Travel & Tourism: Historical Developments, Economic Impacts & Policy

This report provides a detailed analysis of the travel and tourism sector, beginning with an overview of key historical developments from ancient times to the 20th century, highlighting the evolution of transportation and the rise of tourism as a global industry. It examines the structure of the travel and tourism sector, including transportation, attractions, accommodation, information services, and tour planning. The report also discusses the role of government, sponsored bodies, and international agencies in the tourism sector, along with the impact of local and national economic policies and political changes on the industry. Furthermore, it explores factors affecting tourism demand and how companies like TUI Group have adapted to meet changing demands. Finally, the report evaluates the positive and negative economic, environmental, and social impacts of tourism and suggests strategies to minimize negative effects and maximize positive contributions. Desklib provides access to this and many other solved assignments for students.

Travel and Tourism Sector
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Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector..............................................4
Historical development timeline............................................................................................................4
1.2 Explain the structure of travel and tourism sector............................................................................6
LO2.......................................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Function of the government, sponsored bodies and international agencies in TTS..........................8
2.2 Explain how the local and national economic policy impact the success of the travel and tourism
sector...................................................................................................................................................11
2.3 Discuss the implications of the political change on the travel and tourism sector in different
countries..............................................................................................................................................13
LO3.....................................................................................................................................................17
3.1 Explain factors affecting tourism demand.....................................................................................17
3.2 How supply has changed the TUI group to meet the effects of demand........................................18
LO4.....................................................................................................................................................20
4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impact of tourism. 20
4.2 Strategies to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive impacts..........................20
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................22
References...........................................................................................................................................23
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Introduction
The subsequent facts regarding travel and tourism business is demonstrated in this
assignment. The assignment will state the highly structured evolution of tourism and recent
framework of tour business. The initial segment will describe the foremost historical
expansions within travel and tourism and explain the framework of the tourism business. In
the second segment, it will illustrate the role of the association and other administrational
bodies in tour industry and it will also explain with the influence of financial tactics on the
tour division. The third segment will comprise the illustration of the essential aspects which
implement the tourism in some countries. The last part will illustrate the positive and
negative effects of tour on a nation’s environment, economy, and society. It will also offer the
tactics for reducing the negative effects and increasing the positive effects.
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1.1 Explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector
Historical development timeline
Time phase Development
 3000 BC  Tour industry was prepared and considered as business-related
in Egypt.
 1500 BC  Tour industry was primarily beginner for spiritual reasons.
Later leisure and holiday travelling was implemented in Egypt.
 6 BC  Conventional and ideological structure was unlocked.
 5 BC  Greece begins its holiday trade sincerity methods.
 Middle age  European inhabitants fetched holiday into practicality.
 16 AD  Europeans started actions.
 1840  Thomas Cook was the original Englishmen to preparation
outstanding travelling packages.
 1990  Global airline like Delta and American airlines were improved.
 20th century  Spreading out of Travel and Tourism business in numerous
points.
In the middle era between 1006 and 1485 travelling was mostly for wealthy and noble people.
It was also the methods to brag the social importance of individuals. Prosperous inhabitants
facilitated to explore in a community, together with their servants and maids (Alazaizeh et al.,
2016). Transport services were not introduced in this era so they have to carry all those things
which will require during journey or travelling. The individuals mainly travel for spiritual
reasons.
Within 18th century and 19th century there was an enhancement in transport with the
innovation of railway and steamers (Du Cros and McKercher, 2014).
. This also let the individual beside wealthy people to explore. Holiday packages were also
introduced in this era. These also allow the women to travel independently first time.
In 20th century after the introduction of air transport it become a universal means of transport
which saves times during travelling but it was expensive during that time and it was afforded
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by less people. The tourism business was increased so much with high profit during this
period. Disposals earnings was increased which allowed additional individuals within the
globe to explore. Travel and tourism is the profit business which reduces the gaps among the
nations and also make massive profit entire world.
Historical Development poster
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1.2 Explain the structure of travel and tourism sector
Travel and tourism business is a massive industry. Just because of this reason it can be
demonstrated into a numerous divisions. It is illustrated below the entire framework of the
tour and travel industry with brochure:
Figure 1: Structure of travel and tourism sector
Different segments of travel and tourism sector has been described below:
Transportation
Transportation is a foremost and fundamental component of the travel and tour business.
