Sustainable Tourism: Planning, Stakeholders, and Impacts

This document discusses the rationale for planning in the traveling and tourism industry, different approaches to tourism planning and development, and the need for planning for sustainable tourism. It also explores the advantages and disadvantages of public or private sector tourism planning, and the socio-cultural, environmental, and economic impacts of tourism in developing countries and emerging destinations.

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SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
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Contents
TASK 1:.....................................................................................................................................3
LO1: Understanding the rationale for planning in the traveling and tourism industry..............3
1.1 How the stake holders are getting benefit from planning of tourism developments........3
1.2 The advantages and disadvantages of public or private sector tourism planning............3
TASK 2:.....................................................................................................................................4
LO2: Understand different approaches to tourism planning and development.........................4
2.1 Features of tourism development planning at different levels.........................................4
2.2 Significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism development.....5
2.3 Different methods available to measure tourist impact....................................................6
TASK 3:.....................................................................................................................................8
LO3: Understand the need for planning for sustainable tourism...........................................8
3.1 Poster................................................................................................................................8
3.2 Leaflet...............................................................................................................................9
TASK 4:...................................................................................................................................10
LO4: Understand current issues related to tourism development planning.............................10
4.1 Methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure the future wellbeing of a
developing tourism destination.............................................................................................10
4.2 Implications of balancing supply and demand...............................................................10
4.3 Moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism...................................................................11
TASK 5:...................................................................................................................................12

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LO5: Understand the socio-cultural, environmental and economic impacts of tourism in
developing countries and emerging destinations.....................................................................12
5.1. Compare current issues associated with tourism development in a developing country
and an emerging destination where the impacts of tourism are different.............................12
5.2. Evaluate, with recommendations, the future development of tourism in these chosen
destinations...........................................................................................................................13
References................................................................................................................................14

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TASK 1:
LO1: Understanding the rationale for planning in the
traveling and tourism industry
1.1 How the stake holders are getting benefit from planning of
tourism developments
Philippines is a country where tourism is the most popular business in the country, and it is
one of the huge economy boosters for the country. As the agriculture and another source of
business is not so strong but as per as the greenery and the historic places are active in the
country for that reason tourism is the proper business of that country. The climate or the
weather of the country is very much suitable for tourism. The country is full of greenery and
water, so the sustainable tourism is the best option. For these case and the reasons of
sustainable tourism, the government wants to preserve the culture, forest and the entire
ecosystem of the country because it has a huge impact on the Philippines economy (Ashton,
2014). The government, tourism department and some other business organization are the
stake holder of the tourism. During the time of planning for tourism that time the involvement
of the stake holder are required because as they are the part of the tourism department, they
also can give inputs to the plan regarding the proper business. The benefit of the stake holders
is gain profit and to promote the business among the people. Traveling and tourism is one of
the fast progressive industry across the world and Philippines is going well in this business.
In tourism destination stake holders refers to the host and the tourist. They also give
preference to the business sector, public sectors and non-profitable sectors for better business
in tourism and to develop the tourism. As Per as the world tour organization stake holders is
dived into three major sectors: local community or the government, environment support and

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the tourism industry. The role of these stake holders in these tourism industry to create
opportunity in employment, business, income and foreign currency exchange through the
tourism service (Getz and Timur, 2012). They have another .benefit by developing the
destination and make it beautiful from where they can collect the service tax for the
beatification and for providing the service by which they can promote their business more
powerfully. The stake holders always keep a good relationship with the suppliers and the tour
company because they are the important part of the business by them only the tourists visit
the country, and the suppliers use to fulfil the demand of the tourist. Thus from here, we can
understand the role and the benefits of the stake holders of tourism (Sligo.et.al.2013).
1.2 The advantages and disadvantages of public or private sector
tourism planning
Partnership
When a tourist destination is developed at that point the private and the public area performed
a crucial character in progress particularly the destination that is tourist friendly. The public
sector uses to set the plans and the policies, making the place standard for the tourist for
visiting. Public sectors play a vital role in developing, creating the rules for tourism,
developing the main infrastructure, use to conduct the market for advertisement and
promotion for those areas where tourist use to visit frequently. The public sector is more
involved in making rules and regulation regarding tourism. The public sector uses to develop
the tourist destination where the tourist can enjoy and stay properly; they use to construct and
manage the place as per as the tourist demand. The public sector gives activities, space, and
product which are made for public use (Ruhanen, 2013).

