Wireless Communication Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

Desklib provides solved assignments and past papers to help students succeed.

Wireless Communication
Introduction:
Wireless communication plays an
important role in today's world. All the
appliances or items which are portable and
used through the batteries are said to be
wireless. Although wireless transmission is
a little slower than wired communication,
it has many of the uses and used in many
circumstances by everyone. The mobile is
the best and big discovery of wireless
transmission, one person can contact with
another person without any bondage and
without using any wires. The network is
very necessary for wireless transmission.
Satellites are used for sending and
receiving signals. Nowadays, every
necessary item is wireless due to its
portability and quality of service. The
wireless transmission includes an antenna
for big communication and IOT device for
small communication, for example, towers
and routers used for high-frequency signal
and Bluetooth IOT device are used in the
mobile phone to send any data from one
device to another device.
Introduction to two reference
papers and their work:
Here, we have taken two research paper as
per the given scenario and both the
research papers are very different from
each other. 1st named, “Antenna and
Propagation of wireless transmission”
and 2nd is “Distributed wireless
communication”. The first is used to tell
the transmission between the mobile
devices and any other big device using the
antennas and a huge network. Another one
is used to distinguish between the wired
and wireless transmission and the
advantages of wireless over a wired
network. The frequency and
electromagnetic waves released from the
tower or can say any antenna is very
dangerous and can harm the overall
environment. The transmission of the
wireless signal is going through a
particular process which is given below:
Figure 1: Communication system
Above given is the block diagram of the
communication system. There are 6 main
components:
 Source
 Transmitter
 Channel

 Noise
 Receiver
 Destination
They all will perform the different work
and by combining all they will perform the
communication between devices. The
source will generate the signal and forward
that signal to the next stage. Transmitter
than transmit the carrier signals to channel,
it then adds noise to the signal and after
that, it can be received by the receiver. In
another research paper, the difference
between the wired and wireless network is
described so that the advantages of both
the networks are described. Wired network
is more compact and faster than the
wireless one but it has some major
advantages that it can be used in different
devices for the transmission of small
signals also and the major drawback of
wired transmission is that it can’t be used
for the very high distance communication.
For that only wireless is successful
because wired takes more human effort
and more investment for setting up the
connection.
Methodologies used in papers:
In both the research papers, the main
concept is to transmit the data from one
place to another place. The method of
transmitting data is to transmit it using the
medium and add some of the noise to the
data so that the data is not acquired by
anyone.
In this model, there is an information and
it will go to the source encoding to encode
the message and send it to the next
component. After that, the data is
encrypted via any of the encrypted
techniques so that, another person will not
be able to detect or destroy the data. After
this, it will go to channel encoding and
after that modulation takes place in the
data and the data is moved from one place
to another and after it, multiplexing occurs,
which makes the data segmented or can
say split the data into certain blocks. After
all, these done, the data will move to the
wireless medium for transmission and
once it will receive by the authorized user
then it will check some of the points
through which the receiver is authorized.
Once the data reaches to the receiver side
than it should be move from different
components like Demultiplexing, it can
mix the data into a single file which was
split by the multiplexer in the phase1.

After that, it will demodulate the waves
and send it to channel decoding and after
that, the data is decrypted by the
decryption techniques so that the receiver
will get the original data from that data in
which some of the noise is present. After
that message is decoding from source
decoding and is received by the receiver.
There are some of the technologies also
used in wireless communication are
described below:
 Radio signal transmission
 Infrared transmission
 Microwave transmission
 Lightwave transmission
They all are used for the transmission of
data from different methods at different
frequencies.
Comparison of the results between
two papers:
In both the papers, the main concept is
only to transmit the signal from one place
to another via a wireless medium. The
transmission of data is in the form of
encrypted data so that no one is able to
crack the data or perform any crime on the
data. The first one has totally described the
communication and transmitting the data
from source to destination by making the
data encrypted and it is also a lossless
technique of transmitting data.
In another one, the conclusion is
represented as the difference between the
wired and wireless configuration and the
scope of 4G over 3G. The networks are
rapidly increasing their values in the day to
day life. In the wireless network, some of
the new techniques are introduced which
are known as, no slow handoff problem,
large area, and network capacity, power
consumption is very low, the flexibility of
the network is very high, the network
scales itself by taking care of the next
coverage area and the main is that it is
open for all that is open structured.
Advantages of wireless network:
The wireless network plays a major role in
today’s world. As the network
establishment from the wired connection
seems to be impractical or impossible to
implement so that’s why we will use a
wireless network to implement the large
networks. Some of the advantages of
wireless networks are:
Cost: The cost factor plays a very major
role and this is the major advantage of a
wireless network. In the wireless network,
all the cost of installing the cables and
wires are not used and it will be used in
other purposes. Installing the wired
connection in any building will make the
interior weird and it does not look good.
By installing the wireless connection, the

human effort and risk factor are also
reduced.
Mobility: This is also another factor which
is the advantage of a wireless connection
because it will allow the user to move from
1 place to other while connected to the
network. The network will also maintain
its sustainability of the network.
Installation: The installation process of
the wireless network is very easy. One just
has to link that IP address to the server
itself.
Disaster Recovery: This component is
very necessary while dealing with the
network or any other connection which is
based on data. In this, when an attack
occurs in the network then the data will not
be lost permanently but its temporary files
are deleted due to which, no one can
access the data after corrupting it. The data
can be again recovered from the backup
files present in the system. This only must
be happened in wireless connection rather
than performing it in a wired connection.
Reliability: Not a single cable is attached
or used in the implementation of the
network so there is no chance of network
failure due to some of the reasons.
Disadvantages of Wireless
communication:
We have discussed some of the major
advantages of wireless communication but
it has some of the major disadvantages
also which is very useful for every
individual to take care of. Some of them
are discussed below:
Health: It is the major issue in the wireless
connection as the frequency released from
the towers and antennas are so high that
some of the birds are dying due to this
frequency and it also affects the human
body, this will make the nervous system of
any human weaker day by day.
Security: In every aspect, the security of
the data is maintained and it is taken care
of. So, in the wireless connection, the data
is less secure because all the data is
moving through the established network.
In this, the signals or waves are transmitted
in the open scale so everyone can access
that data which is transmitting via a
network.
Interference: Wireless system use the air
to travel the data from source to
destination so it possible that the radio
signals which are also present in the air or
in the network may collide with it and
destroy that data.

Conclusion:
Wireless communication is used in today’s
life in mostly everything. Almost all the
people use a smartphone which is totally
working on the wireless network. Through
the wireless medium, one can send the data
from source to destination using the
wireless link. We have totally covered up
all the advantages and disadvantages of
wireless communication and also
described the procedure through which the
data is transmitted in the network.
Reference list:
Agarwal, T. (2017). Different Types of
Wireless Communication Technologies.
[online] Edgefx.in. Available at:
https://www.edgefx.in/different-types-
wireless-communication-technologies/
Anusha (2017). Wireless Communication:
Introduction, Types and Applications.
[online] Electronics Hub. Available at:
https://www.electronicshub.org/wireless-
communication-introduction-types-
applications/
Saunders, S. and Aragón-Zavala, A.,
2007. Antennas and propagation for
wireless communication systems. John
Wiley & Sons.
Zhou, S., Zhao, M., Xu, X., Wang, J. and
Yao, Y., 2003. Distributed wireless
communication system: a new architecture
for future public wireless access. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 41(3), pp.108-
113.