MATLAB Project: Automation of Transmission Line using Sample & Hold

This project details the automation of transmission lines using a Sample and Hold system implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. It addresses the complexities of traditional fault diagnosis techniques, such as multi-agent systems and SCADA, and proposes a solution to data delays in centralized systems. The project explores the implementation of Condition Monitoring Multi-agent System (COMMAS) for monitoring partial discharge activity in transformers, aiming to improve self-healing characteristics in transmission utilities. The contributor's role involved programming and calculation tasks, utilizing Java Net beans coding in MATLAB, simulating the model in Matlab/Simulink 2014a, and creating a flowchart of the project implementation. The project also discusses the challenges and benefits of a fully automated grid multi-agent system, focusing on radial topology networks and the use of Sample and Hold circuits for signal acquisition and visualization.

CE 1.1 Project Information
Name of the project: Transmission Line Automation considering Sample and Hold system
using MATLAB/Simulink
Location of the project: [PLEASE FILL]
Project Duration: [PLEASE FILL]
Organization: [PLEASE FILL]
Role and Designation during the time: [PLEASE FILL]
CE 1.2 Project Background
CE 1.2.1 Characteristics of the project
In this particular project, it mainly discusses about the process of transmission line
automation based on sample and hold system by doing MATLAB programming. The project
mainly discusses about various traditional fault diagnosis techniques like multi agent system,
SCADA systems, digital fault recorders and different other techniques. The main problem
discussed in this project is the complex power system network scenario due to which there
occurs delay because of lackage of availability of data in centralized system. Therefore, we have
developed this particular system in MATLAB platform with the help of which we used the
Sample and Hold circuit system for maintaining better self healing characteristics of transmission
utility. This project also discusses about the review of multiagent system along with its
implementation in power system. This fully automated grid mutiagent system presents also have
numbers of challenges along with some benefits also. However, for the monitoring of partial
discharge activity of transformers, the encapsulations of various classification techniques using

Condition Monitoring Multi-agent System (COMMAS) is done to identify defects of
transformers by doing both corroboration and collaboration.
CE 1.2.2 Objectives developed for the project
In order to develop this project successful and replace the traditional manual system with
automation technique with the help of Sample and Hold System, I have deduced some objectives
that needed to be achieved to accomplish the project work. All of these objectives are listed
below:
To Understand the criteria of fault that occurs in already used traditional system like
multi agent system, decentralized system and different other monitoring devices.
To check and understand the network of whole system and its complexity level of
transmission line and the process to reduce the complexity level
To know the implementation of COMMAS technique to monitor the partial discharge
activities done in transformer
To use both the distributed database concepts and distributed controlling technique to get
the proper autonomous transmission system
To do the proper use of radial topology network in grid for doing the better networking
of three transmission lines
To do the proper scheduling of all works done in project along with proper estimation of
budget

CE 1.2.3 My area of work
In this particular project, I was appointed as an associate Electrical Engineer. I was
worked in a team of 5 members. As I was very good in MATLAB programming, I was assigned
with all programming and calculative work of power system and voltage calculation. As a
programmer, I also applied the knowledge of JAVA net beans coding in MATLAB. I used the
Matlab/Simulink 2014a to simulate the whole proposed model. Based on the pre-determined
objectives and proposed architecture, I also formulated a proper flow chart of all steps that
followed to implement this project work. Along with all these works, I maintained a proper note
work for future use and of any improvements needed to be done in the project. I also save all raw
files of programming done in this project so that all coding can be fetched and errors also
detected easily from the programs. In addition to this, I had done the comment of all coding line
which helps any programmer to get easy under stability of whole program.
CE 1.2.4 Project Group

