Construction Cost Management Case Studies

This assignment is based on a collection of academic papers related to construction project management. The provided sources cover a range of topics, including cost management, human resource planning, risk management, quality assurance, and project governance. The sources are from reputable journals and books, providing a solid foundation for research in construction project management.

Running head: HND ASSIGNMENT
Unit 17: Project Management for Construction and the Built Environment
Student Name:
University Name:
Lecturer: Fandy Cheung / Dr. Peter Kwan

1HND ASSIGNMENT
Table of Contents
Task 1....................................................................................................................................................2
Task 1.1 – Project management practices.........................................................................................2
Task 1.2 – Role of project managers................................................................................................4
Task 2....................................................................................................................................................5
Task 2.1 - Key characteristics and qualities of the effective project managers................................5
Task 2.2 – Types of education, training and occupational standards...............................................6
Task 3....................................................................................................................................................7
Task 3.1 – Duties and responsibilities of project managers.............................................................8
Task 3.2 – Contractual implications of using external consultants or internal teams......................9
Task 3.3 – Relationship between project managers with design and construction teams..............10
Task 4..................................................................................................................................................11
Task 4.1 – Role of client in the construction process.....................................................................11
Task 4.2 – Advantages to clients of using project management.....................................................13
Task 4.3 – Evaluating improvement of quality and standards........................................................14
Task 5..................................................................................................................................................15
Task 5.1 – Evaluating changes to priorities and list of priorities...................................................15
Task 5.2 – Explanation on the use of best practices in project management.................................16
Task 5.3 – Explanation on how project managers can add value to the construction process.......17
References...........................................................................................................................................19

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Task 1
Task 1.1 – Project management practices
This project depicts commercial development of a construction project in Hong Kong, 11-29
Davis Street. The site location and bored piles are also proposed accordingly. Certain project
management practices are to be considered in the construction and build environment, in reaction to
time, cost, quality and many others. Moreover, it can be said that with the help of project
management best practices the project manager can successfully meet the construction requirements
within estimated time, budget and quality. This particular section highlights the key elements and all
associate best practices those are necessary for managing multiple construction projects. The
construction project’s best practices for both the preliminary and implementation stages are
elaborated in this section. The leading constriction project practices are as follows:
Development of project charter: This is the initial phase that must be followed by the project
manager as it identifies the requirement of the project. Additionally, the construction project charter
should also provide the following project information:
 Assigning project manager and also their authority level
 Creation of standard construction level guidelines, work instruction, evaluation
criteria of the proposal and also the performance measurement criteria
 Identification of project selection method (Kerzner and Kerzner 2017)
 Identification of project management methodologies
 Defining project scope
 Procedures for record retention
 Communication plan with the stakeholders
 Risk control plan
 Identification or procedures for issuing and approving the work authorization
Development of preliminary project scope statement: This process or phase defines the
project in a more elaborated way and also helps to identify those requirements that have to be
accomplished. The characteristics and boundaries of the construction project are also defines from
the project scope statement (Walker 2015). In addition to this, it also gives the acceptance methods
of the work and scope control. It also contains the following:
 Objectives of the construction project
 Service requirement and deliverable of the project
 Initially defined risks (Kerzner 2018)
 The order of the magnitude cost estimate
 Requirements of approval
Implementation of project management plan: This is the process which defines the way
through which the construction project will be successfully executed, controlled, monitored and
closed. This process contains the following:
 The process of project management that has been selected by the construction project
management team
 In order to accomplish the project objective how the blueprint will be executed
 The methods through which the changes can be controlled and monitored
 The communication technique to be followed among the project stakeholders

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 For addressing the open issues and pending decisions key management review of for
the content, extent (Castillo, Alarcon and Pellicer 2018)
 Detail elaboration of risk register to identify and monitor risks
 Best practices detailing the contracts for the construction services, it clearly defines
the standard of performance and all measurable outcomes
 Identification of vendor practices
 Identification of the responsibility of the project staffs
Directing and managing project execution: The construction project manager is responsible
to play multiple roles to accomplish the activities defined in objectives and project cope statement.
The best practices of this process are as follows:
 Staff training and managing project team
 Obtaining quotes, bids and project proposal
 Managing the usage of project resources (Sears et al. 2015)
 Development of risk management plan in terms of risk responsive activities
 Adoption of all approved changes into the project scope and plan
 Conduct the procurement and negotiate contracts
 Provision for ensuring the rented equipment
Monitoring and controlling project works: In this process the best construction practices
those are followed, mentioned below:
 Comparison between actual project performances with the project plan
 For identifying corrective and preventative actions, performance should be accessed
 Maintaining proper and timely information and documentation (Golini,
Kalchschmidt and Landoni 2015)
 Retain the document supporting charges against the construction project contract
 After completion of contact the performance of the contractors are evaluated by the
agencies considering, preliminarily established standard criteria
Integrated change control: In order to accommodate crucial changes to the project, the
integrated change control process should be performed. The necessary changes that are to be
incorporated are as follows:
 Managing factors that, avoid the integrated changes order to ensure only approved
changes are implementing in the construction project
 Review and approval of all requested changes
 Review and approve all corrective recommended action (Kaiser, El Arbi and
Ahlemann 2015)
 Control and update scope, budget and schedule of the project
 Documentation of the impact on the requested changes
Project closure: This is the final process and the leading practices of this process are as
follows:
 Finalizing that all activities are completed successfully
 Procedure to verify and document the project deliverable
 Final investigation and documentation
 Stakeholder signoff

