Effectiveness of Recruitment and Selection Strategies to Manage Talent in Hotel

This research project aims to study the effectiveness of recruitment and selection strategies in managing talent in the hotel industry, with a focus on Z hotel. The objectives include investigating various strategies, identifying the benefits of external recruitment and interview selection methods, and evaluating the issues faced by Z hotel in talent management. The research utilizes primary and secondary research methods, including interviews, online surveys, observations, and focus groups. The findings will provide insights into effective talent management strategies for hotels.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background of the study.........................................................................................................4
P 1 Literature Review.............................................................................................................4
P 2 Examine appropriate research methods and approaches to primary and secondary
research...................................................................................................................................6
P3 Primary and secondary research by using appropriate methods (1500)............................7
Research methodologies..................................................................................................................7
P4 Analytical tools for research findings and data...............................................................11
P5 Findings...........................................................................................................................19
P6 Reflection........................................................................................................................22
P7 Recommendations...........................................................................................................23
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................23
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................25

INTRODUCTION
Tourism is known as travelling to a outer location than home town. For either the purpose of
business or personal. This act is done only for 2 or 3 days or a maximum of a week otherwise it
is no longer a tourism. It consists of a round trip because of its nature as no one will go to a place
and not come back. Travel industry is concerned with travelling from one place to another. It can
be short distance or long distance. It can also be done in the form of domestic or international.
One similarity between travel and tourism is that it is also a round trip. Both the industries come
under service industry. Many people are not able to differentiate between both the industries.
This can be understood as when people take a tour for a business or personal purpose which
makes them leave for a shorter amount of duration that is for one night and return by the next
day then it is concerned with tourism industry. On the other hand industry of travel is concerned
with a wider scope as when the duration of people are longer to stay out of the city then it comes
under travel industry. There are many sectors which are combined with this industry such as
airlines, railways, rental cars, water transport, hotel, camping etc. This report is a research and it
covers questions such as literature review, rationale, aim and objectives of this report.
Aim
To study the effectiveness of recruitment and selection strategies to manage talent in hotel: A
study on Z hotel
Objectives
 To investigate the various recruitment and selection strategists
 To identify benefit of external recruitment and interview selection method for managing
talent in the hotel
 To evaluate issues faced by Z hotel in managing talent in organization
Research questions
 What are the various recruitment and selection strategists
 What is the benefit of external recruitment and interview selection method for managing
talent in the hotel
 What issues faced by Z hotel in managing talent in organization
Background of the study
This study is going to show different types of recruitment and selection strategies and
methods used by hospitality industry with the main aim of managing talent. By managing talent
within an organization and hotel, manager can accomplish all its goals which can help it out in

taking competitive advantages. It will also show some steps of research methodologies which
plays a important role in completing the research successfully.
P 1 Literature Review
According to Tan, if the hotels start to recruit people on the basis of their suitability then
it will be easy for them to satisfy more and more customers that will help them to increase the
positive word of mouth which will result in increased goodwill in the market. Apart from this
they also need to select on the basis of their eligibility and performance so that the work flow can
be easily maintained and hotel will never receive a negative feedback. If they are just hiring
anyone with no professionalism and any code of conduct then it will lead to fall in the name of
the image. Professionalism, code of conduct and ethical morals are the most important factors for
serving in this industry this was stated by Mahrous. Hotels need to train their staff if they are not
performing up to the mark or according to the standard of the hotel. If they are trained according
to their criteria and understood the code of conduct and the morale of the place then they will
easily perform any assigned task. This will ensure that any of the staff member will not create
any scene that will affect the image of the hotel. If they follow all of these protocols and work
ethically then every task they perform won't go in vain instead it will be effective.
Theme 1 Strategies of recruitment and selection
There are several strategies of recruitment and selection which are being discussed by different
authors. According to the Noe and et.al., (2017) job promotion and approaching existing
employees is the best way of recruiting talented and skilled employees. It is a type of internal
recruitment which takes less cost and time of the company. It also increases morale of existing
employees when they get promotional opportunity. So, it is also called the best way of talent
management which allow hotel to take competitive advantages. In addition, they also said that
online interview is the best way of selection by which company can get skilled workforce from
different remote areas.
Mupepi, (2017) argued and said that internal recruitment or job promotional is not an efficient
way as external methods is the best of making a pool of skilled workforces. By advertising in
newspapers and social media platforms, company can get divers workforces having different
skills and knowledge. The main advantage of this method of recruitment is to get new innovation
and creativity within an organization.

