Atmosphere pollution Assignment PDF

Atmosphere pollution1
ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION
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Atmosphere pollution 2
Atmosphere pollution
Part 1
Since the industrial revolution, society has depleted fossils fuels fasters than the
generation of fuel. Oil, coal and natural gas offer a lot of energy when they are burned. Yet, the
combustion of fossil fuels is slowly varying the atmosphere composition, with the climate
change apparent. Moreover, fossil fuel extraction, refinement and transport generate numerous
hazards in the environment and workplace. Renewable energy sources refill naturally without
being exhausted in the ground include; hydropower, bioenergy, geothermal, solar energy, ocean
(wave) energy and wind energy (Asumadu-Sarkodie and Owusu 2016a). Developing alternative
sources of cleaner, safer and renewable energy is an objective of green chemistry. Changing the
energy of the wind, sun or plant into a form appropriate for human use is a challenge (Panwar,
Kaushik and Kothari 2011). A promising substitute to fossil fuel is fuel cell technology. In fact,
the recent research on 3D anhydrous proton-transferring Nano channels designed by self-
assemblage of liquid crystals composed of a sulfonic and sulfobetaine has attracted attention
because of the potential application in fuels cells and lithium-ion batteries (Sakuda et al. 2015).
Power from the fuels cells is cleaner, creating less than one per cent of the quantity of
contaminant created by traditional power generation. Moreover, a methane gas, a byproduct of
the human waste decomposition, has been used in fuels cells to efficiently produce electricity
(Tiwary and Williams 2018). Thus, fuels cells are doubly appropriate for the earth, by changing a
byproduct into useful energy and secondly, reducing effluence involved in making that energy.
The technology has the prospect to advance energy efficiency, minimise greenhouse gas
emissions and lessen air contamination matched with traditional combustions engines (Seinfeld
and Pandis 2012). Researchers expect fuels cells will be important in several personal devices

Atmosphere pollution 3
ranging from home furnaces and automobiles to cellular phones. The fuel cells are still too
expensive and experimental to be practical for broader use. But, they are presently used to
power NASA spacecraft, city buses and wastewater treatment plants.
Part 2
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have been main actors in progressing the
biosphere understands stratospheric ozone reduction and styles. NASA retains satellites in
numerous globe orbits and conducts study to get comprehensive, long-term arrays of ecological
measurement about the globe. NASA has been active in evaluating the impacts of world
aeronautics on the global air, data gathering and saved the use of ozone-depleting substance by
96%. NOAA defines the scope of exhaustion over Antarctica (the ozone hole), creates a ground-
centered measurement of ozone in the stratosphere, and observes the gases accountable for
reducing stratosphere ozone (Earth System Research Laboratory 2015). Its global networks of
research points and scientists continue to take part in tracking and monitoring the recovery of the
ozone layer.
Since the signing of the Montreal protocol on the substance on 1987, it was initial efforts
to guard the stratospheric ozone. Under the protocol, the developed nations were needed to begin
phasing out CFCs in 1993 and achieved a 50% reduction by 1998 (NASA 2018). Measurements
by NASA's Aura satellite, shows the chlorine decline, resulting from an worldwide veto on
chlorine enclosing a man-made chemical called CFCs; which has caused in about 20% less
ozone weakening through the Antarctic winter than there was in 2005 (NASA 2018). CFCs are a
long-lived organic compound that ultimately rises into the stratosphere, where they are