Exercise: Importance of Regular Physical Activity

RUNNING HEAD: BIOLOGY
BIOLOGY
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Introduction
It is important to understand that exercises are important to keep the joints, ligaments
and the meniscus intact in the body as well as the muscles in the body need nutrition and
exercises as well to help them grow well and heal well under adverse circumstances (Makhni
et al. 2017). The various types of sports uses different types of joints and the different types
of muscle goes for strain and twists in order to support the desired movement. It is vital to
understand the sports type determines uses different joint play and add strains to muscle and
to the structures around it, in order to produce the movement at the most effective way. Both
neurological and orthopaedic conditions affect the efficiency of the joint and the other
structural mechanisms and the rhythm at which the series of kinetics are produced (Sihvonen
et al. 2018) – are disrupted as well. Arthrokinematics and biomechanics play a very crucial
role in the development of these movements at an effective way and at times, when the joint
play or the kinetics is reduced, due to certain amount of disruption, the various types of
dysfunction occurs and the interventions had to be taken and the movement has to be
restored. It is critical to analyse the aetiology and the reasons that has caused the dysfunction
to occur plus the number of derangements that has occurred or been produced by the strain of
the force applied that the joint and the structures around could not take at a proper rate, hence
the stability of the joint and the structures around – was disrupted resulting in an injury
(Bochyńska et al. 2017). The joints in the body whether it is of ball and socket type as well as
the hinge joints are protected or guarded by certain types of protective structures. These
structures can be synovial membrane with synovial fluid absorbing the shock of the
vibrations, being applied by the high intensity force – thus decreasing the intensity of the
trauma that could have disrupted the structures and the joint itself. The other structures are
meniscus, ligaments and the cartilages that form a protective anatomical and physiological
guard around the joint is subjected to trauma and injury more than the joint itself and it is

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very critical that the sports rehabilitation programs and the preventive measures are taught
during the training session in order to reduce the extent of the injury or to perform the right
series of movements to protect the structures and the joints as well as helping in producing
the outcome as well, successfully too. Tear and other types of injuries at first affect the
integrity of the structures around such as ligaments, cartilages, the capsules and the fluid
before affecting the surface of the bone and the joints. It is vital that the anatomical and the
physiological structures of the joint are studied well in order to understand and the analyse
the kinetics and the kinematics of the bone and the joint and it is the joint is more subjected to
strain and stress from the external forces and many researchers as identified this
pathophysiological situation as the major form of aetiological reasons that causes the
ligaments and the meniscuses to tear and undergo injuries at a more rapid rate than the joints
itself. The biomechanics is the study of mechanics of the joints that movers at certain angles,
yet maintain a coherence to the whole arrangement of bones and joints – thus being able to
produce the desired movement at an effective rate and kinesiology is the study of forces
much act in sink and in tandem with the amount of forces applied in order to produce the
movement in response to the force, without causing any kind of strain or trauma or any sort
of injury.
Knee joint is one of the most important joints of the body and both anatomically as
well as physiologically – they produce the required amount of stability on this the entire
biomechanics of the body stabilizes itself and various types of the same forces that is
aforementioned as the kinetics that causes the various ranges of kinematics to occur (Jacob et
al. 2020). The knee joint, it is important to be considered that due to its position just above
the foot joints – is subject to the weight-bearing forces of the body at first and then all the
other types of internal and external forces are applied to the same joint are also responsible
for disrupting the joint at a various faster rate than the other joints. Micro-trauma refers to the

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various types of the forces that affect the different joints at daily day to day basis thus
disrupting the different surface angles of the joint at various rates, thus causing the different
level of trauma and injury at a degenerative basis (Englund and Turkiewicz 2016). The most
important type of traumatic situation that encompasses the most vital of clinical cases are the
tears and fractures. Tears occur to the muscles and the cartilages around as well as the
ligaments, cartilages, membranes that tapes the joints from different planes and axes, and
tears in a clinical; scenario, are graded at various grades thus allowing the movement and the
mobility to disrupt and occur at an increased rate and elevated chances. The knee joint has a
cover of meniscus around and the different types of meniscal injuries is one of the most
common situation in the clinical situation, that pertains to the sports or rather the type of sport
related trauma. In this study, the meniscal injury is studied. Amongst the other type of knee
injuries, the meniscus tear is very painful, agonizing and it can very debilitating as well that
can result in joint inactivity and the inability to move the joint, over a period of time, over the
period of months as well if the interventions and if the medical clinical attention is not given
properly – it can lead to the disability as well. Meniscal trauma is a very general type of
trauma and it leads to various types of complicacies if not treated properly and it is one of the
most common injuries of the knee and the most frequent types of injuries as well.
Meniscal Anatomy and Biomechanics
The meniscus around the knee is a fibro cartilaginous structure that is shapes likes a
crescent-shaped and it divides the joint cavity to great effect. It is critical that the various
types of different forces and the torsions that caused the biomechanics and the anatomical
dysfunction to occur must be assessed properly after the injury or the incident has already
occurred and this is crucial that the assessments taken by the orthopaedecian or the allied
health care professions who work in a closed framework nowadays – are done performed
properly so to identify what exact force or strain has caused the fracture, tear or strain to