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 Final contract closure
Task 1.2 – Role of project managers
The effective ability of finding, analysis and delimit the appropriate structure and attributes
of the subsystems, physical systems and components posed on various levels and also in diverse
hierarchy are crucial for the project managers. In order to accomplish the project it is necessary for
the project manager and the members of the project team to keep themselves engage to their Job
roles. The recent demands on higher level of living and superior technological development have
meant that, the large construction projects are eventually increasing in both their complexity and
size. This section evaluated the role of a project manager of a construction project. The roles of the
construction project manager re as follows:
 The main role of a construction project manager is to work closely along with the
finance department, engineers, architect, and surveyors to make sure that the project is
completed in a safe manner and also meeting the client’s requirement as well as
expectation.
 The construction manager shall administer the entire contract (Hand et al. 2015)
 The project managers are also responsible to bid on the contract and based upon the
bidding result the contractors will be selected for the construction project
 The construction manager should prepare the work forms that can be used for the
corresponding application like payment, application to inspect the work etc. Even the
contractor should also use this kind of form in his association with the construction
project manager
 The construction manager should never withdraw, alter, enlarge or release the
contractors or subcontractors of any of the project requirement of the contract documents
or even never accept any unperformed works.
 Construction managers have the power to reject works that are not conforming to the
contract document however; they are not allowed to work under the contract provision.
They are responsible to make proper constriction decision and also about the
responsibility of each of the project team members such as suppliers, employees,
contractors, subcontractors etc (Alias et al. 2014).
 Another role of the construction project manager is to receive detail blueprint of the
construction, all data about the products, raw materials and samples. They are also
responsible to coordinate those data with the details information collected from the
contractors and finally they will transmit those to the consultant to get the review
resultant.
 After getting the review result from the consultant the documents are again delivered to
the project manager to make sure that the detail design is accepted.
 The construction project manager is responsible to review and certify the payment
details before making any payment to the contractors, sub-contractors or any other.
 The engineering consultancy agreements signed between the consultant and owners are
also approved by the project managers after successful engineering supervision. They are
also responsible to ensure that, the construction is running within the estimated budget
and time as well.
 In addition to this the performance of all the project staffs are also required to be
analyzed and measured by the construction project manager. The entire contract
document should be prepared considering the client’s and supplier’s perspectives.

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 This is the responsibility of the construction project manager to consider the safety
precaution and other protection measures. The managers are also responsible to make
financial forecast, monitoring and controlling project cost and cost reporting. Different
elements are needed to be controlled to ensure that the project is running under the
estimated cost and time, those are also analyzed by the construction project managers.
 During the project ongoing phase if any changes are implemented then, the project
managers have to prepare the change order as a written instrument (Serpell et al. 2015).
Within the context of the contract the managers start their agreement through introducing
the changes. Besides this, they should monitor site safety by ensuring the requirements
of various occupational health and safety act.
 The construction change directives are prepared by the construction project managers.
This kind of changes took place in the works or activities. Before making any such
changes the proposed blueprint should be analyzed once again.
 If in the contact price, ay changes are needed then that is analyzed by the construction
project managers. In order to make this happen, they should study the effects based upon
the change nature, insurance time and critical path of the activities.
 Apart from all these the project manager are also responsible to control and monitor the
construction project progress details appropriately by preparing and expedite the project
deficiency lists. They also ensure that the required municipal inspections are performed
accurately. In addition to this, the project managers should prepare summary of the
monthly forecast of the cost details.
Task 2
Task 2.1 - Key characteristics and qualities of the effective project managers
Construction projects consist assortment of individual and organizations those are all
collected to reach the specific task within a specific time phase. Thus, leadership is referred to as
important nature of the construction manager for managing the construction projects. This particular
skill can eventually improve the productivity of the construction projects, where the outcome of the
project includes effectiveness, satisfaction and all extra efforts. This section defines the
characteristics and quality of the project managers (Parmenter 2015). The ability of the project
managers leads a construction project towards success. The characteristics of the construction
project managers are as follows:
Great communication skill: Communication skill is referred to as one of the important skills
that any project manager is required to possess to make any construction project successful. The
project manager should follow open communication approach while communicating with the
construction stakeholders. Development project managers ought to comprehend and apply powerful
correspondence all through the task running stage. Without legitimate correspondence, proficient
specialists will be not able serve best of their capacity for the development. Because of
inappropriate correspondence approach, the whole advance consequence of the project will
wrecked. A professional and experienced project manager must be able to transcribe intricate
project details in small activities to reduce the total workload from the project team members
(Spundak 2014). In order to complete all the project activities clear communication approach is very
much important to be applied.
Project managers need to delegate tasks: A construction project cannot be successfully
completed as a single person event. Not only this but also, if a single person contributes cent percent

