Asthma Case Study

Asthma Case Study

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.............................................................................................................................3
Question 1..................................................................................................................................3
Pathogenesis causing the clinical manifestation with Peter.......................................................3
Question 2..................................................................................................................................4
Question 3..................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
MAIN BODY
Question 1
Pathogenesis causing the clinical manifestation with Peter.
The presence of acute asthma causes shortness of breath, coughing, chest tightness
and the wheezing. The asthma primarily starts early in life and it is complex as well as
interactive process that depends on the two major factors that include:
Host factors
 The innate and adaptive immune responses are associated with the regulation and the
development of the inflammation. A shift towards the Th2 cytokine –like disease
causes the asthma, it can either be Th2 or the under expression of Th1.
 Genetics is responsible for the eventual development. The genetics show phenotypic
characteristic that are responsible for asthma. The genetics play role in the production
of the IgE, dysfunctional regulation and airway hyper responsiveness.
 Sex and the sex hormones are responsible for the hormone generation and contribute
to asthma. The prevalence of asthma is more in boys as compared to girls (Bontinck,
Maes and Joos, 2020).
Environmental factors
The factors that are responsible for the persistence and the development of acute asthma
are:
 Allergens – The sensitization and exposure to house dust, along with the Alternaria in
children. The presence of animal dander (particularly cat and dog) in the early stage
of life can cause asthma. Exposure to the allergen causes the airway inflammation and
exacerbation.
 Respiratory infections- In the childhood, the parainfluenza virus and respiratory
syncytial virus are the causes for the bronchiolitis that is equal to the features of
asthma in childhood. The risk factors can be emerged from the early infection of
symptomatic rhinovirus.
 Other environmental exposures- The exposure to the air pollution, tobacco smoke,
diet and the occupation have increased effect in the occurrence of asthma. The
exposer to the tobacco smoke results in wheezing in early stage. In adults the
prevalence to smoke can lead to severe asthma and decrease the inhaled
corticosteroids (ICSs). The air pollution can be related to the sensitization of allergic.
Increase exercise outdoors by the children increase the risk of asthma. The parallel
increasing of the obesity is also responsible for the prevalence in asthma. Obesity
causes a unique airways dysfunction due to generation of inflammatory mediators.