Theme 2: Benefits of external recruitment in managing talent within an organization
There are several benefits of following the type of external recruitment for managing talent. As
per the view of Ahmed and Ahmed, (2019) the main benefit of external recruitment is getting
divers workforce and making innovative working environment. When an organization recruit
employees by external method than there are more chances to have employees who have
different field of knowledge. When they wok with existing employees then they share their
knowledge with them which increase their skills regarding to the project and their tasks.
In addition, Marsden, (2017) said that by recruiting employees by external method, manager of
the company can take competitive advantages. Having different knowledge and skills of
employees help the company in producing productive and innovative work. By providing this
qualitative and innovative products it can satisfy its customers which can increase its band image
in the market.
Theme 3 Issues faced by tourism industry and hotels in managing talent
There are several issues which are being faced by hospitality industry and hotels. According to
the Guo, Rammal and Dowling, (2016) for managing talent within an organization like hiring,
recruiting as well as retaining employees within an organization, they need to provide training to
them. For retaining employees for better talent management they are required to motivate them
and satisfy their needs. There are several reasons by which employees eave the company and the
main reason is lack of knowledge regarding company’s functions and projects. For this, company
invest in training and development which can increase the operational cost of the company. It
can become the reason of decreased sales and revenue.
P 2 Examine appropriate research methods and approaches to primary and secondary research.
Primary research-
In this type of research the data is collected directly. It is not copied from the other sources that is
why it is not needed to be depend on the previous data. This data is extracted out for the first
time, it is original and it is owned by the researcher. This data is collected for a specific problem
and it requires a depth research for which this data is suitable.
Some of the methods by which primary data can be collected

Interviews-
This type of method collection is known as qualitative method. It is considered as a
popular method for a long time. The interview can be conducted over a phone or face to face.
This method involves interaction between the respondent and the researcher. They are
considered as open ended method.
It has been proven that interviews which are conducted through face to face method gives a
better response as compared to interviews which are conducted on telephone. The reason is face
to face method tends to extract the answers to the questions which are personal. The interview
can last up to 30 minutes or sometimes even longer whereas interview which is conducted on a
phone takes very less time. Success of face to face interview depends usually on the person who
asks the questions and his experience to ask the questions.
Online Surveys-
It is one of the most used and the simplest method to collect information. The reason
behind it is these type of methods are more convenient for both the researcher and the responder.
It can be easily sent through e mails and filled online from anywhere. It can be open on any
electronic gadget. A specific amount of time is given to the respondents to revert to the survey.
Researcher must keep one thing in mind that in order to get maximum information questions in
the report asked must be a combination of both open ended and close ended so that it does not
loose the interest of respondents. To encourage them to respond to the survey researcher must
offer them some kind of gifts which they can redeem after they have responded to the survey.
Observations-
This method does not require a relation or interaction between the researcher and the
responder. What researchers do is they observe the behaviour pattern of the people and make
notes according to them. They even use devices such as cameras so that they can record the
reaction of the people.
Focus Groups-
In this method a researcher target a group of people which includes up to 10 members to
acquire the data and the people who are in the group are selected on the basis of their expertise.

