Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Airport Operations: A Study on Dubai Airport

This research proposal aims to elaborate the role of Artificial Intelligence in enhancing the Dubai Airport transportations services. The study investigates the significance of Artificial Intelligence as an effective tool for making better changes for customer satisfaction at Dubai Airport. The proposal includes the overview and significance of the study, aim and objectives, relevant literature, research design, methodology, assumed outcomes and implications, expected timescale, and references.

Research Proposal 1
The role of Artificial Intelligence in enhancing the airport operations in transportation
services: An analytical study on Dubai Airport, United Arab Emirates

Research Proposal 2
Contents
Overview and significance of the proposed study.......................................................................................3
Aim and Objectives.....................................................................................................................................4
Relevant literature.......................................................................................................................................5
Research Design..........................................................................................................................................8
Methodology...............................................................................................................................................8
Assumed Outcomes and implications........................................................................................................11
Expected Timescale...................................................................................................................................11
References.................................................................................................................................................14

Research Proposal 3
Overview and significance of the proposed study
In the turn of the 21st century, transportation experts confront difficulties of expanding
multifaceted nature. Transportation experts are solicited to meet the objectives from giving safe,
productive, and solid transportation while limiting the effect on environment and communities. It
has become difficult for transportation to manage the increasing demand of the travel, fuelled by
economic development and consistently developing requests to do more with less. Along with
that, there are some major issues which are confronting by transportation professionals are lack
of quality, wasted energy, poor wellbeing record and unreliability. The interest towards
exploring the viability of applying artificial intelligence (AI) paradigms is increased in order to
develop the safety, environmental compatibility and efficiency of the transportation systems.
Artificial Intelligence researchers, particularly in the 1960s, embraced elevated objectives for the
field, for instance, the development of the common-aim problem solvers. The main motto of this
research proposal is to define the utilization of the tools and techniques that the AI people group
has developed to address the issues regarding the transportation that has been not that much easy
for the company to resolve using classical and traditional solutions methods. Dubai Airport,
United Arab Emirates is the most prominent and busiest airport in the world that is why the
significance of AI is massive for this airport to resolve the issues that can impact the growth of
the Airport. AI refers to techniques and methodologies that are able to copy the behavior to
resolve the issues which cannot be resolved by classical mathematics.

Research Proposal 4
Aim and Objectives
Aim
The aim of this research proposal is to elaborate the role of Artificial Intelligence in enhancing
the Dubai Airport transportations services.
Objectives
The objectives of this research are the following mentioned:
 To critically evaluate the importance of Artificial Intelligence in Dubai Airport.
 To examine the advantages of the implementation of Artificial Intelligence for easy
regulations of transportation for the customers.
 To liable to the benefits for customers for their end to end services for the facilitation of
faster and easier procedures for air travel.
Research Questions
This study investigates the significance of Artificial Intelligence as an effective tool for making
better changes for customer satisfaction at Dubai Airport. The research study aims to response to
the following questions:
 To critically review the importance of Artificial Intelligence in Dubai Airport.
 To analyze the current challenges and problems facing by the airport in Dubai due to the
inefficient approach of Artificial Intelligence.
 To evaluate the advantages for customers due to the implementation of AI for easy and
effective regulations of transportation.

Research Proposal 5
Relevant literature
According to Poole and Mackworth, (2010), the role of the technology is huge in making
amendments to interact with their customers and making business decisions along with building
workflows. It has been found that there are many actions such as booking a flight via phone seem
unusual these days. In a 21s century, Real-time access to data permits organizations to take
effective steps in order to increase the operational efficiency. AI technologies are utilization for a
number of aspects of airline operation management. It has been found that Air travel can be more
panic even for random and experienced travelers whose passports are running out of clean pages
(Nilsson, 2009). They have multiple tasks to do such as checking bags or searching a gate before
getting themselves into a plane seat. For this purpose, airlines have learned about pain points of
the airport as well as flight experience by data analysis can develop the customer service in a
more efficient manner. using AI for feedback analysis allows airlines to make effective decisions
in order to meet the expectations of the customers. Palinkas, et. al., (2015), argued that the role
of AI in the technology industry is huge as it is able to simulate the human intelligence processes
by making use of the computer systems and machines to get the information, reach conclusions
and resolve the conflicts. It has relevant technologies such as, the Internet of Things (IoT), Big
data and Augmented and Virtual Reality (AR/VR) which has become highly specialized.
In the context of Dubai Airport, the role of the artificial intelligence keeps huge importance in
developing customer satisfaction. It is the busiest airport all over the world as many passengers
come at Dubai airport for different purpose such as for traveling, business purpose and many
more (Balakrishna, Ganesan and Sherry, 2008). Self-driving electric vehicles are one of the
examples of artificial intelligence which can turn up at Dubai International airport to assist
airside crew run daily operations. There is another example of robocars which would be helpful