Because of this transportation is most essential for visiting too many sites and several tour
places. Mainly entire transportation like rail services, airlines services, cab services, cruise
services and bus services are facilitated through social explorer (Du Cros and McKercher,
2014).
An authority and administration of the nation’s plays a vital function in the expansion of their
transportation services. It is considered as the tour and travel business is increasing with the
increase in transportation methods (Alazaizeh et al., 2016). Transportation is very convenient
and it also saves times but most of the travellers observe the expenditure of the transportation
rather than security and safety of the travellers.
Attraction and tourism sites
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Most of the visitors are pulling towards the natural beauty of a region before the artificial
beauty which is man-made. Travellers have interest to travel the sites which is full of natural
beauty for pleasure rather than man-made beauty like statues, monuments, etc. Travellers also
want to visit many historical and cultural views of the sites. Social attractions are the
furthermost features in tour business as the visitors wants for eye-catching sites to visits.
There are numerous sorts of eye-catching sights like, historical attraction, natural attraction,
cultural attraction, and man-made attractions.
Accommodation
Accommodation is also the foremost leading aspects in travel and tour industry. It offers food
and lodging during the time of travelling. It is also most high-priced part of tour and travel
business because it provides food, shelter and many other leisure activities. Mainly travellers
travel in search of peace and stressful destination to spend some crucial time with their
families (Wu et al., 2015). The tour operator provides various services to their clients like
spa, gym, fitness activities, food, beverages, etc. The tour operators also provides various
accommodation selections like homes, hotels, guest house, resorts and many other leisure
places.
Enquiry and information
Knowledge and facts regarding the travellers demands to explore latest sites and their needs.
There are various tour operators in tour and travel business which provides essential data and
records regarding tour destinations to the travellers. Many selection and assisting services are
given by the tour operators like offices for enquiry, information departments, guides, etc
provided by the tour operators to the visitor for their expediency which help them to travel
easily.
Tour planning
In the present open market situation, tactics and tour plan is foremost because the tourism
business is running forward of the development of travel around. The tour operators provide
complete packages to their clients that involve many services like accommodation,
transportation and food.
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LO2
2.1 Function of the government, sponsored bodies and international agencies in TTS
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The essential roles of the administration in tour and travel business are forming trade and its
methods and making strategies and plan to make simpler the travelling business of the nation
and displaying the benefits of the tour inside the nations. The administration of the nation
also gives many facilities and services for the social interest. It consequently develop the
advantages of the tourism of the nations, the administration of the nations encourages its
places both internationally and nationally. The administration of the nation is liable for
setting up friendly connections with different other nations by opening appropriate transforms
rules and regulation.
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The investors’ bodies are liable for investing in tour business for the improvement of
their services. Several roles of administrational investors’ bodies are offering securities and
safety to the travellers, organizing the yearly details for improving the trade.
Responsibilities of worldwide bodies involve normalizing the processes and rules and
regulations of global for making easy worldwide tour, making sure regarding their safety and
security of the travellers while visiting to different nations, regulating the service outline,
reducing the negative effects of tour, working as consign in the processes of many states, etc.
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2.2 Explain how the local and national economic policy impact the success of the travel
and tourism sector
The restricted strategies and financial essentially effects the growth of travel and tour
business of a state. The administration of the nations facilitates financial strategies to
improve the tour and travel business in their nations. The administrations of the nations create
clearly aimed strategies to promote the tour business. These involve VISA tactics and
colonization, taxes imposed on visitors and improvement of infrastructure like roads, airports
and hotels, etc. Few administrational financial strategies which do not affect the tour business
straight but it do eventually. Like financial strategies are not directly affect the tour business
but it affects indirectly due to the fluctuation of rate of nations currency.
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When the rate currency falls of some nations then the services to those nations
increase as the cost of tourism is less expensive during that time more visitors attracts
towards those nations. Few administrations provide funds to the tour business to increase
their services to attract more visitors to the nations. Theses funding is also facilitated to
enhance the situation of many travel sites.
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