Researcher has a great insight to judge the response of the people. This is beneficial a lot for the
companies because from this aspect they can derive the information about niche markets.
Secondary Data-
This data is collected by someone from various sources such as records in the
organization, information provided by the government and the data which was collected
specifically for a research. This data is useful when data or information is needed in less time.
This analysis is considered as outdated in the field of marketing research. There are many
sources to collect this data and they are internet, library, GPS, records of tax, social security,
housing. This method helps to increase the size of the research with that it brings another handy
features such as efficiency and speed. Social media nowadays is considered as the key factor for
obtaining the data as they have a lot of data with opinions from different people. The advantage
of using this method is to get the data which is already sorted in a proper format with the data of
case studies. This data is considered more legit than the primary data as it has been verified
before. There are also some problems to this method as it is not easy to find the exact data
according to the report. Sometimes it is hard to verify as it can be outdated.
P3 Primary and secondary research by using appropriate methods (1500)
Research methodologies
Research methodologies is the most important par of the whole research project as it allows
researcher to select the type of research, design and the method of collecting data and
interpreting them. It is a combination of several elements such as research types, approaches,
design, philosophies, data collection and analysis of them. All these elements of research
methodologies are discussed in detail below:
Research types: It is the first element on which further steps and elements depend. A
type of research shows the type of collection of data as whether it is in numerical form or non-
numerical form. Qualitative and quantitative are mainly 2 types of research types. Quantitative
research type shows numbers or numerical data. Collection of data and information in the form
of numbers is called quantitative research. It is being analyses and interpreted by statistical tools.
On the other hand, qualitative type of research is not related to the numbers. Collection of
information’s in non-numerical form as in the form of text, feelings, behaviors is called
qualitative type. It is called the best type because it allows researcher to get information’s in
more detail related to the topic. It also increases knowledge and skills of scholar to understand

human behaviors and collect information. For this research, researcher has selected this type
because of the research topic.
Research approaches: It is a broad assumptions of detailed method by which researcher collect
data (Qiao and et.al., 2019). There are 2 main approaches by which researcher collect data and
this selection of the approach depends upon the selection of the type of research. If researcher
selects qualitative type then inductive approach will be chosen. On the other hand, for
quantitative research type, researcher will select deductive approach. So, it can be said that
research type is an important step as further selection of approach and philosophies depends
upon the type. In the type of inductive, researcher generate a new theory for getting new
information. It is a result of observations. It increase knowledge of scholar and also allows it to
make the research authenticate. On the other hand, deductive is a testing of existing theory.
Collection of data by this approach, researcher cannot get new and authenticate data. It is an
analysis of hypothesis.
For this research and identifying strategies of recruitment and selection for better talent
management, researcher will use inductive research approach as it is suitable for qualitative
research type. Other main advantage of using this approach is to increase knowledge of
researcher and getting new data.
Research philosophies: Research philosophy is a belief about some techniques in which
information about a phenomenon is collected, interpreted and used as well. It is also an important
part of research methodology as it deals with sources and development of knowledge of
researcher about the topic. Positivism and interpretivism are 2 philosophies of research.
Positivism is a scientific method of observation that allows positivity and effective data to the
researcher. It is suitable for the quantitative type of research type. On the other hand,
interpretivism is suitable for the type of qualitative research. It refers theory in which researcher
focus on narrative stories. For this research, scholar will use interpretivism research philosophy
with the main aim of accomplishing its pre-determined goals as well as identifying the best
strategy to manage talent in an organization. An effective selection of research philosophy can
have directly impact on the success and the failure of research study (Dingley, 2016).
Research designs: Research design refers a framework of several techniques that are
being selected by scholar with the main purpose of identifying and solving research problem that
is being described above. Different types of problems can occur in the path of the success of

research and at the time of preparing research. For example, shortage of human, financial and
technical resources which can delay in the submission of the project and also hamper the quality
of the project. There are mainly two types of research design such as experimental and
descriptive. Descriptive research design is called the best design because with this help, research
describes and identifies each problem and detail of the research in a detailer and described
manner. This details and description shows viewers that researcher has the deep knowledge
regarding to the topic. It increases the brand image of the company. On the other hand,
Experimental research design is centrally concerned with constructing research that is high in
internal validity. It is also called a design a systematic method of collecting data.
Data collection: Data collection is the key of the success of the research. Data collection means
gather data relevant to the research topic that can help researcher in solving problems and
making the research successful. Without having enough data, researcher cannot complete its
research. For any type of research, there is a requirement to have appropriate information. For
example: The main aim of this topic is to identify the best strategy of recruitment and selection
for effective talent management in the hotel. For identifying issues related to talent management
and also identifying the best strategy, researcher will requires to collect data from different
organization and the main hotel for which it is working (Yeakley and Caballero, 2016). It can
only be possible when, researcher collect data from different methods and relevant sources.
There are mainly 2 types of collecting data such as: Primary and secondary.
Data gathered from primary method are all new and authenticate data because data
collected from all sources of this type are not used before. It is an effective way of getting
relevant data appropriate with the topic. Some sources of this method includes observations,
questionnaires and others. By this method, researcher can make its research more successful and
authenticated. On the other hand, secondary data are existing data which are being used before
by many researchers for their research project and study. Some sources includes in this type are
books and journals, internet, articles in which related data of the topic are published already.
There is more chances of getting error of data because their publication data differ and
modifications made in data are not included in them. |For making more successful and reliable,
researcher will mainly use primary type as well as some data will be obtained by secondary as
well.

