Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and
Physiology

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
Application of anatomical terminology.......................................................................................3
LO2..................................................................................................................................................6
Physiological principles of key body systems.............................................................................6
LO3..................................................................................................................................................7
Independent literature research on key physiological system.....................................................7
LO4..................................................................................................................................................8
Relationship between the structure and function of key systems and their organs.....................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Human Anatomy can be defined as the study of the structure and relationship between body
parts. It encompasses with the techniques the parts of humans from molecules to bones,
interconnect with each other in order to form a functional unit. Physiology is basically the study
related to part of body functions and also the human body as a whole. Present report will lay
emphasis on understanding basic anatomical terminology. It will also explain the physiological
principles of key body system. Assignment will discuss about Informative section on the
physiological principles and functions of the urinary, musculoskeletal, nervous and endocrine
systems, including explaining structure to function links.
LO1
Application of anatomical terminology
Musculoskeletal system: This system basically consists of bones in the body that supports
and allows motions, this system is also engaged in protecting the vital organs of body. One of the
most significant function of Musculoskeletal is to provide support and movement. This system is
also being involved in storing calcium and phosphorus. In order to enable motion various bones
are being integrated by articulating joints. Main role of this system is to give protection to human
body structure. Lipids and minerals are also being installed by forming new cells of blood.
Figure 1 : Anatomy of Human Body

(Source: rimo, Ghebremedhin and Gelpi, 2018)
Urinary system: This system is also known as renal or urinary tract system. Main purpose
this system is to pass out waste material from the human body. Regulation related to pressure of
blood and volume of blood is also being done by this system. It has been analysed that urine is
being prepared in the kidneys by filtering blood. After that urine is being passed from ureters to
the bladder and the bladder stores. When human body urinates, urine passes from bladder
through urethra to the outside of body.
Figure 2: Urinary System of Human Body
(Source: Tortora and Derrickson, 2018 )
Nervous system: This system in body is basically divided in two parts one is central
nervous system and other one is peripheral nervous system. CNS major parts includes the brain
and spinal cord. One of the major function of nervous system is to pass signals from the CNS
brain to the whole body and also vice versa. It is engaged in basically having control over the
ability to move, breathe, think and see. Human Body is stable because of this system.