health Monitoring System: Project Implementation and Testing

This project report details the development of an online health monitoring system. It encompasses project implementation, including system architecture utilizing wearable sensors, Android devices, and a multi-tier architecture. Database development involves SQLite for internal storage and online MySQL for cloud-based data management. The interface design utilizes a web interface with modules for patient data, alarming messages, user management, and location records. The project also outlines a comprehensive testing strategy, including testing of wearable sensors, system integration testing, and database testing. A critical evaluation is provided, including lessons learned, project planning considerations, and the importance of healthcare services. The project also includes a discussion on the Internet of Things (IoT), soft skills, alternative steps of action, and recommendations for additional features. The report concludes with a value proposition and references. The system aims to provide real-time monitoring of vital signs, enabling remote patient management and improved healthcare outcomes, using RAD methodology and PMBOK for project management.

Online Health Monitoring System
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Project Implementation, Project Testing, and Critical
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Online Health Monitoring System
Table of Contents
Introduction..............................................................................................................................................2
Project Implementation............................................................................................................................2
System Architecture.............................................................................................................................2
Database Development........................................................................................................................4
SQLite..............................................................................................................................................4
Online MySQL................................................................................................................................4
Interface Design...................................................................................................................................5
Modules of the Interface..................................................................................................................5
User Interface...................................................................................................................................6
Hosting Options...................................................................................................................................7
Project Testing.........................................................................................................................................7
Testing Strategy...................................................................................................................................7
Testing Methods..................................................................................................................................8
Testing of Wearable Sensors and Android-based Devices..............................................................8
System Integration Testing (SIT)..................................................................................................10
Regression Testing.........................................................................................................................10
Database Testing............................................................................................................................11
Alpha, Beta, and Acceptance Testing............................................................................................11
Planning & Application of the Tests..................................................................................................11
Test Scope......................................................................................................................................11
Test Tools......................................................................................................................................11
Defect Management.......................................................................................................................12
Test Roles & Responsibilities........................................................................................................12
Test Reports & Results......................................................................................................................13
Critical Evaluation.................................................................................................................................14
Lessons Learnt...................................................................................................................................14
Project Planning & Management...................................................................................................14
Criticality of the Healthcare Services............................................................................................15
Internet of Things (IoT).................................................................................................................16
Soft Skills.......................................................................................................................................16
Alternative Steps of Action................................................................................................................16
Acceptance of Deliverables...............................................................................................................17
Additional Features Recommended...................................................................................................18
Value Proposition..............................................................................................................................19
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................................19
References..............................................................................................................................................20
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Introduction
Healthcare has witnessed a massive transformation with the advancement in technology and there are
new web-based applications that are being developed. These applications have succeeded in
enhancing the quality and accuracy of health care services along with the health conditions of the
patients. One such application is online health monitoring system. The system will allow easy
monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and other health signs to remotely manage and maintain the
health. It will be integrated with the latest technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) and will be
capable of electronic records maintenance. Rapid Application Development (RAD) is the software
development methodology that will be followed in the design and development of the system and the
project will be managed used Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) as the project
management methodology.
The report covers the details of project implementation, project testing along with the critical
evaluation measures that shall be followed.
Project Implementation
There will be different stages that will be present in the implementation phase of the project. These
stages will include coding, database development, and interface design. The implementation phase of
the project will continue for 7-8 weeks and the details of the implementation are described below.
System Architecture
The system architecture that will be involved with the online health monitoring system will be a
multi-tier architecture.
The first tier of this system will include the interface for the patients. This interface will include a
series of wearable sensors in order to gather the medical and health information from the patients. It
will be necessary to ensure that the data of the health conditions of the patients is recorded in real-
time and is sent over to the medical team on an immediate basis. The system will allow the movement
of the data sets wirelessly with the aid of Bluetooth low energy. The second tier of the system, that is
an Android smartphone or a tablet will now come in to the picture. The Android enabled device will
extract the data sets as transferred from the wearable device and will be enabled with an inbuilt
wireless networking. This will allow the data to be shared on the web portal through any of the
mediums, such as Wi-Fi networks, GPRS, and likewise. The GPS technology present in the Android
enabled device will also keep a track of the location of the patients. The third tier of the system will
make use of SQLite and online MySQL as the database engines. The web portal will extract the data
and information sets from its internal database in the form of SQLite database engine. This will then
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be transferred to the online MySQL database for data storage, analysis and processing. The Wi-Fi
network will be used for the transfer of the data. The web portal will combine the data sets collected
from the patients and will display the same on the web interface which will be an interface for the
medical professionals. The location along with the demographic details of the patients will also be
showcased. The wearable devices available with the patients will be able to record the blood pressure,
heart rate, blood sugar and body temperature of the individuals. The system architecture that will be
used in the system has been illustrated in the figure below.