Data analysis: This step is followed just after of collecting data or data collection. Some data
which are being obtained by both primary and secondary sources have some errors and not
reliable at all. For making its reliable and authenticate, researcher analyze and mould it by using
different tools of data analysis (Mihas, 2019). |The main aim of researcher is to help the
company in accomplishing their pre determined goals for which it has conducted research. For
accomplishing goals and increasing its brand image it is important for researcher to make believe
all viewers in it. It can make them believe only when it analyze data in an effective manner.
There are mainly 2 methods of analyzing data such as qualitative and quantitative. Selection of
qualitative and quantitative tools for analyzing data also depends upon the main type of research.
As for this research, researcher has selected qualitative type, so qualitative data analysis will be
suitable and will be selected by researcher. Thematic analysis tool has been chosen by scholar for
this research On the other hand there are several other tools in quantitative type of research such
as SPSS.
Sampling: Sampling means select target people and group of people among the whole
generation. For gathering qualitative data, researcher require to target some people from which
he/she can ask one questions and get answers relevant to the topic. It is not possible for
researcher to study on the whole population as it can take time and cost of the company and
researcher. So, he/she target and select a group of people and this selection as well as procedure
is called sample. There are mainly 2 types of sample such as probability and non-probability. In
the type of probability, researcher gives equal opportunities to all selected people to give answers
voluntarily (Lohr, 2019). With the help of probability sampling all sample or group of people
feel respected and valued as scholar do not force them and discriminate them. Random
probability sampling can make the researcher more successful, so, for this study, scholar will
select this method. On the other hand, non-probability or non random sampling generates data
from selected people. |There is more chances of biasness so it is avoided while getting data and
target people. 20 employees of z hotels (Hilton) have been selected as a sample.
Ethical consideration: Ethics is not a step but a thing which needs to be considered by
researcher while making research and collecting data. Ethics means to have knowledge and
ability to identify the difference between the right and the wrong. There are some things which
should keep in mind by researcher and also follow in generating research such as: to not put
pressure on participants and sample to give answers and getting involved in research. To keep all

personal and sensitive data of all direct and indirect participants safe and secure, To make them
sure that data has been generated and collected in an ethic manner or all laws have been followed
by them. To not hurt ay people and provide them al type of information whenever they ask. It is
called morale principles and the way of behaving with people and other resources. There are
some codes of ethics or principles which are required to be followed such as: confidentiality,
truthfulness, honesty etc.
So, from above discussed elements of research methodology it can be said that all plays a vital
role in making the research successful and acco0mplishing pre determined aim and objectives.
P4 Analytical tools for research findings and data
There are several tools available by which researcher can analyse and get data. For this
research researcher has made an effective use of questionnaire. Some questions which are being
asked from target and sample are:
1. Do you know the steps involved and actual meaning of talent management?
 Yes
 No
2. Which type of recruitment is followed by your hotel?
 Internal
 External
3. What is the main advantage of external recruitment?
 Pool of talent
 Innovative working environment
 Increased productivity
4. According to you what is the main negative impact of external recruitment?
 Increased cost in training
 Decreased morale of existing employees
5. What are some advantages of talent management?
 Retention of talent

 Increased brand image of the company
 Improved interrelationship of workers
6. Appropriate and the strategy which Is followed by your hotel for improving talent
management?
 Improving working environment
 Democratic leadership style
 Training and development
7. What are some issues related to talent management?
 Lack of leadership
 Ineffective company culture
8. How recruitment and selection improve talent management?
 By getting skilled workforce in an organization
 Providing learning opportunities to all employees
9. Recommend some ways of improving talent management?
.................
Theme 1. Actual meaning of talent management
Participants Answers
12 Yes
8 No

