Arrays and linked lists are two fundamental data structures in computer science. An array is a collection of elements of the same type stored at contiguous memory locations, while a linked list is a sequence of nodes, each node containing a value and a reference to the next node in the sequence. The basic operations that can be performed on arrays include traversal, insertion, and deletion. Similarly, linked lists can also perform creation, insertion, testing for emptiness, and traversal. This assignment requires students to write C programs to perform these operations on both arrays and linked lists.