Atmospheric carbon dioxide has increased

Running head: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 1
Carbon Capture and Storage and its Impacts on climate change.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2
ABSTRACT
Since the industrial revolution started, the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide has
increased because of burning fossil fuels and large scale deforestation. If the emission of
greenhouse gases continues at its current rate, it is estimated that global temperatures could
exceed historical values in the near future. This is undesirable because they will harm the
earth's ecosystems, biodiversity and will also affect the lives of many people on the globe.
Global warming is the most challenging environmental problem in the world currently. There
needs to be the formulation of policies that would limit the production of CO2 and other
GHGs as well as their consequences. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is a
crucial method that can be used to reduce CO2 gas and hence decrease the rate of global
warming. However, there are some features of using CCS technology, especially in regards to
coming up with regulations, that should be considered by all nations in the world. The paper
focusses on the results of implementing CCS to reduce pollution of air and global warming as
well as its side effects in the setting of international environmental law.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ............................................................................... 2
Literature review..........................................................................4
Research Methodology...................................................................7
Data and Analysis..........................................................................11
The CCS Chain...........................................................................12
Recommendations..........................................................................12
Conclusion.................................................................................13
References..................................................................................14

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 3
INTRODUCTION
The atmosphere of the earth is being changed at a high rate, mainly by the energy
consumption of humanity and such changes depict a threat to global security and health.
Policies should be developed and implemented quickly to protect the atmosphere of the
planet (Spitz et al. 2018 pg. 302). Global warming according to the scientist's reports, can be
defined as raising the temperature of the atmosphere, particularly a rise enough spark changes
in the climate conditions of the Earth’s atmosphere. Global warming can be termed as
Enhanced greenhouse effect, meaning a rise in the level of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere of the earth, resulting in solar radiation, and therefore leading to an increase in
the temperature of the earth (Bellamy et al., 2017 pg. 199).
The earth’s heating situation in itself results in the life of humanity to be at risk. The
world is characterized by natural and geopolitical changes and the conclusions drawn by
scientists are alarming. In order to avoid disputatious climate change as well as its ample
effects on creatures worldwide, it is important to take necessary actions (Cuéllar-Franca,
2015, pg. 100). There is a scientific agreement that human activities that how we transform
and utilize energy (fossil fuel), are mainly responsible for an increase in the concentrations of
carbon dioxide in climate change and atmosphere. It is important to state that the global
temperatures have increased over the past years, and the levels of carbon dioxide gas have
excessed in the atmosphere all records of the reports. The crucial discovery from an
examination of different periods of Earth’s history is that major results amplify at the first
levels any warming. As a result, the climate has so dramatically changed.
Positive feedbacks take any changes in temperature and amplify them. Such
feedbacks are the reason climate is very sensitive to gases. Of all the greenhouse gases

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 4
carbon dioxide is the most crucial driver of climate change. CSS that is, carbon capture and
storage is anticipated to play a crucial role in mitigation strategies of climate change (Grant et
al. 2018). Carbon capture and storage could be lowered from power stations by the use of
fossil fuel including coal, and it has been regulation no power plants ought to build without
the carbon capture and storage facilities around.
It is crucial to note that the build-up of CO2 in the atmosphere will have harmful
effects on future generations. In this paper, the focus will be on the environmental effects of
CCS especially its effect on global warming and the future of carbon capture and storage
technology and how it works (Størset et al. 2019 pg. 213). The paper incorporates some
important up to date and new information on the relation between human common heritage
and technology of carbon capture storage as a global concept that is regarded to be new.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The emission of carbon dioxide has widespread effects on the environment with the
most significant being increased global warming. The most extensively used fossil fuel is
coal. About 2.5 tons of carbon dioxide are produced for burning each ton of coal. Due to this,
and the high rate of utilization, coal is the biggest source of CO2 emissions. Coals denote
thirty percent of the share of fuels of world energy supply though it emits 43 % of CO2 from
the use of fossil fuel.
There are many barriers facing the adoption of CCS technologies ((Muratori, and Calvin,
2016). They include the lack of clear legal structure, the economic and financial feasibility,
the carbon lock-in, lack of knowledge in certain areas, diversity in CCS pathways, need for
robust incentives and low CO2 price among others.
Coherent and consistent Framework: International and National Frameworks ought to be
consistent, which can be attained through the inclusion of all actors such as research