Theme 2. type of recruitment followed by the company
Participants Answers
6 Internal
14 External

Theme 3. Main advantage of external recruitment
Participants Answers
10 Pool of talent
6 Innovative working environment
4 Improved productivity
Theme 4. The main negative impact of external recruitment
Participants Answers
12 Cost of training
8 Low morale of existing employees

Theme 5. Some advantages of talent management
Participants Answers
9 Retention of talent
5 Improved brand image
6 Improved workers relationship

Theme 6 Strategy for improving talent management by your organization
Participants Answers
4 Improving working environment
5 Following democratic leadership
11 Training and development to employees

Theme 7. Issues related to talent management?
Participants Answers
12 Lack of leadership
8 Ineffective culture of the company

Theme 8 By which recruitment and selection improve talent management
Participants Answers
13 Getting skilled workforce
7 Learning opportunities to all employees
P5 Findings
Interpretation 1:
From the above graph and asked question of the concept and awareness of talent
management, it is interpreted that majority of employees of the hotel know the actual meaning of
the talent management. For supporting this, 12 employees said that it is a combination of several
functions like recruitment, selection, retention of employees as well. They said that there hotel is
more focusing on talent management as it is the hot topic in their working environment so, they
have proper knowledge as well as importance of talent management. On the other hand 8
employees said that they do not have deep knowledge of talent management. They do not have
knowledge about elements and functions which comes under an effective talent management.

Interpretation 2:
For accomplishing the main goal of the hotel, several questions were asked and it is also
asked from 20 employees of the hotel that which type of recruitment method their company or
hotel follow. From this question it is interpreted that 14 employees said that their hotel mainly
focuses on external recruitment. They also said that it creates several problems as it decreases
their morale and also feel lower self esteem. On the other hand, 6 employees interpreted and said
that the hotel follows and focusing now on internal recruitment for retaining existing employees.
They also said that it is the best and appropriate strategy of the hotel which make them able to
motivate employees, retain them and increase their brand image.
Interpretation 3:
20 employees of the hotel were being asked about the main advantage of talent management
which their organization can take. From this question, different answers were taken. Majority of
employee or 10 employees said that by managing talent and performing all functions related to
talent management in an effective manner, hotel can make a pool of skilled workforces.
Company can take other advantages if it employs different candidates and manage talent in an
efficient manner. On the other hand, 6 employees of the hotel said that, by managing talent, an
organization can make its working environment more innovative. By employing diverse
workforce by external recruitment and also promote employees, employer of the hotel makes its
environment creative than others. Whereas, least number of employees or 4 employees believe
and said that an effective talent management can increase overall productivity of the company
which can provide other benefits to them as well.
Interpretation 4:
From the above data ot is interpreted from 20 employees of the hotel Z that 12 employees
believe that by recruiting and selecting employees with external method o recruitment company
can increase its training cost. By hiring external employees, they require to get knowledge and
proper training regarding projects and tasks of the company. Employer invests in training and
development program for increasing their skills and knowledge and also for retaining them. It
becomes the reason of their decreased sales and increased overall cost. On the other hand, 8
employees said that by focusing more on external recruitment, employers decrease morale of

existing employees. There are several existing employees who have knowledge more than new
employee, so company should give them promotional opportunity and fill the vacancy or post.
Interpretation 5:
From the above question of some advantages of talent management which is the main
topic of this research different answers were taken from 20 employees of the hotel. 9 or majority
of employees said that talent management is the main reason of retention of skilled workforces.
In addition, they also said that talent management is all about hiring recruiting and retaining
employees and for that employer chose the best strategy. The best strategy motivates employees
which lead them to stay with company. On the other hand, 5 employees said that an effective
talent management improves the reputation and image of the company in the market. Whereas, 6
employees said that some strategies which promote an effective talent management can become
the reason of improved relationship of employees which is beneficial for both the hotel and
employees as well.
Interpretation 6:
It is asked from 20 employees of Z hotel that which strategy is being followed by their
hotel for managing talent and performing all functions related to talent management such as
retention, recruitment and selection. It is interpreted that, 11 or majority of employees said that
there hotel focuses on training and development program for new as well as existing employees.
The main aim of this strategy is to make aware to employees about the importance of talent
management as well as increase skills regarding projects of the company. On the other hand, 5
employees said that there hotel focus on implementing democratic leadership style. It increases
morale of employees because leader involves them in decision making process. Only 4
employees said that the hotel improve working environment for improving relationship of
employees and retain them.
Interpretation 7:
It is interpreted on the question of issue face by their hotel related to talent management
that, lack of leadership is the main reason and issue which create several problems for employees
and the company. 12 employees said that due to ineffective leadership and having lack
knowledge in leaders is the main reason and issue that create problem in the path of the success
and effectiveness of talent management. On the other hand, 8 employees said that ineffective

