Assembly Language with Research and Analysis

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Table of contents for every detailed section.
Abstract ....................................................................................... 3
Introduction ....................................................................................4
Recent Processors architecture ...............................................................5
System Design ................................................................................ 7
Limitation...................................................................................... 8
Future Enhancement ...........................................................................9
Conclusion ...................................................................................... 10
Reference .......................................................................................11
Appendix ......................................................................................... 12
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Abstract
Assembly language abbreviated as asm makes it possible for humans to communicate with com-
puters. It is a low level programming language. It is the closest method of communication hu-
mans can engage in with a computer. It makes it possible for programmers to observe the flow
of data and execution in a program. It is dependent on machine code instructions
Assembly has a lot of benefits such that it is difficult , close to impossible, to decompile the
code once the program has been compiled which implies one can observe a program already
compiled to see the assembly language. Another advantage is that it is useful for low level opera-
tions that are hardware-specific like kernel components and bootloaders. Assembly language has
less overhead on its code as compared to high level languages thus making its code run faster
and uses less memory. It is the best for writing interrupt service routines and other memory resi-
dent programs.
Forensic uses Assembly to find out what a process has been done during the incident. This is
achieved by recovering the trail of function calls it has made when executing that can be re-
trieved from the process assembly code and stack from the memory. Assembly makes it possible
for the programmer to track the flow of data and execution in a program.
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Introduction on Assembly Language with research and analysis for the given case study
Assembly language uses an assembler is a program that takes in the basic computer instructions
and converts them into a pattern of bits which the computer's processor can use to undertake its
basic operations.
Assembly is the most powerful computer programming language available. Programmers get in-
sight to write effective code in high-level languages when they understand assembly language.
The instructions written in assembly language are changed to machine code of 0s and 1s by use
of a translator. The translator translates one by one to execute machine instructions. The machine
only executes what you want it to do and the necessary activities to perform the task thus makes
program execution fast as possible.
It gives access to I/O and themachine-dependent registers as well as the control of the exact
code behavior in critical sections . Assembly language makes a programmer have an understand-
ing of instruction set architecture. A microprocessor executes a program written in assembly
language.
The various programs that compile low level programming languages include TASM, TLINK
and GUI Turbo Assembler.
Assembly language
Computer assembly language is a single executable machine language instruction It is a combi-
nation of letters which suggests the operation of an instruction
LD stands for LoaD . LDA stands for LoaD Accumulator. LOAD and STORE commands are
used to allocate to and deallocate from a register. The MOV instruction moves data around (See
Appendix 1)
Interrupts are used to call a subroutine of the system to be executed. There are two types of inter-
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rupts that include a read character from standard input,the result is stored in AL. The write char-
acter to standard output, DL = character to write. (See Appendix 2 and Appendix 3)
The main directives of assembly language are starting addresses for programs, then starting the
values for memory locations and specify the end of program text. Assembly language takes loop
instructions that provide an easy method to repeat a certain block of statements severally.
Nested loops was implemented to generate the right pyramid (see picture 2)
Advantages of Assembly Language
It helpd the prgrammer know how to interface with the BIOS, the Operating system and the pro-
cessor. One knows data representation in the memory as well us other external devices like the
USB , micro card and the hard disks. A programmer gets an understanding of how the processor
executes as well as access the instructions via ther internal harddisk and the external devices and
processs the data.
Assembly needs less memory thus less time to execute a program, It makes the execution of
complex jobs that are hardware specific be easy. It is best for writing memory residing programs
as well as interrupt servce routines. It is the best to hand the jobs that are time critical.
Use of Assembly in forensic
Since assembly is more secure and it directly manages PC hardware it is best for use in foren-
sic.Since they are used to separate the ASCII and UNICODE characters from binary records
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from that could fast-track a method toward finding shrouded information.
Assembly is used with the signature file to scan a thin client gadget to find harmful injected
scripts.
Assembly language gives huge information which can be acquired by correlating this informa-
tion through analyzing the thread stacks in forensic analysis Assemblies have a lot of metadata
that include version number, localization details, and other product details. This is important in
forensic.
Recent processors architecture and describe the similarities and differences
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