Research Proposal 6
in providing mega facility run more smoothly and reinforce the status of the airports as the
busiest airport regarding to the international passengers traffic in 2016 and en route to drumming
89 million travellers this year (Bednar, Babic, Albert, Paralic and Bartok, 2011). The use of AI has
not limited up above-mentioned advantages as it would be helpful for the airline passengers to
pick their onboard meals or schedule a pickup status by an airport taxi chauffeur. It has been
found that there are some projects related to AI which was considered by the government of
Emirates. These future projects were emphasized at the time of visiting of Shaikh Mohammad
Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE. Along with that, it has
been found that in the context of the airport experience enhancement, it has been announced in
may 2017 that around $600,000-worth would be invested in four self-service bag checking
machines. The customer and the airport operations in transportation services will be benefitted
with the help of the AI at Dubai Airport (TCS, 2018).
Barrere, et. al., (2018), found that the major concern in this industry is an on-time performance
which can be considered as the customer experience indicator and flight delays. On the other
hand, an airline is not able to handle the weather and decreasing the impact of delays and
proactively conveying with consumers that can draw a difference (Bennett and Hauser, 2013). For
instance, faster insights into upcoming delays would be able to initiate more effective schedules
for ground crews airport gates and flight crews.

Research Proposal 7
Figure 1: AI Imitates Human Action to Mimic Human Intelligence
Source: (TCS, 2018).
The above mentioned image shows that AI amplifies in capability and complexity and it moves
from imitating human action to mimicking human intelligence (Karwowski and Ahram, 2017).
In the context of Dubai Airport, it has been found that people can walk through and they will be
scanned. The government of Dubai is planning to decrease the presence of officers by 2020
hopefully and it has been assumed by them that it would be fully deployed in all the country
(Pudney, 2015). This system will be developed at new airport of Abu Dhabi which would be set
to open in 2019. Al Raisi said that Artificial intelligence was set to amend the way national
security works on a worldwide level. It has been reported by the government of Dubai Airport
that back in October, the airport was trialing an effective aquarium smart gate (Altexsoft, 2018).
It has been made in the form of the short tunnel and the swimming variety of fish motivates
travelers to look around. This kind of activity helps the camera to get a look at every angle of the
traveller's face that allow them to recognize them quickly (Al-Gindy, 2018).
However, the implementation would be helpful for Dubai Airport but it is necessary for them to
take care of some factors which can be the reason for falling into the trap. The deep pockets trap
is one of them as in most companies; the department of IT spends most of their time on
technology. It has been found that the IT department can make a solid case for utilizing AI to
prevent data centers as well as networks. IT keeps huge importance in technology budget but it
does not mean that it compulsory follows the share of the lion of AI investments. In effect, a
company would be able to get a huge ROI from targeted AI investments in various functions of
procurement and finance in order to cut down on fraudulent transactions of customers (Russell

Research Proposal 8
and Norvig, 2016). There is another trap which is the robot trap which refers to beware entice of
shiny objects. An AI-made tool that shows potentially fake customer’s purchase might not have
the similar presence as a robot, but it can have enough advantages to the company’s bottom line
(Makadia, 2018).
Research Design
Methodology
Research philosophy
Research philosophy is the valuable technique that assists in collecting information regarding the
research topic in an effective way. There are three research philosophies such as Interpretivism,
positivism and realism philosophy are key aspects of the research in which the role of the
interpretivism philosophy facilitates in creating an effective understanding regarding the
concerns of issues. On the other hand, Realism philosophy depends on human beliefs. The role
of the positivism philosophy shows the information on the basis of fact and knowledge.
Interpretivism philosophy is taken for this research proposal for the purpose to get the
information regarding the perceptions of the participants.
Research approach
The role of the research approach is huge for the research as it facilitates in gathering the
information related to the issues of the research. Inductive and deductive are two kinds of
research approaches in which the deductive approach is effective in comparison of other