culture of the hotel like following ineffective communication mode create te problems of
miscommunication. It leads conflicts among employees so, it is the main issue of talent
management.
Interpretation 8:
From 20 employees of the hotel it has also asked that if they have knowledge and
importance of recruitment and selection process in talent management. It was asked that how
recruitment and selection process can become the main key of the success of the hotel. 13
employees or majority of employees said that by adopting an effective method of recruitment
and selection, company get skilled and diverse workforce within its organization. These diverse
workforces help each other and make working environment creative an innovative. Innovation is
the main reason of satisfied customers and increasing sales of the company. On the other hand, 7
employees said that by recruiting and selection process, company can allow existing employees
to learn something new from external and new employees. So, it can create learning working
environment that can help in talent management.
Interpretation 9:
In this open ended question, all selected employees are given equal chance and
opportunity to speak up openly. Different employees recommended different strategies and ways
of managing talent in an efficient manner. Some employees said that the company needs to
motivate employees and for that it can provide rewards like appreciation, celebration of the
success of employees, financial rewards etc. Some of the employees said that the by focusing of
internal recruitment and giving opportunities to existing employees ratter external employees
they can mange talent in an effective manner. By doing this they can motivate employees and
retain skilled and experienced employees. Rest of the employees said that leadership style also
plays an important role and democratic style is the best style by which employer of the hotel cam
improve talent management.
P6 Reflection
From the above study I can say that it increased my knowledge about the way of preparing
and developing research on the topic of talent management. I learned so many new things as

some strategies of managing talent in hospitality industry and in a hotel. I also knew that
developing and managing talent is not an easy task as there are several problems occur in the
path of success of the company. From the above research study i learned the way of solving
problem as it made me know that every problem has solutions which can help an organization
and an individual in accomplishing its goals. Different people have different types of thinking
which can also create some problems. It becomes difficult for researcher to analyse and
interpreted data which are being collected by target people.
Further, I also knew that leadership style and training plays an important role which
motivates employees and makes them able to retain within an organization for the long run.
P7 Recommendations
From the above study and answers given by sample or target people it can be recommended
to the hotel that it should focus on internal recruitment along with external. This hotel majorly
focus and recruit employees via external recruitment methods which decreases morale of
employees and increase training cost. It becomes the reason of labour turnover and conflicts
among employees. It can also be recommended to the company that it should follow democratic
leadership style because this style motivate employees and increase their critical thinking skills.
Motivate employees are more likely to live with the company and can also help the hotel in
managing talent. Further, it can also be recommended and suggested to teh hotel that there is a
requirement to satisfy needs of employees and motivate them. So, by identifying their different
needs it should give them financial and non-financial rewards.
CONCLUSION
From the above data it has been summarized that talent management played a vital role
which made able to an organization to accomplish its goals and become the market leader.
Several benefits and strategies as bee shown for improving talent management related to the
recruitment and selection. It has also shown the importance of research methodologies that
consisted several elements which allows scholar to get information relevant to the topic in an
efficient manner. Data collection and analysis is other main important task and steps for making
the research successful. By getting data and analyzing them researcher increase its image in the
market by giving qualitative research to the authenticate person. Further, this study has also

discussed importance of ethics which shows viewers the way of making research by researcher
and help them in increasing reputation in the market. Different strategies of recruitment and
selection also help an organization in solving problems related to the talent management.

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