System Architecture (Kakria, Tripathi and Kitipawang, 2015)
The proposed system architecture will have the capability to make use of multiple sensors in order to
record the health signs of a large number of patients. The ability to use these sensors at the same time
will allow a simultaneous monitoring of the overall health condition and will also enhance the
accuracy of the results. The primary aim of the system is to develop a real-time system for providing
timely care to the patients.
Heart rate is one of the basic health sign that is required to be regularly monitored in a majority of
health conditions. The alterations in the heart rate can signify an abnormal physical condition or a
medical disorder as well. The wearable sensor that is used in the system will allow regular and real-
time monitoring of the heart rate. The system will also keep a track of the history of the heart rate of
every patient so that the monitoring of the health condition may be done with ease and accuracy
(Harsha, 2014).
Zephyr BT is one of the most popular wearable sensors for recording the heart rate of the patients and
the same will be integrated in the online health monitoring system in this case. The selection of the
same has been made as per the performance, usability, and cost that are associated with the sensor.
Bluetooth low energy allows the sensor to be durable and to be used with utmost accuracy. The sensor
is compatible with the latest Android versions and, therefore, will be integrated with the Android
smartphones and tablets being used in the current times.
Blood pressure, blood sugar, and body temperature are the other health signs that are necessary to
detect the physical condition and fitness of a patient. In case of a medical disorder or a physical
condition, there is an alteration in any of these parameters that is witnessed. The medical team and
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professionals record these signs to understand the possible health conditions that may be present. The
system will allow the real-time recording and monitoring of these health signs which will assist the
medical team in the diagnosis and treatment processes.
Database Development
SQLite
The internal database for the web portal will be SQLite for data storage and management. The
database engine will offer numerous benefits to the online health monitoring system as it will include
the following set of features.
 There is no configuration or installation required with SQLite and there is also no
administrator required for develop a new instance. The database works without such set-ups.
 There is no server process involved in SQLite and the entities that wish to access the database
read and write directly from the disk. It also allows multiple applications to simultaneously
access the database (Sqlite, 2018).
 The database makes use of a single database file and can be directly access from the directory
hierarchy. There is no additional file management involved in the database which makes it
easy to use.
 The database makes use of manifest type instead of static typing.
 Variable length records can be stored in the database.
The features that are stated above will ensure that the required data sets can be efficiently stored in the
online health monitoring system. The patient records may include structured or unstructured data of
varied data types that will be possible to store easily on the web portal to allow it to be transferred to
the medical team for analysis.
Online MySQL
The online health monitoring system will have huge data requirements as there may be hundreds and
thousands of patient records that may be stored and processed in a single day. Also, every patient will
have a corresponding medical history along with the medical reports. In order to store and process
such huge clusters of information, it would be necessary to make use of cloud database.
MySQL is a database engine that will offer cloud data storage with its online data storage, processing
and management abilities. There will be several advantages that will be offered by online MySQL to
the online health monitoring system in terms of excellent performance and scalability, rapid
connection handling, auto-sharding, enhanced security and availability (Oracle, 2011).
The back-up and recovery options that are provided by online MySQL are also abundant. These
options will make sure that the patient and medical data is always secure (Mysql, 2018).
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The use of this database engine in this system will go well with the software development
methodology as RAD. The dynamic data requirements will be easily met by the database engine in
this case.
Interface Design
Web interface that will be used in the online health monitoring system will make sure that the medical
professionals are provided with the medical data and status on a real-time basis. The interface will
demand the use to enter a login id and a password which will authenticate the medical professional
before presenting the medical information. This is due to the reason that the health information is
extremely sensitive and critical in nature and must not be shared with any unauthorized entity. The
login functionality will also make use of Single Sign On and One Time Passwords (OTP) to enhance
the access control. PHP framework will be used for the design of the web interface.