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to the project and rest of the person do not then the project will not be able to meet the requirement
or project objectives. Throughout the project timeliness, the project managers are needed to delegate
the tasks. This might include the selection of different workers along with alternate duties for
performing specific activities. In order to reduce the work pressure and complete the task with
lesser error the task should be divided in small delegate task.
Reassess current project and activity prioritization: In order to accomplish the construction
project as a successful one it is the role of the project manager to prioritize all the project activity. In
order to complete any task physical resources and workforce are required to be allotted. All the
activities are import at for the successful completion of the project but some of those activities are
defined as much important (Ramazani and Jergeas 2015). It is the responsibility of the project
manager to prioritize the tasks and based on their ranking the cost and time should be allotted for
each of the task. For example it can be said that, due to sudden whether construction of building
roofing activity can fail. From the project perspectives that time the workers allotted for the roofing
will be assigned for anther task for those days. In order to encompass the general contractors this
particular example can also be broadened.
Problem solving skill: From the conception, it can be said that any project comes to the
project managers with lots of challenges, obstacles and issues hidden in the project background. The
construction project managers are required to possess different problem solving abilities to make the
project successful from the business perspectives. For resolving any issue the project team members
must have proper, skills and ideas about problem solving.
Motivational and leadership skill: The project managers must have motivational and
leadership skills (Kerzner 2017). With the help of these skills the project team members will feel
motivated. If any unavoidable circumstances occur then that can also be resolved with the help this
skill.
Task 2.2 – Types of education, training and occupational standards
Construction project executives co-ordinate and oversee broad improvement projects both
on area and in a definitive breaking point. They are responsible for ensuring that the advancement of
specialist's offices, office structures, lodgings and significant hotel upgrades continue running on
time and under spending design. Improvement project executives in like manner advise with
coordinators and architects to assess the cost of tasks and measures of materials required, outline the
arranging and advancement strategies that will be grasped, and liaise with subcontractors and
building proprietors (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). They are similarly responsible for managing
and controlling site executives to ensure that quality, prosperity and cost benchmarks are inside and
out met. Improvement project supervisor's work wherever all through the state, controlling the
advancement of everything from broad high rise office structures to schools and healing facilities in
urban communities and towns.
The skills and knowledge that a construction project manager need:
 Knowledge and inclusion in the improvement business
 Excellent definitive and made and oral correspondences aptitudes
 Team organization capacities
 Flexibility
 The ability to work effectively under strain
 Effective time organization capacities

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Construction project overseer's work generally in office conditions, however may be
required to visit the improvement goals of the exercises they are directing. They generally work
standard business hours, regardless they will in like manner be required to work additional minutes
to meet reach out due dates. These specialists in like manner ought to have the ability to give
instructional gatherings, workshops and acquaintances and run with get-togethers, which may
require travel interstate or abroad. Improvement project directors can in like manner want to work in
annoying conditions (Smith and Dodds 2017). To wind up an advancement project director, there is
a need to complete a formal capacity in building and improvement or improvement organization.
The individual may improve business prospects by completing a course in project organization. The
Diploma of Building and Construction (Building) [Builder's Registration] and the Diploma of
Building and Construction (Building) are offered at State Training Providers and other enrolled
getting ready affiliations all through Western Australia. A couple of universities in Western
Australia offer noteworthy degree courses being developed organization. Most advancement project
heads will generally have worked for different years in building and improvement positions before
progressing to a task director part. They may be required to complete moreover examines in project
organization. The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority has portrayed wellness as "The ability to
perform to rules required in work over an extent of conditions and to address advancing issues".
Word related Standards give a strategies for assessing wellness in the workplace. The Standards
thus give a trademark start to the change of National and Scottish Vocational Qualifications in
Project Management, and it is the piece of Awarding Bodies to take this method forward.
The Standards have a wide variety of various purposes, at both the corporate and the
individual level, in any case, the more significant of which are appeared underneath.
Enlistment and decision
 Preparing enlistment subtle elements and business takes note
 Identifying parts of occupations: present and future
Work framework and evaluation
 Producing the movement assurance and depiction
 Monitoring parts and commitments (Kaiser, El Arbi and Ahlemann 2015)
 Establishing criteria for portion and reward systems
Getting ready and progression programs
 Identifying and deciding legitimate necessities
 Recognizing particular achievements
 Identifying planning and change needs: Continuous Professional Development
 Strategic masterminding of various leveled essentials
Change of direction and getting ready projects
 Curriculum layout and progression
 Relating aptitudes based making sense of how to workplace essentials
 Developing specific learning goals
 Developing the learning content for educational and instructional classes.
 Design of capacities (Walker 2015)
Calling bearing and change

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 Auditing aptitudes required and required
 Recognition of abilities achieved
 Identifying calling development openings
Capable essentials
 Linking Standards to the essentials of master Institutions
Task 3
Task 3.1 – Duties and responsibilities of project managers
A project manager is a man who has the general obligation with respect to the powerful
begin, masterminding, design, execution, checking, controlling and decision of an undertaking.
Advancement, petrochemical, building, information development and an extensive variety of
undertakings that convey things and organizations use this movement title. The undertaking
manager must have a mix of aptitudes including an ability to influence entering request, to
recognize verifiable assumptions and resolve conflicts, and also more wide organization capacities
(Heldman 2018). Key among an undertaking overseer's commitments is the affirmation that peril
direct effects the likelihood of accomplishment and that this risk must be both formally and coolly
evaluated all through the lifetime of an errand. Risks rise up out of weakness, and the productive
task manager is the individual who focuses on this as their basic concern. Most of the issues that
impact a project result some way or another from risk. A good project manager can lessen chance in
a general sense, much of the time by sticking to an approach of open correspondence, ensuring each
basic part has an opportunity to express suppositions and concerns.
An undertaking supervisor is a man who is accountable for choosing, both broad and little.
The undertaking manager ought to guarantee they control shot and utmost powerlessness. Every
decision the assignment manager impacts must to explicitly benefit their project. Project executives
use project organization programming, for instance, Microsoft Project, to deal with their activities
and workforce. These item packages allow project chairmen to make reports and charts in a matter
of moments, differentiated and the couple of hours it can take if they do it by hand. Project
Managers are the foundation of any project (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). They are a grapple around
which the whole project is pivoted and besides that they neglect to assign their obligations project
will undoubtedly meet its destiny.
The Project Manager is in charge of conveying the task and has all the expert to plan and run
the project on everyday schedule. A project director assigns their obligations in following way and
spreads following obligations in their errand designation:
Arranging: Project Managers need to profoundly comprehend what the project prerequisites
are and after that likewise design. Group development, foundation and asset arranging, course of
events and execution procedure all is unmistakably characterized in this arranging stage by
experienced project managers. It is a progressing procedure and is iterative in nature, which regards
the stipulated course of events.
Sorting out: In this stage project supervisor needs to design the group structure in light of
association assets accessible. Here the human foundation is characterized for the project where the
fundamental assignment is to distinguish parts and duties of every individual is characterized to
meet the project conveyance. It covers all the individual assets required either as a full-time or low
maintenance.

