SPSS Analysis of Mood Effects on False Memories: Dissertation Report

This report presents the results and discussion section of a psychology dissertation investigating the effect of mood manipulations (positive, neutral, and negative) on individuals' susceptibility to form false memories. The study employed an independent samples t-test to analyze the data, comparing memory recall under different mood conditions. The results, presented in SPSS tables, indicate that mood does not have a significant impact on memory recall. The analysis examines two videos, each played twice, and assesses the respondents' ability to recall specific details. The interpretation of the statistical findings, including p-values and confidence intervals, supports the acceptance of the null hypothesis, suggesting that factors beyond mood, such as depression, motivation, health, and education, play a more significant role in memory formation. The report concludes by summarizing the statistical outcomes and their implications, referencing relevant literature to support the analysis.

Dissertation: SPSS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......................................................................................................1
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

Research title: The effect of mood manipulations on individuals’ susceptibility to form false
memories
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Methods: With the motive to assess the influence of mood such as positive, neutral and
negative on memories independent sample t test has been applied by the researcher. The main
reasons behind the adoption of such tool are that it helps in determining the statistical differences
that take place between the independent groups such as people with different moods and their
memory level (Cronk, 2016).
Hypothesis
H0 (Null hypothesis): There is no significant difference takes place in the mean value of mood
and memory recall.
H1 (Alternative hypothesis): There is a significant difference takes place in the mean value of
mood and memory recall.
When first video is playing
T-Test
Group Statistics
mood N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
videoonefirsttimenameogbu
sinesstravel
>= 2 29 1.41 .501 .093
< 2 22 1.45 .510 .109
videotwofirstnameoftravelc
ompany
>= 2 29 1.59 .501 .093
< 2 22 1.45 .510 .109

Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality
of
Varianc
es
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed
)
Mean
Differen
ce
Std.
Error
Differen
ce
95%
Confidenc
e Interval
of the
Difference
Lowe
r
Uppe
r
videoonefirsttimenameogbusiness
travel
Equal
varianc
es
assume
d
.278.601-.28
6 49 .776 -.041 .143 -.328 .246
Equal
varianc
es not
assume
d
-.28
5
44.96
7 .777 -.041 .143 -.329 .247

videotwofirstnameoftravelcompa
ny
Equal
varianc
es
assume
d
.278.601.92
2 49 .361 .132 .143 -.155 .419
Equal
varianc
es not
assume
d
.92
0
44.96
7 .362 .132 .143 -.157 .420
Interpretation or analysis: The above depicted table shows that in the case of first video
adults whose mood is positive and negative given similar responses such as 1.4. This aspect
shows that both individuals with positive, neutral and negative mood has given appropriate
responses in relation to the asked question pertaining to the name of Travel Company such as
ABC. On the other side, when second time questions were asked by the researcher from
respondents then individuals with positive and neutral mood stated false answers. Whereas, when
similar video is played for second time then mean response of individuals with negative mood
accounts for 1.45 respectively. In addition to this, outcome generated through independent
sample t test exhibits that p value > 0.05. It means null hypothesis is accepted and other one is
rejected (George and Mallery, 2016). On the basis of such aspect it can be said that mood
positive, neutral or negative do not have significant impact on the memory. The rationale behind
this, along with the mood there are several factors that have greater influence of the memory of
adults include depression, motivation, health, education etc.
When second video is playing
T-Test
Group Statistics

mood N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error
Mean
victimwearingblackshoesv
ideotwo
>= 2 29 1.3448 .48373 .08983
< 2 21 1.3810 .49761 .10859
Victimwearingblackshoess
econdtimevideo
>= 2 29 1.4828 .50855 .09443
< 2 22 1.4091 .50324 .10729
Independent Samples Test
Levene
's Test
for
Equalit
y of
Varian
ces
t-test for Equality of Means
F Si
g.
t df Sig.
(2-
taile
d)
Mean
Differe
nce
Std.
Error
Differe
nce
95%
Confidenc
e Interval
of the
Difference
Low
er
Upp
er
victimwearingblackshoesvideot
wo
Equal
varian
ces
assum
ed
.25
2
.61
8
-.2
58 48 .798 -.03612 .14028 -.31
817
.245
92
Equal
varian
ces
not
assum
ed
-.2
56
42.5
16 .799 -.03612 .14093 -.32
042
.248
17

Victimwearingblackshoessecon
dtimevideo
Equal
varian
ces
assum
ed
.84
4
.36
3
.51
5 49 .609 .07367 .14314 -.21
398
.361
32
Equal
varian
ces
not
assum
ed
.51
5
45.6
11 .609 .07367 .14293 -.21
410
.361
44
Interpretation or analysis: Tabular presentation clearly entails that mean responses of
individuals with different mood accounts for 1.3 &1.4 respectively. The above mentioned table is
related to the second video in which question pertaining to the shoes color of victim has been
asked from respondents. In this, all the respondents with varied moods gave true responses. In
order to derive suitable information second video has also been played second time. Hence, in
the case of first time p value is .79 that is greater than the standard figure such as 0.05. On the
other side, when the same video was played for second time then p value accounts for .60
respectively. By taking into accounts all such aspects it can be presented that in both the cases
null hypothesis is true because p value is higher than 0.05. Hence, it can be depicted that
memory and mood level of individuals are not highly related to each other. Moreover, sometimes
due to having low level of motivation individuals faces difficulty in recognizing and memorizes
the same for long term. In addition to this, health level of individuals also has an impact on their
memory. Thus, from overall evaluation it can be entailed that mean values of mood and
responses pertaining to video do not have statistical difference.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Cronk, B. C., 2016. How to use SPSS®: A step-by-step guide to analysis and interpretation.
Routledge
George, D. and Mallery, P., 2016. IBM SPSS Statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and
reference. Routledge.