CE 1.2.5 My responsibilities throughout the project
In this whole project work, I was responsible for the part of programming which is done
by using both Java Net beans and MATLAB. Along with the programming part, the creation of
proper flow chart was also my part of responsibility and also all types of calculation work that
was done in this project. I understand the power flow capacity of whole transmission line
implementation work and the use of appropriate micro-grid and radial topology network for the
networking work of all used transmission lines. I also checked all the used transmission line
elements based on the capacity of used transmission line and the power system. However, based
on all characteristics, I allowed 500 MW current to pass in the transmission line. I used the
sample and hold block technique to acquire the signal input when it receive trigger event at
trigger port. After all these technical work, I was also assigned with the responsibility to
maintain rough work of the whole project so that it can provide clear idea about the whole
process in future along with programming code by doing commenting on every line.
CE 1.3 Distinctive Activity
CE 1.3.1 Comprehending the theory of the project
To discuss the theoretical concept of whole project work, the block model of
Transmission Line Automation with the use of Multi Agent System is shown below:

Figure 1: Flow chart of the program done using Java Net Beans in MATLAB
In this project, the Sample and Hold System is used which was simulated by inputting a
sinusoidal signal. However, do the simulation a stair step graph plotting is done to get the
accurate visualization. The program code of this is shown below:
fs = 16;
t = 0:1/fs:1-1/fs;
x = .9*sin(2*pi*t);
stem(t,x)
hold on
stairs(t,x)
hold off

Based on the programming done, the graph plot of the signal is also shown here:
Regarding the type of circuit, I used special Sample and Hold circuit that mainly used to
simulate the analog signal for the short span of time ranging 1 to 10μS. The sample and Hold
Circuit is mainly composed of a capacitor used for storing and holding electric charge, N-
channel Enhancement type MOSFET and a high precision operational amplifier. The circuit
diagram of Sample and Hold Circuit is shown below:

CE 1.3.2 Engineering knowledge and skills applied in the project
I have knowledge of occurrences of the disturbances, operations of the switching,
activities related to power system which provide impact on analyzing the condition monitoring
data by offering of information. It helps to ruin among competing diagnosis. I have investigated
integration of COMMAS with help of existing multi-agent system.
CE 1.3.3 Accomplishment and task performed
Sample and Hold technique is simple strategy when it is compared with the multiagnet
system. Into the multiagnet system, we required of java software for development of the program
where proposed technique is avoided usage of the extra requirements, as we can able to
implement with help of MATLAB/Simulink library.
CE 1.3.4 Identified issues and their solutions
There are number of security issues which are introduced relied on the autonomous
agents. The agent are hacked as well as controlled by the attacker those can manipulate decisions
along with communications of the agents for performing of malicious behaviour.
As the solution, there are developments of multi-layer agent system to automate analysis
of the condition monitoring the data which are developed. The system encapsulates various
techniques as the separate agents along with diagnosis of the defects into the transformer
throughout collaboration as well as interaction.

CE 1.3.5 Plan to produce creative and innovative work
The proposed system is treated with each transmission line along with associated the
substation as the micro grid, the multi agent system is used of hierarchy based system. The
agents are created for operating and taken of decisions on own. The agents at first level exhibits
of full autonomy while agents at second as well as third layer are acted freely, in which they are
received of instructions from side of supervisory agents.
Figure 2: Representation of agent in layer
CE 1.3.6 Collaborative work
I had completed this project in a group work with my other colleagues who help in the
whole project work. In addition to this, I expected to keep up group coordination and
correspondence all throughout the project work. I organized week after week line up gatherings
with my group to be forward about the project work in advance and the whole necessity required

for the task. I used to meet my project supervisor consistently and present a week after week
answer to him and spoke with him through calls and messages to talk about the data expected to
complete the task. For doing the undertaking, I studied about different IEEE models that
characterize the utilization of different electronic parts and supplies. I particularly select IEEE
488 standard that characterizes Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation.
Apart from all these, I also studied lots of books, online publications, and different PhD journals
to gather more in-depth knowledge about the whole process to make the project successful.
CE 1.4 Project Review
1.4.1 Project Overview
The automation of the transmission line with use of Sample and Hold Circuit is being
implemented with use of MATLAB/Simulink platform. The results of simulation are analyzed
that designed model disconnects with the transmission line in case the line outage are detected
and served into faster clearance into faults and it is served as the flexible protection.
1.4.2 My contribution
I understood the capacity of flowing of power into the entire implementation of
transmission line and use of micro-grid and radial topology network. I also checked for the
elements of the transmission line based on capacity of the power system.