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Driving: Project Manager once they have arranged and set up the task authoritative structure
now needs to guarantee each substance associated with project are working according to the pre-
characterized plan to accomplish the coveted target (Donate and de Pablo 2015). A standout
amongst the most difficult part boils down to driving for project administrators as they need to
portray fantastic Emotional insight abilities together with psychological aptitudes as they are
managing people with various arrangement of aptitudes. Project managers stays the correspondence
amongst group and customer and needs to ensure there is no hole associated with any unique
circumstance.
Task Managers should be progressively a pioneer who knows how to treat his group and
customer well, who realizes what is required to keep correspondence streaming among every one of
the general population included and who rouses all to ensure they are not acting directionless.
Task 3.2 – Contractual implications of using external consultants or internal teams
Task supervisors confront various and practical clashes as they look to oversee consultants
both external and inward to an association on a project. Outside and inside advisors embrace their
parts and duties from altogether unique authoritative settings. External consultants regularly work
from a situation outside of a customer's authoritative system and culture (Boulmetis and Dutwin
2014). Inside consultants, then again, are members in the association's political and social/auxiliary
request. The distinctions in these points of view drive practices that can make testing circumstances
for the project administrator. Clashes will undoubtedly happen, and they may even wreck a project.
External consultants and interior consultants can be found in associations. The previous are
typically advisors utilized by outsider firms who are locked in by the association. The last are
representatives of the association who might work in a consultative part exhorting others in such
regions as frameworks, bookkeeping, HR, showcasing, and tasks.
Every now and again both of these kinds of consultants can be discovered taking part on a
similar project groups taking a shot at particular activities for the association. Project managers
experience the difficulties of overseeing them into the setting of a project, group, objectives, and
destinations they are accused of conveying (Too and Weaver 2014). This is the place clashes can
emerge, as the conduct of each sort of consultant is affected and driven by various thought
processes. At the point when clashes emerge, the obligation regarding exploring through the
difficulties to convey comes about falls upon the shoulders of the task manager.
External consultants can be off guard since they originate all things considered and do not
have the foggiest idea about the association. Inward consultants can include esteem since they know
who includes learning inside the customer and when/how best to contact them to acquire data or
investment in a project assignment. As a worker, an interior consultant has a known position, level,
and status inside the association. Regardless of whether truth be told or seen, if the position is at a
level beneath the administration or official layers, the interior consultants will be unable to give
auspicious and visit access to key supporters or partners (Joslin and Muller 2015). An external
consultants' status is frequently less all around characterized as far as the hierarchical chain of
importance, and regularly empowers them to explore the association both vertically and on a level
plane as required. External advisors will be less compelled to challenge the manager's style,
considering, and thoughts than an inner consultant does. Inside consultants will probably stay away
from strife so as to anticipate maddening associates or administration so as to meet a task
prerequisite or objective. They confront a quandary in how far to push. A supervisor or the business

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may apply weight for an interior consultant to cling to or elevate a specific way to deal with an issue
or task. Outside consultants will for the most part probably bring an alternate or free approach or
maybe one that is more custom fitted to a specific project (Heagney 2016). An inside advisor may
wind up apparent as well "amiable" with the external consultants. For this situation, his/her
adequacy to the project might be decreased if the association sees the inside advisors as having
"traversed" the line and united with the external consultants, especially if the task is making strife
inside the association.
In synopsis, the inner consultant's position is more powerless and delicate. For the most part
it is less dangerous and frequently anticipated that for outside consultants would give autonomous
criticism and direction. Inner advisors may oppose or act all the more circumspectly because of real
or saw loyalties and prerequisites to carry on positively to guarantee future work and progression.
The project supervisor is looked with fulfilling a wide range of desires for execution and
conveyance over the span of a project. With consultants on board the task group, the project
supervisor likewise needs to defy and address desires that are forced as a result of using
consultants.
Task 3.3 – Relationship between project managers with design and construction teams
The legally binding methodology sets the general association of the group. This
characterizes the large scale connections between the organizations included. At the task group
level, association structure is likewise imperative in accomplishing plan and development
coordination. Besides that the architect and the development delegate are from contrasting firms,
exceptional endeavors might be important to accomplish the coordination fundamental for
constructibility change (Heagney 2016). For instance, less formal correspondence, cooperation in
gatherings, free trade of preparatory data, and other such advances will diminish the regular
obstructions coming about because of enrollment in varying associations and aid fundamental mix
and coordination.
Constructibility is interdisciplinary. Configuration requires the commitments of a few
orders, for example, common, auxiliary, building, mechanical, electrical, and others. Development
agents can work as another outline teach. For instance, they can take an interest in coordination
gatherings and audit preparatory outline illustrations. In this way, these agents both give
development input and create information of the outline procedure and the plan subtle elements for
the task. This foundation is exceptionally useful amid the development stage.
A task administrator needs to take a few activities to encourage a group approach on a
project. Keeping every one of the orders included and educated is an initial step, yet insufficient.
Guaranteeing that key people doled out to the project group each have fitting knowledge gives an
essential regular foundation. Group building exercises, both formal and casual, expansive and little
scale, additionally assume a key part (Hornstein 2015). The project setting gives direction to decide
the essential extent of arranged group building exercises. Expansive extension and many-sided
quality, alongside requesting project destinations and unique necessities show that a huge group will
be required. In the event that the authoritative approach chose includes colleagues from a few
associations, group building exercises turn out to be especially essential. Viable group authority by
the proprietor includes particular consideration regarding understanding parts and incorporating
assorted exercises.