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As per as the private sector the private sector also has important roles to play regarding
tourism. They also take part in preparing for activities, product, and space but then also they
are more focused on profit-oriented business and development (Mowforth and Munt, 2015).
Here the product, activities, and space are very much different from the public sectors here
the product refers to the involvement, service, and hospitality, activity refers to group
activity, and event development and space refers to the development of suitable location
(Weaver and Jin, 2016). The private sectors always focused on developing and giving
accommodation in apartments and hotels, making cafes and restaurants fo0r the beverages
and food, for entertainment shopping malls, parks, cinema halls are being made by the private
sectors. The incentives are provided by the public sector for the .investments made by the
private sectors for developing the tourism destination. There is the good connection among
the stake holders on making the tourist friendly environment for tourism. The tourist will
have a great experience and will enjoy the tour for these tourism friendly concept. Both the
private sector and the public sector are interrelated which is helping to develop the tourism of
Philippines. Sometime the public sector act as the pioneer when the private sector is running
out of money rather it is a vice versa process for tourism which helps the country.

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TASK 2:
LO2: Understand different approaches to tourism
planning and development
2.1 Features of tourism development planning at different levels
In a country, tourism development planning has four level or stages. Every planning structure
is interdependent on each other via these effective features of the various stages or level. As
travel and tourism industry has four levels and stages such as international level, national
level, regional level and sub-regional level.
Intercontinental or international level: Flow of programming and support of tourism,
tours, and tourists are the contents of the internal level of tourism development planning,
which are operated in many countries. The nearby and neighboring development strategies
help the operating countries to develop the system, style, and management of their country
for attracting more tourists. Philippines use these international standards of marketing
programs and promotional strategies for getting the maximum returns of their planning and
investments.
National level: In this level of tourism development, both long term and short term
objectives are kept in mind to achieve the maximum profits and goodwill out of these
strategies. In Philippines tourism development, the structure consists of the service control
and accommodation of the tourists. The legislative factors, policies, and connections are the
structural sites of the governing bodies for the national level in the development of tourism
planning (Mason, 2015).

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Figure 1: Levels of tourism development
(Resource: Created by the learner)
Regional level: This level is completely associated with the development of the specified
areas to attract tourism interest towards the destination along with strategic promotions and
policies. Philippines regional level planning provides the location and transportation
facilities. Jobs and other functional, supportive acts are controlled by the regional
development planning level to facilitate education and accommodation. The different
destination of Philippines is divided in the regionals for implementing the strategies and
planning of national level.
Sub-regional level: The features and functions of the regionals are divided into the sub
sections for implementing procedures and policies that are effective and easy. The collected
information of the sub-regional levels of Philippines help in the strategic planning for
development and services.
2.2 Significance of interactive planning systems and processes in
tourism development
The public and private partnership collaboration have accomplished the formation of tourism
development planning in the Philippines for interactive planning systems and procedures that
focus on the following issues in the development process:
SUB-REGIONAL
LEVEL or STAGE
REGIONAL LEVEL
or STAGE
NATIONAL LEVEL
or STAGES
INTERNATIONAL
LEVEL or STAGE

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 Volume and values are changing in the tourism sector, and local authorities take the
change to measure it, so that accurate information is gathered and are forwarded to the
national level of development planning systems. Thus, the effectiveness of the
procedures is measured by combing the information regarding changes in volume and
values.
 Interactive processes and systems make it easier for the teams to share available
information and discuss for analysing the positive and negative impacts on the
development processes. The local community analyses the impact of the visitors for
enhancing support and services in the positive aspect and that can directly promote
the local market and literary.
 The various businesses at the destination development are easy to operate with
implementing the different practices and policies in accordance with the government.
The functions and approaches to Philippines business are governed by the local
authorities in the country.
 Interactive systems and procedures help in making more sophisticated marketing
development possible along with responsibility and planning. Effort and contribution
of development team multiply the effectiveness of the work.
 Development authorities like national and regional levels are benefited with
information that is collected from the surveys and evaluation events. These programs
are organized by the authorities that help in monitoring and guiding the work of
development effectively.
 In order to meet the objectives of the development programs and organize sustainable
environment for tourism development, the competitiveness of participants plays a
great role and even the balanced local community strategies.