Modules of the Interface
Patient Data
The module comprises of the details of the patients in the form of health information and
demographic details. The wearable sensors capture the health signs of the patients in the real-time and
the medical history of the patient are then formed which assists in the process of diagnosis and
treatment (Patel, 2013).
Alarming Messages
It is necessary for the health signs and parameters to stay within the specified limit and the alterations
in these signs beyond the limits may be dangerous for the human health. The module comprises of
alarming messages and alerts in the case of non-adherence to the threshold values. There may be
physical conditions, such as fever, hypertension and likewise that may be present which may require
medical assistance (Rahman, 2017).
The generation of the alarming messages in this system is based on data visualization, statistics, and
notification. The JAVA framework will be used to design this interface that will make use of
polymorphism for the required scalability. The threshold values will be fed in the interface and the
generation of the alarms and alerts will be based on the results of the comparison.
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Threshold values for alarming system
The alarming mechanism that will be installed in the system will be based on the threshold values as
depicted in the figure above. These values are set on the basis of varied age groups. These values will
also assist the patients in self-care and determination of the health conditions on their own.
User Management
The diagnosis of the patients will be done by the medical team which will comprise of the medical
professionals with different skills and abilities. This module will allow these medical professionals to
access the patient information in an authorized manner. The medical professionals will be able to
fetch the details of every patient using a unique patient id and they will be assigned a user id to access
the details (Zhong-ji, Zhiqiang and Yan-bin, 2012). The system will maintain the user and access logs
for tracking purpose.
Location Records
The Android enabled device will allow the system to keep a track of the location of the patient using
GPS technology. This will allow the medical professionals to provide urgent care to the critically ill
patients. It will also enable the medical team to send the ambulance on the specified patient location
to ensure that there is no time wasted in fetching the address details.
User Interface
The User Interface (UI) of the online health monitoring system will be design as per the responsive
web design (RWD) principles. These principles will make sure that all of the system screens and
pages are consistent in terms of the layout, color scheme, and look & feel. The navigation and
scrolling on the screens will be kept simple and there will be no over-loading of the colors. The
system will also be designed keeping error resolution in perspective. The majority of the users of the
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system will not have a strong technical background and therefore, they may commit an error while
operating the system (Subic, 2014). The system will be enabled with easy error resolution processes
and there will also be simple rollback options provided.
The users may access the system on their Android Smartphones or tablets. The resolution of both of
these gadgets have a remarkable difference and it will be necessary for the system to behave as per the
user action, such as transition to the portrait or landscape mode with auto-scaling abilities and
likewise. The system will, therefore, make use of scalable images and graphics (Mystechdynamics,
2017).
Hosting Options
Dedicated web server shall be used as a hosting option for the online health monitoring system. This
hosting option will offer full control and resource utilization over the single server. This will also
ensure that maximum uptime is ensured for the web services. In case of the health monitoring system,
it will be required for the system to be always available for the patients and the medical team. This is
due to the reason that any delay in the health related services may prove to be fatal for the patients.
The dedicated hosting will make sure that there is no compromise on the system availability. Every
server will have a unique IP address assigned to it (Go, 2017). It will also be cost-effective in nature
as the costs of infrastructure and maintenance will come down.
Project Testing
Testing Strategy
The software development scheme that will be used in the case of online health monitoring system
will be Rapid Application Development (RAD).
RAD Process (Naveen, 2018)
The development methodology will involve testing phase as one of the critical and significant phases
of the entire process.
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A test strategy is defined as the general steps that will be followed in the testing of a specific system
or software. In the case of online health monitoring system, a bottom-up test strategy will be
followed.
In this particular strategy of software testing, the lower level modules are tested followed the modules
that are higher in the hierarchy. The modules at the lowest level of the online health monitoring
system will comprise of the specific interfaces, such as alarming mechanism, user management,
patient recording system and likewise. The functioning of these modules at the bottom level shall be
validated and verified as per the testing methods specified in the next section (Sqa, 2018).