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Group building underpins both powerful plan culmination and constructibility change. It
builds up an affinity which will expand responsibility and reduce ill-disposed connections. The
underlying driving force for group building should originate from the proprietor. Requiring plan and
development joining and giving a way to encourage this, for example, association advancement
exercises, bolsters constructibility change.
Directors of huge projects have utilized numerous kinds of group building. Prior to the
beginning of project exercises, groups have met in a separated setting for a "withdraw" to
comprehend parts and fabricate an establishment for cooperation. Recognizing the key interfaces for
group exercises has been a key thing on the plan for these gatherings. Different directors have held
comparable gatherings on a quarterly or semiannual premise to distinguish issues and encourage a
group approach (Pinto 2015). Still another strategy for group building includes an attention on the
parts and connections between two useful gatherings, for example, plan and development.
Facilitators request that each gathering characterize the two arrangements of parts and obligations,
and resolve contradictions to manufacture a group approach.
Most project supervisors direct intermittent surveys, both inside and with the proprietor.
These by and large spotlight on contrasting advancement and execution and timetables and spending
plans. These audits give a chance to think about the consequences of endeavors to enhance
constructibility. For bigger projects, it might likewise be attractive to utilize organized
methodologies for investigating constructibility comes about and getting criticism. Struggle
concerning development strategies required by the plan, detail necessities, outline and design, or
calendars is likely. Giving a way to compromise is another essential component of constructibility
change. The project goals ought to give criteria (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). One approach is to
acquire assessments of cost and calendar affect from both building and development and utilize
these appraisals to contrast the capacity of the options with meet project destinations.
Huge numbers of the activities portrayed above for constructibility change are additionally
great task administration. Be that as it may, understanding the full open door accessible requires
extra strides to coordinate numerous outline and development exercises. The project director, with
his or her duty regarding all out project execution, must get this going (Bens 2017). This includes
getting development included early, arranging how to best utilize this asset, constructing a group
approach with outline, and reliably utilizing project needs to determine clashes.
Task 4
Task 4.1 – Role of client in the construction process
Clients have an essential part to play in the progression of an exact method to manage the
organization of prosperity and security being developed. They will set the tone of the undertaking
and settle on decisions fundamental to its change. It is key that sufficient time and resources are
allowed to enable the commitment holders to finish their obligations safely. The client is the person
for whom the undertaking is finished. By virtue of notifiable exercises, clients must name a
Principal Designer and a Principal Contractor (Chigangacha and Haupt 2016). Those clients without
improvement aptitude must rely upon the direction of master authorities on how best to meet their
commitments, yet both the Principal Designer and Principal Contractor will require the clients
support and commitment to have the ability to do their work effectively. The client remains
accountable for ensuring that client commitments are met.