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2.3 Different methods available to measure tourist impact
Here cannot be a particular technique that will amount the impression of tourism in the
Philippines. There are two replicas and approaches that are usable for analyzing the numerous
impacts of tourism on economies. The economic impact model is used to analyze the
economic impact, whereas, on the contrary, a steam model is used for monitoring the
economic impacts along with the trends.
Economic impact model
The values and volume changes are effectively measured, analysed and estimated with this
model. This techniques is used to estimate the revenue produced from the holiday business in
the Philippines with entire employment supports in the production to authorisation of the
state. It can analyse the straight effects from the people (tourist) those who are investing in
the commercial. This prototypical considers secondary, and indirect, convinced impression
where source sequence connected and helpful amenities allied wages are measured. The
levels have to provide the information to the model in progress scheduling for reaching the
concluding decisions.
Cambridge economic impact model
Economic impact replica's improved type is this kind of ideal because it usages the top-down
method for analyzing the impression on financial morals via tourists. The greater amount of
low-level data is used by this model from the level of visitors and values generated from
them. The prototypical proposals the extra cultured assessment of financial impressions on
the Philippines. Within two stages of evaluation of impact, the model first determines the
worth and size of the tourists and formerly analyze the influences of tourists on the native
public in the nation.
STEAM model

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Scarborough Tourism Economic Movement Display ideal offer the info about the impression
by analyzing the drifts on day remaining companies. The ideal procedures the four efforts to
produce the real consequences for very nearly each zone:
 Facts near about the usage of lodging amenities by proportions. It is deliberate from
the sort of lodging amenities in the Philippines.
 The ability of lodging provides to serve the vacation for visitors.
 Appearance on a call to magnetisms and occasions in the nation.
 Data delivered by traveller data hub of Philippines.
With these four inputs of the steam model, it is actual to analyze the impact of visitors on
economic changes (Ruhanen, 2013). Pro-poor vacation industry is not a process precisely but
a planned instrument to trace or locate the alterations in deficiency by visits in the nation at
the end place. The fluctuations in public lifecycle charms and deficiency quotient at the
superior terminus of Philippines are restrained through some appointments within month at a
journey's end.

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TASK 3:
LO3: Understand the need for planning for sustainable tourism
3.1 Poster
The theory of sustainability in travel expansion can be distinct as the method for meeting the
necessities of the travellers through increasing chances meant for surviving in the upcoming
lengthways through defence. Philippines is enriched by natural and cultural properties. The
tourism of Philippines requirements to stop the socio-cultural principles beside with the
support of the indigenous communal for employ and expansion to enrich and seek better
options for sustainable tourism.
Global tourism market slow have created a deep impact on the
growth in the Philippines by way of because the tourists face
problems for meeting the chances in the country. Slump vacation
industry too can encumber tourism in nation by way of persons can
continue hopeful around sure destinations of the Philippines
afterward the vast expiries in calamities on 2016. True exam of
sustainability too necessitates towards stop the travel from the
delay in Philippines.
WORLD-WIDE
TOURISM MARKET
SLOW
MISERY TOURISM
TRUE TRIAL OF
SUSTAINIBILITY
Guesthouses in
Philippines be
able to use the
crowd visitor
association to
determination
the issues of
conflicts as inns
are touching
near the old
values of
presentation in
commercial. The
foodstuff,
amenities and
provision in
hostels are
obtaining the
traditional
methods,
sculptures,
national ethics
and community
outlines to jam
and reserve the
heritage.