Research Proposal 9
approaches but it considers the positivist philosophy. On the other hand, inductive approach
facilitates research by considering the interpretivism philosophy. To gather the information,
inductive approach is being selected in order to attain subjective knowledge.
Research design
Exploratory, descriptive and causal research designs are major kind of research. The exploratory
research design is useful when the hypothesis is made. On the other hand, the role of the
descriptive research design is able to give support to the researcher in order to gain information
about the issues of the research. The casual research design focuses on casual reality in order to
make the effective bond between variables. For this research study, the combination of
exploratory and descriptive research designs is opted to make an effective research (Lewis, 2015).
This combination of method will facilitate in getting information regarding the concern of the
research for the purpose of meeting the aims and objectives of the research.
Research strategy
However, there are various research strategies like literature review, survey through a
questionnaire, interview, experiment, case study and focused groups. The research will select the
survey and interview research strategy as it helps the researcher to gather facts regarding the use
of AI at Dubai Airports. Survey strategy would smooth the progress of the researcher to
congregate the information in less cost which amplifies the dependability of the research. On the
other hand, the interview will confer the opportunity to appreciate the perception and view of
each participant.

Research Proposal 10
Data collection method
Primary and secondary are two methods of collecting the data in which the combination of both
will be considered to collect the information. The primary data can be gathered with the help of
the interview, the survey through questionnaire and action research (Neuman, 2013). The
secondary data can be collected for this research by taking consideration of the magazines,
internet sources and newspaper magazines. The researcher will use survey through questionnaire
and the same will be used in the interview session to get instant feedback and responses related
to the questions of the research (Gill, Stewart, Treasure and Chadwick, 2008).
Sampling method
Probability and non-probability sampling strategy are two key methods of sampling strategy
which assists the researcher to collect the specific information from the divergent population
(Palinkas, et. al., 2015). Random sampling strategy is taken into consideration in which 50
employees of Dubai Airport are selected.
Data analysis
Data analysis is the technique that facilitates to analyze the collected data for the purpose of
drawing the valid as well as reliable outcomes. However, there are different kinds of methods
such as content analysis, statistical analysis, conversational analysis, and disclosure analysis but
for this proposal statistical data analysis will be taken into consideration as it is an effective
technique which is able to describe the depth information about the collected data. MS Excel and
SPSS software will be used for this research proposal to interpret the data.
Ethical consideration

Research Proposal 11
The ethical consideration is considered as the key aspect of the whole research in which the
researcher has taken prior permission to the participants. It will be making sure by the researcher
that the personal information of the participants would not be disclosed during the research and it
will be vanished after completing the research.
Assumed Outcomes and implications
The research has made on the role of Artificial Intelligence in enhancing the airport operations in
transportation services: An analytical study on Dubai Airport, United Arab Emirates. The model
of AI Imitates Human Action to Mimic Human Intelligence has been described in order to
elaborate the importance of the AI in airports. It has been analyzed throughout this study that the
main focus of this research on the advantages of the implementation of Artificial Intelligence for
easy regulations of transportation for the customers. However, the research can go beyond the
topic with the help of evaluation of other airports that use AI for making better customer
experience. Significant discussion can be ended in more assignment concerning about AI.
Expected Timescale
S.
No.
Actions Time
frame
(months)
Details
A Selection of the topic 4 months It is the first step in which the topic of the research
will be selected.

Research Proposal 12
B Research Planning 10
months
Planning of the entire research will be made in this
step which will elaborate the every activity of the
research.
C Functioning of the
selected plan
8 months The research planning will be developed in this step
which will be the pillar of the entire research.
D Data collection
method
8 months This fourth step will be cooperative for the researcher
to determine an effective suitable loom and strategy
to gather the data.
E Data analysis 8 months The data will be analysed in this step in which
random sampling method will be chosen which will
give chance every member of the population to get
selected.
F Discussion 5 months The discussion will be made related to the analyzed
data so that an effective conclusion can be made in a
reliable manner.
G Conclusion and
Recommendation
5 months The conclusion will be made and the
recommendations will be given by considering the

Research Proposal 13
data analysis and discussions.