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The client influences the aftereffect of an improvement project in light of the way that the
errand is started by the client, every now and again the client sets the general program and the client
pays for the work to be executed. Clients should set the rules for prosperity and security regardless
of the way that the level of their relationship in the undertaking won't depend without anyone else
knowledge and experience of advancement shapes. Extensive clients may have their own particular
finish in-house design gathering, and even their own specific direct work contracting gathering
(Potts and Ankrah 2014). There is nothing to envision such clients using these advantages for give
the parts of Lead Designer, organizer or imperative legally binding laborer giving they can make
each important stride according to the bearings. Humbler clients should buy in the expertise they
require and may need to search for capable appeal on the capacity of courses of action they make.
On all exercises the client must affirm that palatable organization blueprints are set up to ensure that
the parts, limits and commitments of all people from the undertaking bunch are clear and fathomed.
The affiliations and individuals wearing down the task should know their parts, commitments and
experts and their relationship with various people from the gathering.
The headings moreover require the client to allow sufficient time and diverse resources for
all social affairs required to fulfill their prosperity and security commitments. On notifiable
activities, the focal fashioner's proposal will be noteworthy in picking the timescales. On non-
notifiable undertakings the client still needs to search for direction on the time and resources
proposed to be apportioned to the unmistakable times of an errand. Nevertheless, if a client powers
far-fetched time necessities in light of business weight the whole task will be flawed toward the
begin from a prosperity and security viewpoint.
The client must allow satisfactory time for the diagram, plot overviews, organizing, risk
recognizing evidence, danger assessment, detail of peril control measures, assurance of transitory
specialists, readiness, sequencing and arranging of work, and finishing improvement. Thought must
be given to potential outcomes. The client must give information as for the errand, site and other
critical issues to the fashioners and legally binding specialists on all exercises (Tebbatt Adams et al.
2017). This information will be fused inside the 'pre-improvement information' sometimes
suggested as the PCI. This information will be profitable for the fashioners in their undertakings to
forgo or decrease risks by their arrangement decisions, for offering legally binding laborers to
fittingly evaluate the work and the related threats and the transitory specialists playing out the work
in their organization of prosperity and security on the site. The client must make this information
open adequately right on time for the fashioners to overview the information for the end and decline
of danger by design.
The client must give every one of the information in his/her proprietorship that identifies
with the site and whatever other information that could be sensibly gotten. This information should
be given as fast as time allows in the errand to enable the fashioners to think about the information
when settling on their diagram and organizing decisions. Some of this information would moreover
be furnished to offering impermanent laborers with the objective that they can consider while
offering for the work, or allow the advancement gathering, in a situation where tenders are not
required, to effectively plan the improvement work (Trigunarsyah 2017). The pre-development data
might be discrete snippets of data as illustrations, reports, overviews, and so on, either in electronic
or printed version design, with a file gave to the greater part of the project group so the data
accessible is known to all.

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Task 4.2 – Advantages to clients of using project management
Construction Management (CM) otherwise called Construction Project Management (CPM)
characterizes all exercises engaged with the arranging, coordination, and control of development
projects from the beginning to consummation. It mixes development aptitudes with business
standards trying to create projects that are profoundly viable while effectively limiting waste.
Development Managers work with an assorted workforce to guarantee that each progression of the
project is finished both in time and on spending plan (Thorpe and Sumner 2017). Development
Managers must be in fact capable, creative, entrepreneurial, group pioneers and individuals who
appreciate social and in addition worldwide mindfulness.
Interests of customers are top need: The Construction Manager turns into the Owner's
illustrative, utilizing broad industry learning to settle on ideal choices and take activities that
advantage your task in general.
Lessened aggregate project cost: The Construction Manager regulates aggressive offering,
contract invalidation on justify, diminishment in finish time and disposal of non-esteem degree and
expenses (Chen and Raab 2017). They work with the development group to create reasonable
spending plans and guarantee the project is finished inside spending plans by executing cost-
decreasing documentation controls, applying assets proficiently, and the sky is the limit from there.
A qualified task group: The Construction Manager prompts the customer on holding those
most appropriate to convey on the customer's needs while taking out the individuals who are not
adding to the group's prosperity. A Construction Manager is likewise ready to prescribe qualified
industry specialists to add to your group.
A main issue of correspondence: The Construction Manager turns into your go-to contact
and the individual with a private comprehension of the master plan on your task. They are taking
contribution from numerous sources, sifting it through to guarantee the correct data gets to the ideal
individuals at the ideal time and guaranteeing the consistent coordination of project members
(Senaratne and Gunawardane 2015).
Upgraded quality control: The Construction Manager will make utilization of their broad
industry information to supervise and review the work done by all task groups, in this manner
limiting odds of faulty work or poor workmanship when all is said in done.
Assurance from risk: The Construction Manager takes proprietorship for the achievement of
your project, and furthermore is the key individual dependable in the remote possibility things go
amiss.
The utilization of these organization practices turns the masterminding, plan and
improvement process into one which makes regard and lifts control. These activities add
consistency to the aftereffect of the errand from the orchestrating stage to the satisfaction of
advancement. A more master Service is given. Advancement Management (CM) is seen as a
"specialist organization". Thusly, level out in the open errands, the proprietor has the benefit to pick
a CM firm in light of the association reputation and individual capacity (Bang et al. 2017).
Obligation is moreover stand a fundamental issue being developed organization. An advancement
manager is every now and again picked in front of plan for the spending change process before the
diagram amass is helped the proprietor in develop a money related arrangement and timetable that