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3.2 Leaflet
PAY ATTENTION
JOIN
WORK TOGETHER
PLAN
INSTRUMENT
SIZE CAPABILITY
OBSERVER
APPRAISE
INTERCONNECT
FAMILIARISE
ABSORB
ESTIMATE

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TASK 4:
LO4: Understand current issues related to tourism
development planning
4.1 Methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure the future
wellbeing of a developing tourism destination
Sustainability is another main issue in tourism as like the other industries are also having, but
for the future wellbeing, the conflict of interest should be solved or resolve. The tourism of
Philippines can follow following methods to resolve the conflict are:
Interpersonal relationship among the stakeholders
The stake holders may face the conflict among themselves regarding the objectives, decision
making and profit in tourism. The terms and the reason of the conflict may be political issues,
principles of stake holders, decision making, planning, and allocation. The conflicts can be
reduced by the interpersonal communication and keeping transparency in approaches which
will lead the development of good accommodation in and around the destination. If the
process of communication is developed by the country, then it will become easier to resolve
the conflict (Yang.et.al.2014).
Enclave Tourism
The approaches are made to attract the customer of the market and benefits confirming the
tourism enclave. The process of enclave tourism can be eliminated by legislation policies and

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implication. For the development of the tourism, the stake holder can introduce the politics
for dependency on the service (Witt.et.al.2013).
The relation between the guest and the host.
The hotels of Philippines can maintain the good relation with guest as the host to resolve the
conflict. Hosts are the people of the country where tourist use to go for a tour, and the guest is
the tourists itself (Prayag, 2015). The tourist should welcome properly with the warmth, and
the problems of the guest are solved then only the relation of the guest and the host become
good for example giving proper accommodation, food and fulfilling the demand of the
tourist. Conflict arise when a hotel is under more than one agency, and the hotels fail to
supply the rooms to the guest of any agency that time the conflict take place (Ghimire,
2013).
Demonstration conflicts
When the behaviour and the change of demonstration in the industry take place that time, the
conflict among the stake holders happens. The good process of communication and working
collaboration can help to resolve the conflict among the stake holders. For effective tourism,
the changes should be observed (Nunkoo and Ramkissoon, 2013).
4.2 Implications of balancing supply and requirement
Demand is known as the buyer’s requirements or desired things. The major claim of the
buyers is the good quality of products and the request for the product delivered through the
organisation.
On the ground of tourism, one and only demand of travel and tourism sectors is to know how
many peoples are traveling and about their desired destination means where to go. Scope of

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tourism increases along with the demands of the destination for traveling. Necessity of the
tourism is analysed or evaluate with simultaneous use and frequent consumption of the
tourism associated product or materials. This shows that more people are visiting and for that,
the hotels should arrange more rooms and beds to accommodate those tourists by providing
good foods and restaurant service. The demand of the tourism is completely based upon the
tourist attraction, opportunity, season and competition.
Supply
On the ground of tourism when the supply of all products and attraction is available for the
tourist at the destination is called supply. These are the attraction which fulfills tourism
demand. The demand of the tourism is supplying attraction shape of the tourism. The tour
operators supply or provide the transport sector, hospitality sector and attraction of the place.
Philippine is the destination where lots of attraction is available for the tourist, and it is
fruitful for the tourism department and the tour operators to grow their business. The increase
in tourism and tourist demand says that Philippine's is a successful place for the tour which
fulfills the demand of the tourist and satisfied them. The tourism suppliers of Philippine's in
the sector of tourism gives proper supplier to the tourist. Supply is the important part of the
tourism because if the supply is not proper, a country can lose its tourism which will affect
the economy of that country, so a good supply of every product is required to provide good
service to the tourist in that location.
4.3 Moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism
Enclave tourism enclosed the tourist destination and the entire tourist Activity which has
been conducted in that particular enclosed area. The operators do not allow the tourist to go

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out at the remote area but give them the experience of tourism and traveling attraction in that
enclosed area. The tourism enclave involves the ships, resort, and islands.
On the other hand, we can say enclave tourism as customized tourism because the tourist is
getting each and everything what they are demanding in that particular destination.
When the communication between the tourist and the local people get decreased that time the
problem use to arise. This reduces the earning of the local people from the tourism.
The moral and the ethical issues related to enclave tourism are:
1. In Philippine's local people does not get any advantage because the tourist is not
allowed to access the enclave areas, so there is no interaction between the local people
and the tourist.
2. The cultural and the heritage of the tourism get affected by tourism which is the most
important tourist attraction of Philippines. There are many places where the tourist is
restricted to visit because those places are under the security of the country and for
that reason people cannot access the historical place. This is another factor where the
tourism reduces.
Poor people cannot earn money properly from the tourism because they use to earn in an
illegal way that is crime and prostitution.

