Study On Work Pressure And Turnover Intention Of Kindergarten Teachers
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Added on 2019-09-30
Study On Work Pressure And Turnover Intention Of Kindergarten Teachers
Added on 2019-09-30
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A STUDY ON WORK PRESSURE ANDTURNOVER INTENTION OFKINDERGARTEN TEACHERS IN HONGKONG
TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW...............................................................................12.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................12.2 Definition of terms....................................................................................................12.2.1.1Stimulating orientation pressure perspective......................................................12.2.1.2(2) The pressure points of reaction orientation...................................................22.2.1.3 (3) The pressure points of interaction orientation..............................................32.2.2.1 Workload............................................................................................................32.2.2.2 Teaching Effectiveness......................................................................................42.2.2.3 Pressure on Interpersonal Relationships...........................................................42.2.2.4 Pressure of Unfair Acquisition...........................................................................52.2.3 Definition of Turnover Intention.............................................................................52.3Kindergarten Teachers' Sources of Work Pressure.................................................62.4The Relationship between Work Pressure and Turnover Intention of KindergartenTeachers........................................................................................................................72.5 Conclusion...............................................................................................................82.6 research gap............................................................................................................8CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................93.1 Methods...................................................................................................................93.2 Research target........................................................................................................93.3 Sampling................................................................................................................103.4 Research tools.......................................................................................................11Survey and interview pls refer to the ethical form........................................................11The content of the questionnaire.................................................................................123.5 Research procedure..............................................................................................16
3.6 Ethical issues.........................................................................................................173.7 Analysis method.....................................................................................................183.8 Conclusion.............................................................................................................18REFERENCES................................................................................................................19
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionA literature review is being regarded as the process of evaluating differentsecondary sources with an aim to get an answer to the research questions (Sandilosand et al., 2018). In other words, it can also be said that literature review is the scholarlypapers that possess knowledge and information concerning the specific topic in aneffectual way. Here, with regard to the current study different secondary sources will bereviewed. These are books, journals, and online articles, etc. 2.2 Definition of termsIn this part, views and opinions of different authors are being reviewed. Here, allthe basic terms that are associated with the given study has been defined.2.2.1Definition of PressureAccording to the viewpoint of Yang and et al. (2018), the pressure is beingdefined as the burden of both physical as well as mental distress. On the other hand,Suhonen and et al. (2018) have depicted that pressure is being defined as the amountof force that is being put up by an individual in some specific area. Pressure is workalways causes a direct impact on the physical as well as the mental condition of anindividual. Thus, due to this, a specific person will be affected by a high level of stress.Thus, the given thing will have a direct impact on the type of work that is beingperformed by them. On the other hand, it has also been seen that in high pressuringsituation an individual will not be able to give its best in relation to the task that is beingassigned to it. 2.2.1.1Stimulating orientation pressure perspectiveAs per the viewpoint of Coste (2017), it has been analyzed that academicpressure in preschool has been repeatedly which is shown to be insufficient for lastingeducational success. The academic instruction is presumed which inhibit the intellectualdevelopment by directly fostering the superficial learning of simple responses instead ofreal understanding along with the ability of problem-solving which having a negativeimpact on social-motivational variables which have an impact on learning-relatedbehaviors such as persistence of efforts. Additional pressure on Kindergarten programs1
comes from the primary teachers, which assist in facing the requirements for moreeffective instruction along with higher pupil achievement. A growing number of statesalong with the localities which have raised the age of Kindergarten eligibility as it offersthe change expectations for the education and Kindergarten children According to Coste (2017), it has been examined that the issue is not whether inkeeping the children with age-mates and may stimulate with the support childrendevelopment. It assists in continuing to uphold the pictures along with the programwhich is predicated on failure. It may not foster the success of any students. Decreasingthe class size, making the curriculum which is less abstract and it is associated with theconceptual development of children. Along with this, the child-oriented teachers who areplaced in the Kindergarten programs as well as assuring the child access to high-qualityprograms to attain the educational goal of success for all students. 2.2.1.2(2) The pressure points of reaction orientationAs per the viewpoint of Goulden (2012), it has been examined that student-teacher relationship is a function of both teacher’s reaction to the student along with thestudent’s reaction to the teacher. This result is neither teacher, nor student behaviorsoperate in a vacuum and also assist in playing an important role in an overallrelationship. The rationale of using the particular measure is that it is recognized as areliable measure for the self-reported reactions to the stressful events as well as assistin explaining another dimension of a child’s life. If a child or family is experiencingstressful life events at home, the level of stress has an impact on the performance of thechild at the school. As per the viewpoint of Goulden (2012), it has been analyzed that the teachers ofKindergarten using the social learning theory emphasizes the importance of observingas well as modeling the behaviors, attitudes along with the emotional reactions ofothers. Students of Kindergarten assist in observing the behaviors of the other studentsalong with the responses of teachers to these behaviors, and this could be motivating achild to behave differently across the classrooms and over time. 2
2.2.1.3 (3) The pressure points of interaction orientationAccording to Booren et al. (2012), it has been analyzed that Kindergartenteachers in Hong Kong have been criticized for not incorporating the perspective intotheir practice. This failure is justified by the pressure of external constraints such asdemand of academic curriculum, the expectation of parents related to success alongwith the emphasis on discipline with the Chinese culture. In the Kindergarten, thecharacteristics of the classroom, pupil-teacher interaction along with the classroommanagement have been examined which is an attempt so that they can understand thediversified stages of the development or improvement of teachers. According to..., theinteractive decision making of the effective teachers help in conducting the effectiveresearch on expert differences as well as it is postulated in involving the rapid judgment,classification of information and data as well as differentiation of important from theunimportant information and data. The work of teaching concern with the interaction ofchildren and teachers, whether the teacher teaches the class as a whole, groups orindividuals. This assist in maintaining the setting for the interaction between teacher andpupils which is held to lie at the heart of learning along with the teaching process as wellas aid in determining the pattern and character. 2.2.2.1 WorkloadAccording to the viewpoint of von Suchodoletz and et al. (2019) workload isbeing defined as the amount of work that needs to be performed by an individual duringthe specific time frame. In addition to this, the Jeon, Buettner, and Grant (2018) havealso depicted that workload includes the number of obligations as well as tasks thatneed to be performed by the person in the specific time frame. For example, if anindividual is given more work than its capacity, then the given type of circumstances arecalled as the workload. Here, McDonald (2018) has depicted that it is very important forthe organization that it should always make efforts in terms of avoiding the workloadtype of situation. This is because; if it is not done then in this situation the impact of thesame will be seen on the sales and profitability related situation of the firm. Thus, it isvery significant for the firm that it should take measures in terms of segregating the workamong different individuals so that pressure cannot be created on the one single person3
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