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will be used to guarantee all financing, and after that secured sensible and centered arrangement
suggestions.
Moreover, it furthermore upgrades the stress between the transitory specialist and the
proprietor. All around, a general transitory laborer ordinarily is less pushed to work with the
proprietor to upgrade quality and costs, and is more focused on boosting their advantage. A more
important collaboration is formed in this task. Usually, the proprietor picks the gathering, for
instance, project manager to address the proprietor under the advancement organization in
perspective of their notoriety. The relationship of an advancement manager with a client is normally
as an extension of the clients staff utilized to advance extend participation other than cost, schedule
and quality control on the undertaking (Ciribini, Ventura and Paneroni 2016). More important staff
versatility is in like manner one of the upsides of improvement organization. For instance, an
advancement overseer can give a proprietor more important versatility in overseeing pay and
development of experts inside the proprietor's staff.
The utilization of improvement organization upgraded the cost control and gives more
conspicuous trustworthiness and innovativeness. An advancement director typically gives cost
surveying in the midst of the hidden proprietor arranging process, and further cost assessing and
regard working in the midst of the blueprint time of an errand, costly and dull. Regard building and
cost diminishing musings are perceived when they can regardless be realized into the framework. It
furthermore upgraded the correspondence inside the gathering (Towey 2017). For example, that
advancement directors oftentimes work for proprietors on coming about projects, lessons learned as
a gathering on one expect are associated with future work.
Task 4.3 – Evaluating improvement of quality and standards
Construction industry has been fighting with it execution of significant worth assertion for
quite a while. The cost could be diminished sensibly if the business were to grasp esteem
certification with the usage of phenomenal achievement by the techniques distinctive associations.
Be that as it may, different contextual investigations and activities have prevailing with regards to
acquainting quality affirmation with the development business on a little scale, yet overall, it has for
the most part been disregarded by the enterprises (Martinez-Rojas et al. 2015). The advancement
business is unprecedented and along these lines the use of significant worth confirmation requires to
be executed in the business. A part of the noteworthy steps of this system are inspected underneath:
1. As an issue of first significance, project administrators in various associations need to
outline a gathering or social affairs will's personality dedicated for quality certification. This
gathering will be careful to regard and give a record of the evaluation as for all parts of the
association. The gathering will work independently having master and adaptability of work, at each
reason for their movement. The gathering needs to reply to the senior organization of the association
and keep all results in records.
2. Once the gathering is encircled, the essential obligation of the gathering will be to portray
the errands and dispense them to isolate individuals. Some of these commitments are to overview
the things, gadgets, benefits as indicated by the necessities, measures and principles, survey project
shapes, propose distinctive methodologies, rules or mechanical assemblies to be used as a piece of
the task, report the aftereffect of the evaluation etc (Griffith 2018).
3. The gathering by then portrays the plans for the quality assertion process. For this
circumstance, it depends on the possibility of association; the inconspicuous components of the

15HND ASSIGNMENT
plans in the association may change. Nevertheless, it fundamental course of action remains standard
for most of the associations. Generally the once-over fuses quality objectives, portraying the tests
and verificational works out, process evaluation, describing the individual commitment of the
partners, perceiving getting ready requirements, arranging and sponsoring for quality control
vocations, booking all activities, chronicling and following etc.
4. Making the test method, motivation and related activities to clear up the way quality
affirmation will be performed is the consequent stage.
5. The gathering in essential sense needs to execute as showed by the plans made to ensure
the consequent phases of significant worth affirmation process. These benefits can be picked up to
play out the frameworks, when the gathering starts evaluating the undertaking. Mechanical
assemblies required for this appraisal are recognized depending upon the possibility of the
assignment. Any non-conformance with the measures or essential are exhorted and offered an
explanation to the correct office (Mitra 2016). The issues are then changed and again sent for testing
to the quality control gathering. Thusly, testing and reconsidering proceeds, till the assignment is
wound up being in conformance with the standard.
6. The accompanying stage is to recognize the readiness essential for the associates to play
out the appraisal shapes as demonstrated in the quality control plan.
7. The execution of the gathering should be checked every now and again by the task
manager against the plans, timetable and spending design. If the progress of the gathering isn't
finishing an awesome activity, by then therapeutic moves should be made.
8. The group exercises and results are checked on by the senior administration of the
organization and their partners on customary interims. Any unsolved issue for the group technique
is dealt with by the senior administration now of time.
9. The group gathers audit data from different sources. Once more, proposals for
development at any progression of value affirmation process is acknowledged and actualized in the
following session, besides that it fulfills the different restrictions. Suggestions are acknowledged
from any level of the organization for some time later (Kylili, Fokaides and Jimenez 2016).
10. The group refines the aggregate procedure to give it a characterized structure with the
group's depictions, formats and agendas. This structure can be reused as a model for future or might
turn into a case to different organizations or associations.
Task 5
Task 5.1 – Evaluating changes to priorities and list of priorities
Projects ought to be performed and passed on under particular prerequisites. For the most
part, these constraints are degree, time and cost. The Scope Control process impacts the components
that incite errand scope changes and control the impact of those movements, which a key issue for
project accomplishment. It ensures that each requested change and recommended therapeutic
exercises are readied and that movements are reduced or wiped out if they result in negative impact
on projects (He et al. 2015). The expansion control is considered from the budgetary authority's
point of view, as achieving the task targets is of basic importance for the theorist. Systemizing
changes could be performed by causes or results of the alterations in projects. The essential driver of