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TASK 5:
LO5: Understand the socio-cultural, environmental and
economic impacts of tourism in developing countries
and emerging destinations
5.1. Compare current issues associated with tourism development in
a developing country and an emerging destination where the
impacts of tourism are different
Different aspects of tourism and its impact
Economic Impact: main benefits of this tourism is to get the earning incomes by this sectors
helps to improve the nation’s economy. Development of tourism sector on the way to
eradicate the unemployment. Cultural heritages well preserved and got famous for this
sectors.
Social-cultural aspect: tourism and travel industry helps to develop the country’s living
standards through interconnecting peoples. Cultural admixture of different countries
happened due to the travel and tourism industry, it also shows its impact on the host country
and its people.
Environmental aspect: due to the tours and travels sectors overall environment of the
country got improved by the government. Sometimes the environmental factors are got
affected by the different kind of travel and tourism motives.
Tourism in Developing and emerged countries
The economic growth and the development affect the tourism business by the destination and
the country. The impact and the attraction of the tourist are very much different for both the

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developed and developing countries. This is the main differences between the emerging
country and the developed countries. The emerging destinations economy is growing faster,
and the costing is varied up on the economy, but the tourism is not developing as faster as the
economy, so they need help from the emerging countries to develop the tourism. Tourism
state of the emerging countries gets categorized by the World Bank accordingly. Countries
like U.S and U.K. identified as the developed countries by calculating their per capita
income.
Tourism in Nepal: Nepal is a developing nation. Flora, fauna and the mountains are the
main attraction of that country. The resorts and the hotels are available at reasonable prices to
the tourist, and the accommodation is good for which they are successfully providing the
service to the tourist. Traffic and the transportation are the main drawbacks of the countries
because for the narrow roads and poor transport facilities. The tourism of Nepal is restricted
because for the frequent terrorist attack. The government of the country fails to manage this
type of the issues for that reason the tourism of the country is restricted.
Tourism in France: France is among the developed countries, and it attracts lots of tourist
for its beauty. France has many attractive destinations, and that attracts many tourists from
worldwide. Language is the main brier in that place which restricted tourism because each
and every thing in that place is written and given in French, so the peoples who do not
understand French will face difficulties to visit that place. The biggest issue in that place is
that price of everything is very high and expensive to shop for the tourist.
5.2. Evaluate, with recommendations, the future development of
tourism in these chosen destinations
Though currently there are issues in the tourism industry, however the situation is expected to
better as the spending power of people is increasing across the world. With social media

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expanding, two countries are getting enough focus leading to the popularity of both the
places. The two countries should focus on developing and identifying new places for
adventure tourism and should organise extensive marketing campaign to showcase these
places. Adventure tourism, nature tourism is the current trends in tourism and aligning the
tourism policies in this direction would help in getting more business.
Another area for improvement especially for Nepal is the development of infrastructure.
Government should take measures to develop local transportation facilities so that tourists
can move conveniently in Nepal (Telfer and Sharpley, 2015). Also there is need to develop
world class hotels and restaurants in Nepal so that tourists can enjoy their stay. Hungary has
good infrastructure and needs to focus upon the human resources available in the country.
Skill improvement program will benefit the industry. Both Nepal and Hungary needs to work
on the language barrier so that the tourists can converse freely.
In the current global environment, terrorism is a threat to all countries. It is important for both
the countries to make sure that the security measures are sufficient to ensure the security of
the tourists. Government needs to make sure that there are policies implemented which are
sufficient to regulate the tourism industry in the country (Edgell Sr, 2016). This will help in
promoting tourism industry in the country.
Recommendation for Nepal
some initiatives to develop the tourism of Nepal by the government of Nepal
 transport facilities should be develop
 new, convenient and better road for transport should construct for the tourists
 Tourist parties should get the high security amenities by the government
 Good quality of accommodation and food facilities should be delivered to the tourists
 Preservation of national culture and heritages

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Recommendation for France
most of the guidelines, sign boards written in a common language like English for better
understand.
 Language should be known or practices to communicate with the native people of the
destinations.
 Government guideline facilities should be offered to the tourists.
 Government should fixed a low price for the tourists for shopping purposes.

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