Research Proposal 14
References
Al-Gindy, A., 2018. Artificial Intelligence: A Case Study on Risk Mitigation. IJCSNS, 18(4),
p.10.
Altexsoft, 2018. 7 Ways Airlines Use Artificial Intelligence and Data Science to Improve
Operations. Available [online] https://www.altexsoft.com/blog/datascience/7-ways-how-airlines-
use-artificial-intelligence-and-data-science-to-improve-their-operations/ Accessed on 14th Oct
2018.
Balakrishna, P., Ganesan, R. and Sherry, L., 2008. Airport taxi-out prediction using approximate
dynamic programming: intelligence-based paradigm. Transportation Research Record: Journal
of the Transportation Research Board, (2052), pp.54-61.
Barrere Jr, C.A., Eilts, M., Johnson, J., Fritchie, R., Spencer, P., Shaw, B., Li, Y., Ladwig, W.,
Schudalla, R. and Mitchell, D., 2008, January. An Aviation Weather Decision Support System
(AWDSS) for the Dubai International Airport. In 13th Conf. on Aviation, Range, and Aerospace
Met.
Bednar, P., Babic, F., Albert, F., Paralic, J. and Bartok, J., 2011. Design and implementation of
local data mining model for short-term fog prediction at the airport. )^(Eds.):‘Book Design and
implementation of local data mining model for short-term fog prediction at the airport’(IEEE,
2011, edn.), pp.349-353.
Bennett, C.C. and Hauser, K., 2013. Artificial intelligence framework for simulating clinical
decision-making: A Markov decision process approach. Artificial intelligence in medicine, 57(1),
pp.9-19.

Research Proposal 15
Gill, P., Stewart, K., Treasure, E. and Chadwick, B., 2008. Methods of data collection in
qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. British dental journal, 204(6), p.291.
Karwowski, W. and Ahram, T. eds., 2017. Intelligent Human Systems Integration: Proceedings
of the 1st International Conference on Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2018):
Integrating People and Intelligent Systems, January 7-9, 2018, Dubai, United Arab
Emirates (Vol. 722). Springer.
Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), pp.473-475.
Makadia, M. 2018. How Artificial Intelligence Powered Customer Service Will Help Customer
Support Agents. Available [online] http://customerthink.com/how-artificial-intelligence-
powered-customer-service-will-help-customer-support-agents/. Accessed on 14th Oct 2018.
Neuman, W.L., 2013. Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Pearson education.
Nilsson, N.J., 2009. The quest for artificial intelligence. Cambridge University Press.
Palinkas, L.A., Horwitz, S.M., Green, C.A., Wisdom, J.P., Duan, N. and Hoagwood, K., 2015.
Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation
research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services
Research, 42(5), pp.533-544.
Palinkas, L.A., Horwitz, S.M., Green, C.A., Wisdom, J.P., Duan, N. and Hoagwood, K., 2015.
Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation

Research Proposal 16
research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services
Research, 42(5), pp.533-544.
Palinkas, L.A., Horwitz, S.M., Green, C.A., Wisdom, J.P., Duan, N. and Hoagwood, K., 2015.
Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation
research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services
Research, 42(5), pp.533-544.
Poole, D.L. and Mackworth, A.K., 2010. Artificial Intelligence: foundations of computational
agents. Cambridge University Press.
Pudney, H. 2015. Immigration officers in the UAE will be replaced with AI by 2020. Available [online]
http://emirateswoman.com/immigration-officers-in-dubai-will-be-replaced-with-ai-by-2020/.
Accessed on 14th Oct 2018.
Russell, S.J. and Norvig, P., 2016. Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. Malaysia; Pearson
Education Limited,.
TCS, 2018. Where to Turn AI and Automation Loose in Your Company. Available [online]
https://www.tcs.com/perspectives/articles/where-to-turn-AI-and-automative-loose-in-your-
company. Accessed on 14th Oct 2018.