16HND ASSIGNMENT
improvement changes are examiner's necessities for higher measures in association with those
masterminded, to be recognized in the execution time of an advancement project.
All accomplices are totally committed to an undertaking and its unobtrusive components just
in the execution organize, when they see different choices to achieving the goals. Fragmented
documentation is a reason for change because of poor or ignored coordination with respect to the
majority of the task's partners. Due dates for incomplete outlines are excessively yearning, while
synchronization of all parts of a task is supplanted with a cushion to empower opportune project
expectations. This support is typically utilized for compensating for lost time, rather than for
synchronization that is along these lines dismissed. So documentation is at last made out of
unadjusted parts and does not shape the rationale of the entire project (Goulding et al. 2015).
Speculators now and again change their needs or for different reasons divert financing, so a task can
wind up being wiped out because of an absence of assets. The fundamental reason for Dynamic
Planning and Control Methodology (DPM) is to give extend dynamic instruments to web arranged
arranging devices and deal with the progressions a while later. DPM incorporates existing devices in
a single far reaching system to guarantee adaptable usage concerning conditions changeability and
imperatives for a particular project. The DPM structure comprises of four layers: the vital center, the
strategic layer, the operational layer and the interface layer. The investigation of the results of
progress on project acknowledgment must be performed rapidly and viably, and absolutely before
settling on an ultimate conclusion on change endorsement. Besides that this inadequate project
documentation in a few sections of the task (in 84% of projects with undermining agreement).
Absence of financing to finish a task for the most part causes an expansion in the time. Since each
project is one of a kind, the DPM requires the demonstrating of a change administration framework
for each project and all impacts applicable to the task.
Task 5.2 – Explanation on the use of best practices in project management
Key execution markers or KPIs are used for the most part to gauge the execution of
particular limits, for instance, exhibiting, creation system, IT and collecting. Affiliations also use
KPIs to measure distinctive controls of project organization. By assessing these parts of PM, project
overseers will have the ability to address the key issues in the general direct of the assignment. If the
key issues are perceived and enlightened, the undertaking managers can spend their essentialness
totally on upgrading the practicality of the task desires with no issue.
The data in numbers or the quantitative estimations are the essential segments used as KPIs
in project organization. The amount of specialists in a gathering, PCs, hardware supplies,
programming licenses required for a project and the salary it will deliver are used as the most basic
KPIs to gauge broaden execution (Pournader, Tabassi and Baloh 2015). These quantitative
estimations help the errand executives with increasing comprehension on where the project stands.
The must know Six Sigma estimations like interval between disillusionments, mean time to repair
and the quantitative estimations, for instance, stock, securing, supplies, new customers picked up,
customer debilitating and workforce whittling down are the striking quantitative KPIs used as a
piece of task organization to study the last items.
Affiliations take after a routine with respect to using process comes about as the most basic
KPIs in project organization. The accomplishment of such methodology in projects helps
associations from different perspectives. Undertaking administrators execute these methodology as
the acknowledged strategies to induce the system upgrades and develop more things. Therefore,
they achieve business advancement on a more raised sum (Lu et al. 2015). Using the method comes

17HND ASSIGNMENT
about as an essential KPI helps project administrators an uncommon course of action, especially
when the strategies are robotized. Undertaking overseers also get help from HR managers to find
how the new contract process works in the affiliation. The extent between the amounts of workforce
secured versus utilized for a particular year is used as a key execution marker to separate the
advancement of the association. This information can be gotten by dismembering the HR reports.
These reports can be made using the HR information structure.
Undertaking directors use quality affirmation methods to measure extend assemble
execution. There are specific KPIs, for instance, the subject learning, particular aptitudes, project
execution, suitability on achieving project goals alongside mindset and social capacities help here
(Kelly, Male and Graham 2014). In any case, evaluating certain estimations like specialist air or
their motivational level is a critical extraordinary task. Undertaking managers use some sensitive
aptitudes like solidarity and gathering practicality as key pointers to assess the specialist qualities of
the project gatherings.
There are shapes help project executives perceive how induced their undertaking bunches
are. Undertaking managers use surveys and audits to examine the parts that animate their gatherings
to make better results. The idea of such a system is moreover basic to quantify the achievement of
the assignment result.
Associations on occasion feel that utilizing certain KPIs is costly. Coordinate or join the key
execution markers to measure the execution of your project. Pick the correct one that suits the
controls in your project. Utilizing the wrong estimation system will ruin your quality time and cash.
For the project as well as utilization of KPIs will fittingly help incredibly in accomplishing the
general authoritative development.
Task 5.3 – Explanation on how project managers can add value to the construction
process
They fixate on customer needs: Highly successful undertaking executives uncover the
customer's genuine needs. They do that through enquiry and by getting some answers concerning
the client's business. They are not fascinated just in passing on the necessities, but instead in
including certified regard.
They make an uncommon gathering: The gathering is the project's most prominent asset, and
exceedingly productive administrators understand that. They bolster it and need to see each
individual's characteristics and assistants (Rumane 2016). These project executives view themselves
as enabling impacts rather than scaled down scale managers and they empty blockages so the
gathering can get on with its work.
They allocate: Highly productive task directors have learnt that the best way to deal with
incorporate most extraordinary regard and totally utilize the gathering is to choose anything that
ought to possibly be conceivable by someone else. In assigning, not only do they develop the
gathering's scope of capacities, they furthermore free themselves up to base on the basic, for
instance, customer associations, correspondence, driving and motivating the gathering, de-taking a
risk with the project and setting the vision (Hossen, Kang and Kim 2015).
They challenge the current situation: It is never again enough to turn up for work and pass
on an undertaking the way we used to. Incredibly productive errand managers know about how they
can pass on change in better, more affordable and speedier ways. They challenge the same old thing,

18HND ASSIGNMENT
study what new advancements can be can used, which extra focal points can be passed on and how
methods can be gained ground.
They invigorate buy in to the project: Highly productive assignment overseers create
unimaginable associations of trust with the task's accomplices. In doing in that capacity, they focus
on those accomplices who have the most power and effect over the undertaking and especially the
people who are not unfaltering of the action.
They control risks, issues and changes to scope: A gigantic bit of viable transport is keeping
perils, issues and changes under control (Mubarak 2015). Particularly compelling task
administrators imbue a danger care culture in the gathering by dependably getting some data about,
what is blocking their work what could turn out gravely.
They pass on with guarantees: It essential to productive transport that directors are strong
and that clients and accomplices trust them. Extraordinarily productive errand executives do what
they say they will in like manner with respect to seeking after different people for the moves they
make on.

19HND ASSIGNMENT
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