Blood Disease | Research Report

Running head: BLOOD DISEASE
BLOOD DISEASE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Pathogenesis:..........................................................................................................................2
Symptoms:..............................................................................................................................3
Expert Diagnosis:...................................................................................................................4
Treatment:..............................................................................................................................6
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................7
References:.................................................................................................................................8

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Introduction
The disorder found in the red blood cells, where the lack of the red blood cells
projects challenges in carrying oxygen across the whole body is known as sickle cell anemia.
In general state of health, the shape of the red blood cells are found to be round, however, in
the condition of sickle cell anemia, the shape of the blood cells turns into crescent moons or
sickles. Sickle cell anemia depicts the disorders that lead to the break down of the cells. After
transformation of the shape in the shape of a sickle, these cells portrays shorter life and
thereby leading to the lower rate of health blood cells (Fitzhugh and Walters 2017). This
blood disease can also cause pain due to the blockage of blood flow, which is also known as
sickle cell crisis. The purpose of the paper is to present a discussion on a blood disease, by
depicting its source, symptoms, potential diagnosis and treatment procedures. The selected
blood disease for this paper is sickle cell anemia. The paper will be concluded by rephrasing
the main ideas with allocated treatment ideas.
Pathogenesis:
Pathogenesis reflects the biological mechanism of a disease, which actually leads the
human body and functioning to the state of disease. Pathogenesis also refers to the term
utilized for describing the state of origin and growth of a specific disease, while helping to
determine the nature of the disease, recurrent, chronic and acute. In case of the sickle cell
anemia, the origin of this disease can majorly be dependent over hereditary reasons, as father
and mother passes the gene of sickle cells in children, causing the state of sickle cell trait.
The trait of sickle cell takes place by inheriting normal Hb A, which is normal hemoglobin
gene from one of the parent along with a Hb S, which is sickle hemoglobin gene from another
parent (Slaughter and Dilworth-Anderson 2017). This combination result in AS and causes
sickle cell trait. The person suffering from this condition can also be known for the carrier of

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sickle cell. The adaption or passage of an abnormal hemoglobin through one of the parent
results in the origin of sickle cell anemia. A person cannot develop the blood disease in the
inheritance of a combination of normal hemoglobin gene and sickle cell gene. The disease
originates and develops by causing mutation within the gene, which instructs the body for
constructing iron-rich compound. The instructions enable the red blood cells to enable the
flow of blood and the inability of carrying oxygen from lungs towards the whole body
(Stotesbury et al. 2018). However, in case of sickle cell anemia, the abnormality in the red
blood cells results in the sticky and rigid nature of the cells, which restricts the free flow of
the blood. The disease can only be developed if both father and mother pass down the
abnormal gene. People inferentially carrying one defective or one sickle cell gene do not
reflect symptoms. However, being the carrier of the gene, they have the potential for passing
down the gene amongst their offspring.
Symptoms:
The symptoms and signs for the sickle cell anemia can start appearing during four to
five months olds age of a child, however it may vary from person-to-person. Although, the
form or type of sickle cell anemia may vary but reflects the similar symptoms. However, the
severity of those symptoms can be distinctiveness for different individual. The symptoms and
sign for sickle cell anemia involves:
 Episodic pain- One of the major and evident symptoms in this blood disease can be
periodic sign of pain, which is also termed as pain crises. The pain is known to
develop when the flow of blood is blocked or disturbed by sickle-shaped blood cells.
The intensity of pain may vary by lasting up to few weeks to few hours (Naqvi, M.
and Ecker, J., 2017). The chronic pain can also result in damaging of ulcers; joint
damage and can affect bone strength.