These modules shall then be integrated and tested to understand the functioning of the system as a
whole followed by the testing of the final module.
Testing Methods
Testing of Wearable Sensors and Android-based Devices
The basic approach and technology that will be followed in the online health monitoring system will
be Internet of Things (IoT). The wearable sensors and Android devices will be included in the system
along with the database, wireless networks, and web portal. The testing methods that will be applied
on the wearable sensors and Android devices are explained below.
Usability
 The usability of all the wearable sensors along with that of the Android devices integrated
with the system must be tested.
 The wearable sensors shall be portable so that the patients must record their health signs from
any location.
 The sensors must be enabled with the push notifications for the activities along with errors
messages and warnings.
 The logs associated with all of the devices must be recorded and must be stored in the
database for future tracking and monitoring purpose.
 The readability of the content on the device shall be validated so that the users must
understand the necessary steps of action that they must execute.
IoT Security
 The security of the various devices integrated in the IoT-based system shall be validated in
terms of the access control and authentication measures used.
 The measures used for the maintenance of data integrity along with the protection of data
privacy and confidentiality shall also be validated (Softwaretestinghelp, 2017).
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 One of the necessary mechanisms for data protection is the encryption of the data sets. All the
wearable sensors and Android devices must encrypt the data before its transfer.
 Password protection must be enabled on all the devices.
Connectivity
 The online health monitoring system will be required to be available at all times. The
connectivity of the system shall be validated on the basis of the two scenarios described
below.
 The data transfer to and from the devices must be validated so that the patients may
be able to record their health signs on the wearable sensors and must also be able to
forward the same on the Android devices. The connection shall be UP in this case
(Kukkuru, 2017).
 There may be chances of a system breakdown or network lags that may take place in
spite of the enhanced robustness of the system. The system shall be usable in the
offline conditions as well. The users shall receive an alert in such a scenario and they
must be able to manually monitor the health signs and conditions. The data that is fed
by the users in the offline mode shall be stored in the database as soon as the system
is connected to the network again. There shall be no data loss in such a scenario.
Performance
 For a health monitoring system, performance of the system is an essential system quality that
must be tested and validated.
 The performance of the system for multiple users and multiple devices shall be tested in terms
of increased load.
 The response and throughput time for less and increased number of users shall be recorded
and must also be compared to understand the system performance (Tvs, 2018).
 Monitoring utility tool shall also be used to monitor the performance of all the sensors and the
devices engaged in the system.
Compatibility Testing
In the online health monitoring system, there will be varied devices that will be integrated with each
other. A compatibility testing will be necessary to understand the functioning and compatibility
between the different browser types, operating systems, and likewise.
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Pilot Testing
It is the testing method in which the system is provided to the real-time users to explore the
functionalities and provide the feedback.
In the case of online health monitoring system, the set of users to carry out pilot testing must comprise
of patients, medical professionals, and database administrators. They must use the system and report
any of the suspicious activity along with their comments for improvement of the system.
Regulatory Testing
Healthcare sector is required to adhere to a specific set of standards and processes. The regulatory
testing methods on the wearable sensors and devices must make sure that the regulatory requirements
are met. These shall be integrated in parallel to the design and development activities so that massive
re-work is avoided at the advanced stages. The regulatory checklist shall be validated and verified
after the design of every module (Afourtech, 2018).
Upgrade Testing
There will be time to time upgrades that will be installed in one or the other device present in the
online health monitoring system.
Once any of the device is updated, the response of the connected devices and the modules shall be
validated.
System Integration Testing (SIT)
There are several functional specifications that the online health monitoring system is required to
meet. These functionalities and features will be tested in this testing method.
There will be functional test cases that shall be designed with an estimated response against every test
case. The actual response shall then be matched with the estimated value and there must not be any
gaps.
The system will have different functionalities, such as ability to record the health signs of the patient,
ability to extract medical reports from the system, ability to manage and update the user accounts,
ability to transfer the data, and many more. All of these functionalities will be independently tested in
this phase along with the testing of the system as a whole.
Regression Testing
There will be bugs and defects that will be present in the system and will be highlighted in the test
processes as described above.
The development team will be provided with the responsibility to resolve all of such bugs and provide
the test team with a new build of the system.
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